APE Antibody - BSA Free

APE1 (apurinic-apyrimidinic endonuclease 1) belongs to DNA repair enzymes AP/ExoA family and plays a key role in cellular response to oxidative stress, DNA repair and redox regulation of transcriptional factors. APE1 functions as apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) endodeoxyribonuclease in DNA base excision repair (BER) pathway of DNA lesions induced by oxidative stress, alkylating agents, and ionizing radiation. It participates in DNA demethylation for epigenetic regulation of gene expression and delivers endoribonuclease activity for controlling single-stranded RNA metabolism. APE1 acts as a loading factor for POLB onto non-incised AP sites in DNA for stimulating the 5'-terminal dRp-excision activity of POLB and involve in DNA cleavage step of class switch recombination. Together with HNRNPL or XRCC5/XRCC6 dimer, APE1 associates with nCaRE to acting as an activator of transcriptional repression. When acetylated at Lys-6 and Lys-7, APE1 stimulates YBX1-mediated MDR1 promoter activity resulting in drug resistance. Ape1 functions as a redox factor that maintains transcription factors in an active, reduced state and also function in a redox-independent manner as a transcriptional cofactor to control different cellular fates such as apoptosis, proliferation and differentiation. APE1 stimulates DNA binding of several transcription factors known to be involved in tumor progression such as Fos, Jun, NF-kB, PAX, HIF-1, HLF and p53. Increased APE1 expression is associated with many types of cancers including cervical, ovarian, prostate, rhabdomyosarcomas and germ cell tumors, and APE1 mutation has also been associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.

We have publications tested in 4 confirmed species: Human, Mouse, Rat, Rabbit.

We have publications tested in 9 applications: Block/Neutralize, Chemotaxis, ICC/IF, IF/IHC, IHC, IHC-P, IP, WB, Western Blot.

Showing Publications 1 - 10 of 74. Show All 74 Publications. Collapse Publications.

Publications using NB100-101	Applications	Species
Ito M, Ducasa GM, Molina JD et al. ABCA1 deficiency contributes to podocyte pyroptosis priming via the APE1/IRF1 axis in diabetic kidney disease Scientific reports 2023-06-14 [PMID: 37316538] (IHC, Mouse) Details: 1:500 dilution, fresh sections used	IHC	Mouse
Miner KM, Jamenis AS, Bhatia TN et al. alpha-synucleinopathy exerts sex-dimorphic effects on the multipurpose DNA repair/redox protein APE1 in mice and humans Progress in neurobiology 2022-06-13 [PMID: 35710046]
Qutob H. DNA damage response and anti-apoptotic proteins expression in NPMc+ mutated cells in acute myeloid leukaemia Thesis. 2015-01-23 (ICC/IF, IP, Human)	ICC/IF, IP	Human
Mijit, M;Kpenu, E;Chowdhury, NN;Gampala, S;Wireman, R;Liu, S;Babb, O;Georgiadis, MM;Wan, J;Fishel, ML;Kelley, MR; In vitro and In vivo evidence demonstrating chronic absence of Ref-1 Cysteine 65 impacts Ref-1 folding configuration, redox signaling, proliferation and metastasis in pancreatic cancer Redox biology 2023-12-01 [PMID: 38056311]
Caston RA, Fortini P, Chen K et al. Maintenance of Flap Endonucleases for Long-Patch Base Excision DNA Repair in Mouse Muscle and Neuronal Cells Differentiated In Vitro International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2023-08-12 [PMID: 37628896] (Western Blot)	Western Blot
Mashael Algethami, Michael S. Toss, Corinne L. Woodcock, Chandar Jaipal, Juliette Brownlie, Ahmed Shoqafi, Adel Alblihy, Katia A. Mesquita, Andrew R. Green, Nigel P. Mongan, Jennie N. Jeyapalan, Emad A. Rakha, Srinivasan Madhusudan Unravelling the clinicopathological and functional significance of replication protein A (RPA) heterotrimeric complex in breast cancers NPJ Breast Cancer 2023-03-30 [PMID: 36997566]
Xue Z, Demple B. Knockout and Inhibition of Ape1: Roles of Ape1 in Base Excision DNA Repair and Modulation of Gene Expression Antioxidants (Basel) 2022-09-15 [PMID: 36139891] (Western Blot, Block/Neutralize)	Western Blot, Block/Neutralize
Adel Alblihy, Ahmed Shoqafi, Michael S. Toss, Mashael Algethami, Anna E. Harris, Jennie N. Jeyapalan, Tarek Abdel-Fatah, Juliette Servante, Stephen Y. T. Chan, Andrew Green, Nigel P. Mongan, Emad A. Rakha, Srinivasan Madhusudan Untangling the clinicopathological significance of MRE11-RAD50-NBS1 complex in sporadic breast cancers NPJ Breast Cancer 2021-11-15 [PMID: 34782604]
Kim DV, Kulishova LM, Torgasheva NA et al. Mild phenotype of knockouts of the major apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease APEX1 in a non-cancer human cell line PLOS ONE 2021-09-16 [PMID: 34529719]
Quinones JL, Thapar U, Wilson SH et al. Oxidative DNA-protein crosslinks formed in mammalian cells by abasic site lyases involved in DNA repair DNA Repair (Amst.) 2020-01-09 [PMID: 31945542] (WB, Human)	WB	Human
Zhang, Q;Chao, TC;Patil, VS;Qin, Y;Tiwari, SK;Chiou, J;Dobin, A;Tsai, CM;Li, Z;Dang, J;Gupta, S;Urdahl, K;Nizet, V;Gingeras, TR;Gaulton, KJ;Rana, TM; The long noncoding RNA ROCKI regulates inflammatory gene expression EMBO J. 2019-04-15 [PMID: 30918008] (WB, Human)	WB	Human
Pascut D, Sukowati CHC, Antoniali G et al. Serum AP-endonuclease 1 (sAPE1) as novel biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma Oncotarget 2019-01-08 [PMID: 30719231] (IHC-P, Human)	IHC-P	Human
Kumar S, Talluri S, Pal J et al. Role of apurinic/apyrimidinic nucleases in the regulation of homologous recombination in myeloma: mechanisms and translational significance. Blood Cancer J. 2018-09-25 [PMID: 30301882] (WB, Human)	WB	Human
Logsdon DP, Shah F, Carta F et al. Blocking HIF signaling via novel inhibitors of CA9 and APE1/Ref-1 dramatically affects pancreatic cancer cell survival. Sci Rep 2018-09-13 [PMID: 30214007] (WB, Human)	WB	Human
Fehrenbacher JC, Guo C, Kelley MR, Vasko MR. DNA damage mediates changes in neuronal sensitivity induced by the inflammatory mediators, MCP-1 and LPS, and can be reversed by enhancing the DNA repair function of APE1. Neuroscience. 2017-09-28 [PMID: 28965839] (WB)	WB
Shah F, Logsdon D, Messmann RA et al. Exploiting the Ref-1-APE1 node in cancer signaling and other diseases: from bench to clinic NPJ Precis Oncol 2017-08-21 [PMID: 28825044] (WB, Human)	WB	Human
Sandomenico A, Foca A, Sanguigno L et al. Monoclonal antibodies against pools of mono- and polyacetylated peptides selectively recognize acetylated lysines within the context of the original antigen. MAbs 2016-08-25 [PMID: 27560983] (WB, Human)	WB	Human
Logsdon DP, Grimard M, Luo M et al. Regulation of HIF1alpha under Hypoxia by APE1/Ref-1 Impacts CA9 Expression: Dual-Targeting in Patient-Derived 3D Pancreatic Cancer Models. Mol. Cancer Ther. 2016-08-17 [PMID: 27535970] (WB, Human)	WB	Human
Nassour H, Wang Z, Saad A et al. Peroxiredoxin 1 interacts with and blocks the redox factor APE1 from activating interleukin-8 expression Sci Rep 2016-07-08 [PMID: 27388124]
Poletto M, Legrand AJ, Fletcher SC et al. p53 coordinates base excision repair to prevent genomic instability. Nucleic Acids Res. 2016-01-14 [PMID: 26773055] (WB, Human)	WB	Human
Tarek M.A. Abdel-Fatah, Arvind Arora, Paul M. Moseley, Christina Perry, Emad A. Rakha, Andrew R. Green, Stephen Y.T. Chan, Ian O. Ellis, Srinivasan Madhusudan DNA repair prognostic index modelling reveals an essential role for base excision repair in influencing clinical outcomes in ER negative and triple negative breast cancers Oncotarget 2015-09-08 [PMID: 26267318]
Sanchez JR, Reddick TL, Perez M et al. Increased human AP endonuclease 1 level confers protection against the paternal age effect in mice. Mutat Res 2015-09-01 [PMID: 26201249]
Jason L. Quinones,Upasna Thapar,Kefei Yu et al. Enzyme mechanism-based, oxidative DNA-protein cross-links formed with DNA polymerase beta in vivo. NCBI. 2015-07-14 [PMID: 26124145] (WB, Human, Mouse)	WB	Human, Mouse
Iglesias-Ara A, Zenarruzabeitia O, Buelta L et al. E2F1 and E2F2 prevent replicative stress and subsequent p53-dependent organ involution Cell Death Differ. 2015-02-06 [PMID: 25656653] (WB, Mouse)	WB	Mouse
Das D, Preet R, Mohapatra P et al. 5-Fluorouracil mediated anti-cancer activity in colon cancer cells is through the induction of Adenomatous Polyposis Coli: Implication of the long-patch base excision repair pathway. DnA Repair (Amst.). 2014-11-20 [PMID: 25460919] (WB, Human)	WB	Human
Abdel-Fatah TM, Perry C, Arora A et al. Is there a role for base excision repair in estrogen driven breast cancers? Antioxid. Redox Signal. 2014-08-11 [PMID: 25111287] (IHC-P, Human) Details: Rabbit polyclonal anti-APE1 antibody used for IHC on tissue microarray (TMAs) at a dilution of 1:500, incubated for 1 hour. Citrate buffer (pH6.0) was used as an antigen retrieval reagent (Table 3).	IHC-P	Human
Liu GD, Xia L, Zhu JW et al. Genistein Alleviates Radiation-Induced Pneumonitis by Depressing Ape1/Ref-1 Expression to Down-regulate Inflammatory Cytokines. Cell Biochem. Biophys. 2014-03-23 [PMID: 24659138] (WB, Mouse)	WB	Mouse
Abdel-Fatah TM, Perry C, Moseley P et al. Clinicopathological significance of human apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1) expression in oestrogen-receptor-positive breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2014-01-01 [PMID: 24381055] (IHC-P, Human)	IHC-P	Human
Alagoz M, Wells OS, El-Khamisy SF. TDP1 deficiency sensitizes human cells to base damage via distinct topoisomerase I and PARP mechanisms with potential applications for cancer therapy. Nucleic Acids Res 2013-12-13 [PMID: 24335147] (WB, Human)	WB	Human
Das D, Preet R, Mohapatra P et al. 1,3-Bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea enhances the inhibitory effect of Resveratrol on 5-fluorouracil sensitive/resistant colon cancer cells. World J Gastroenterol. 2013-11-14 [PMID: 24259968] (WB, Human)	WB	Human
Chu TH, Guo A, Wu W. Down-regulation of apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1) in spinal motor neurons under oxidative stress. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2013-07-01 [PMID: 23808792] (WB, IF/IHC, Rat, Mouse)	WB, IF/IHC	Rat, Mouse
Kim HL, Kim SU, Seo YR. A novel role for Gadd45alpha in base excision repair: Modulation of APE1 activity by the direct interaction of Gadd45alpha with PCNA. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2013-02-25 [PMID: 23485469] (WB, Human)	WB	Human
Cardoso AA, Jiang Y, Luo M et al. APE1/Ref-1 regulates STAT3 transcriptional activity and APE1/Ref-1-STAT3 dual-targeting effectively inhibits pancreatic cancer cell survival. PLoS One 2012-01-01 [PMID: 23094050] (WB, Human)	WB	Human
Shaked H, Hofseth LJ, Chumanevich A et al. Chronic epithelial NF-kB activation accelerates APC loss and intestinal tumor initiation through iNOS up-regulation Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2012-08-14 [PMID: 22893683] (IF/IHC, Mouse)	IF/IHC	Mouse
McManus F, Sands W, Diver L et al. APEX1 Regulation of Aldosterone Synthase Gene Transcription Is Disrupted by a Common Polymorphism in Humans Circ Res 2012-05-31 [PMID: 22652909] (Chemotaxis, Human)	Chemotaxis	Human
Lee JW, Jin J, Rha KS, Kim YM. Expression Pattern of Apurinic/Apyrimidinic Endonuclease in Sinonasal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2012-05-29 [PMID: 22645113] (IF/IHC, Human)	IF/IHC	Human
Kadekaro AL, Chen J, Yang J et al. Alpha-Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone Suppresses Oxidative Stress through a p53-Mediated Signaling Pathway in Human Melanocytes Mol Cancer Res 2012-06-01 [PMID: 22622028] (WB, Human)	WB	Human
Farha J, Nara H, Onoda T et al. Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease1/redox factor-1 (Ape1/Ref-1) is essential for IL-21-induced signal transduction through ERK1/2 pathway Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 2012-04-13 [PMID: 22450323] (WB, Mouse)	WB	Mouse
Sultana R, McNeill DR, Abbotts R et al. Synthetic lethal targeting of DNA double-strand break repair deficient cells by human apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease inhibitors Int J Cancer 2012-11-15 [PMID: 22377908] (WB, Human)	WB	Human
Kim YJ, Kim D, Illuzzi JL et al. S-glutathionylation of cysteine 99 in the APE1 protein impairs abasic endonuclease activity. J Mol Biol 2011-12-02 [PMID: 22024594] (WB, Human)	WB	Human
La Maestra S, Kisby GE, Micale RT et al. Cigarette smoke induces DNA damage and alters base-excision repair and tau levels in the brain of neonatal mice. Toxicol Sci 2011-10-01 [PMID: 21778470] (IF/IHC, Mouse)	IF/IHC	Mouse
Vasko MR, Guo C, Thompson EL, Kelley MR. The repair function of the multifunctional DNA repair/redox protein APE1 is neuroprotective after ionizing radiation. DNA Repair (Amst). 2011-09-05 [PMID: 21741887] (WB, Rat)	WB	Rat
Fishel ML, Jiang Y, Rajeshkumar NV et al. Impact of APE1/Ref-1 redox inhibition on pancreatic tumor growth. Mol Cancer Ther. 2011-09-01 [PMID: 21700832] (WB, Human)	WB	Human
Mohammed MZ, Vyjayanti VN, Laughton CA et al. Development and evaluation of human AP endonuclease inhibitors in melanoma and glioma cell lines. Br J Cancer 104(4):653-63. 2011-02-15 [PMID: 21266972] (WB, Human)	WB	Human
Vrouwe MG, Pines A, Overmeer RM et al. UV-induced photolesions elicit ATR-kinase-dependent signaling in non-cycling cells through nucleotide excision repair-dependent and -independent pathways. J Cell Sci 2011-02-01 [PMID: 21224401] (Human)		Human
Al-Attar A, Gossage L, Fareed KR et al. Human apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease (APE1) is a prognostic factor in ovarian, gastro-oesophageal and pancreatico-biliary cancers. Br J Cancer 2010-02-16 [PMID: 20087352] (Human)		Human
Yan T, Seo Y, Kinsella TJ et al. Differential cellular responses to prolonged LDR-IR in MLH1-proficient and MLH1-deficient colorectal cancer HCT116 cells. Clin Cancer Res 2009-11-01 [PMID: 19861440] (WB, Human)	WB	Human
Lee HM, Yuk JM, Shin DM et al. Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 is a key modulator of keratinocyte inflammatory responses. J Immunol 183(10):6839-48. 2009-11-15 [PMID: 19846872] (ICC/IF, IF/IHC, Human)	ICC/IF, IF/IHC	Human
Lam W, Bussom S, Cheng Y-C. Effect of hypoxia on the expression of phosphoglycerate kinase antitumor activity of troxacitabine gemcitabine in non-small cell lung carcinoma. Mol Cancer Ther;8(2):415-423. 2009-01-01 [PMID: 19208827] (ICC/IF, Human)	ICC/IF	Human
Yang Z, Yang S, Misner BJ et al. Nitric oxide initiates progression of human melanoma via a feedback loop mediated by apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease-1/redox factor-1, which is inhibited by resveratrol. Mol Cancer Ther 7(12):3751-60. 2008-12-01 [PMID: 19074850] (WB, Human)	WB	Human
Szczesny B, Tann AW, Longley MJ et al. Long patch base excision repair in mammalian mitochondrial genomes. J Biol Chem 2008-09-01 [PMID: 18635552] (WB, Mouse, Human)	WB	Mouse, Human
Wang S, Xing Z, Vosler PS et al. Cellular NAD replenishment confers marked neuroprotection against ischemic cell death: role of enhanced DNA repair. Stroke 39(9):2587-95. 2008-09-01 [PMID: 18617666] (WB, Rat)	WB	Rat
Raffoul, JJ et al. Down-regulation of Apurinic/Apyrimidinic Endonuclease 1/Redox Factor-1 Expression by Soy Isoflavones Enhances Prostate Cancer Radiotherapy In vitro In vivo. Cancer Res 67: 2141-2149. 2007-01-01 [PMID: 17332344] (WB, ICC/IF, IHC-P, Human, Mouse)	WB, ICC/IF, IHC-P	Human, Mouse
Yang B, Chen K, Zhang C et al. Virion-associated uracil DNA glycosylase-2 and apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease are involved in the degradation of APOBEC3G-edited nascent HIV-1 DNA. J Biol Chem 2007-04-20 [PMID: 17272283] (WB, Human)	WB	Human
Briegert, M, Kaina, B. Human monocytes, but not dendritic cells derived from them, are defective in base excision repair and hypersensitive to methylating agents. Cancer Res;67(1):26-31. 2007-01-01 [PMID: 17210680] (WB, Human)	WB	Human
O'Hara, A M et al. Interleukin-8 induction by Helicobacter pylori in gastric epithelial cells is dependent on apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease-1/redox factor-1. J Immunol;177(11):7990-9. 2006-12-01 [PMID: 17114472] (WB, Human)	WB	Human
Akbari M, Otterlei M, Pena-Diaz J, Krokan HE. Different organization of base excision repair of uracil in DNA in nuclei and mitochondria and selective upregulation of mitochondrial uracil-DNA glycosylase after oxidative stress. Neuroscience 2007-04-14 [PMID: 17101234]
Zou, GM et al. Ape1 regulates hematopoietic differentiation of embryonic stem cells through its redox functional domain. Blood;109(5):1917-22. 2007-03-01 [PMID: 17053053] (WB, Mouse)	WB	Mouse
Cabelof, D C et al. Age-related loss of the DNA repair response following exposure to oxidative stress. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci;61(5):427-34. 2006-05-01 [PMID: 16720738] (Mouse)		Mouse
Lam, W et al. Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease-1 protein level is associated with the cytotoxicity of L-configuration deoxycytidine analogs (troxacitabine and beta-L-2',3'-dideoxy-2',3'-didehydro-5-fluorocytidine) but not D-configuration deoxycytidine analogs (gemcitabine and beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine). Mol Pharmacol;69(5):1607-14. 2006-05-01 [PMID: 16481390] (ICC/IF, Human)	ICC/IF	Human
O'reilly, M et al. p21(Cip1/WAF1/Sdi1) does not affect expression of base excision DNA repair enzymes during chronic oxidative stress. Antioxid Redox Signal. 7(5-6):719-25. 2005-05-01 [PMID: 15890018] (Human, Mouse)		Human, Mouse
Akbari, M et al. Repair of U/G and U/A in DNA by UNG2-associated repair complexes takes place predominantly by short-patch repair both in proliferating and growth-arrested cells. Nucleic Acids Res;32(18):5486-98. 2004-10-12 [PMID: 15479784] (WB, Human)	WB	Human
Takahashi, G et al. MCI-186 reduces oxidative cellular damage and increases DNA repair function in the rabbit spinal cord after transient ischemia. Ann Thorac Surg;78(2):602-7. 2004-08-01 [PMID: 15276530] (IF/IHC, Rabbit)	IF/IHC	Rabbit
Freitas, S, M et al. Studies of apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease/ref-1 expression in epithelial ovarian cancer: correlations with tumor progression and platinum resistance. Clin Cancer Res;9(13):4689-94. 2003-10-15 [PMID: 14581338] (WB, IHC-P, Human)	WB, IHC-P	Human
Silber, J et al. The apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease activity of Ape1/Ref-1 contributes to human glioma cell resistance to alkylating agents and is elevated by oxidative stress. Clin Cancer Res. 2002-01-01 [PMID: 12231548] (WB, Human)	WB	Human
Bobola, M et al. Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease activity is elevated in human adult gliomas. Clin Cancer Res;7(11):3510-8. 2001-11-01 [PMID: 11705870] (WB, Human)	WB	Human
Taverna, P et al. Methoxyamine potentiates DNA single strand breaks and double strand breaks induced by temozolomide in colon cancer cells. Mutat Res;485(4):269-81. 2001-05-10 [PMID: 11585361] (Human)		Human
Kelley, M, Parsons, S. Redox regulation of the DNA repair function of the human AP endonuclease Ape1/ref-1. Antioxid Redox Signal;3(4):671-83. 2001-08-01 [PMID: 11554453] (Human)		Human
Cappelli, E et al. Rates of base excision repair are not solely dependent on levels of initiating enzymes. Carcinogenesis;22(3):387-93. 2001-03-01 [PMID: 11238177] (WB, Human)	WB	Human
Tell, G et al. Mitochondrial localization of APE/Ref-1 in thyroid cells. Mutat Res;485(2):143-52. 2001-03-07 [PMID: 11182545] (Rat)		Rat
Chang, Y et al. Neuroprotective effects of an antioxidant in cortical cerebral ischemia: prevention of early reduction of the apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease DNA repair enzyme. Neurosci Lett;277(1):61-4. 1999-12-17 [PMID: 10643898] (Mouse)		Mouse
Fujimura, M et al. Copper-zinc superoxide dismutase prevents the early decrease of apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease and subsequent DNA fragmentation after transient focal cerebral ischemia in mice. Stroke 30(11):2408-15. 1999-11-01 [PMID: 10548678] (WB, IF/IHC, Mouse)	WB, IF/IHC	Mouse
Morita-Fujimura, Y et al. Early decrease in apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease is followed by DNA fragmentation after cold injury-induced brain trauma in mice. Neuroscience 93(4):1465-73. 1999-01-01 [PMID: 10501471] (Mouse)		Mouse
Kawase, M et al. Reduction of apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease expression after transient global cerebral ischemia in rats: implication of the failure of DNA repair in neuronal apoptosis. Stroke 30(2):441-8; discussion 449. 1999-02-01 [PMID: 9933285] (IF/IHC, WB, Rat)	IF/IHC, WB	Rat
Show All 74 Publications. Collapse Publications.

Images	Ratings	Applications	Species	Date	Details
Enlarge	5 reviewed by: Amanpreet Kaur	WB	Human	11/20/2014	View Summary Application Western Blot Sample Tested Melanoma whole cell lysate Species Human Lot I-1
Enlarge	5 reviewed by: Svetlana Khoronenkova	IF	Human	07/31/2014	View Summary Application Immunofluorescence Sample Tested HeLa cells Species Human Lot H-2
Enlarge	5 reviewed by: Simon Kaja	WB	Human	02/28/2014	View Summary Application Western Blot Sample Tested SH-SY5Y lysate (nuclear extract) Species Human Lot H-1

Array NB100-101

• APE Antibodies
• APE Antibody Pack
• APE Lysates
• APE Proteins