GFAP Antibody (GA-5)

Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) is a class III intermediate filament protein that is largely expressed in astrocytes in addition to non-myelinating Schwann cells and glial cells (1,2). Other members of the type III intermediate filament family include desmin, peripherin, and vimentin (2-4). GFAP was first identified in the brains of multiple sclerosis patients (2). Human GFAP protein is 432 amino acids in length with a theoretical molecular weight of ~50 kDa (1,3). GFAP has at least 10 known isoforms, with the most prevalent and common in the brain being GFAP-alpha which is made of a head domain, a rod domain with four coils (1A, 1B, 2A, 2B) joined by linker regions, and a tail domain (1). GFAP is a marker of mature astrocytes, but is also expressed throughout development in both fetal and adult neural stem cells (2). While the exact function of GFAP is still elusive, it has been shown to play a role in cellular processes such as migration, mitosis, structural integrity, and signaling (2).

An increase in GFAP levels is often associated with neuroinflammation which results in the activation and proliferation of astroglia cell population (1,2). GFAP expression is also observed in brains of patients with neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, epilepsy disorders, and brain injuries (1-4). Lesion sites associated with neurodegeneration can exhibit an array of gliosis characteristics from glial scarring with reduced astrocyte proliferation to activated, GFAP-positive astrocytes surrounding amyloid plaques (2). Furthermore, the GFAP gene is a target of single nucleotide polymorphisms in the coding region, considered a gain-of-function mutation, characterized by astrocytic inclusions, termed Rosenthal fibers, resulting in Alexander Disease (1-4). GFAP is also a center of many post-translational modifications, such as phosphorylation, which can alter various aspects of filament assembly (1,4).

References

1. Yang, Z., & Wang, K. K. (2015). Glial fibrillary acidic protein: from intermediate filament assembly and gliosis to neurobiomarker. Trends in Neurosciences. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tins.2015.04.003

2. Hol, E. M., & Capetanaki, Y. (2017). Type III Intermediate Filaments Desmin, Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP), Vimentin, and Peripherin. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology. https://doi.org/10.1101/cshperspect.a021642

3. Potokar, M., Morita, M., Wiche, G., & Jorgacevski, J. (2020). The Diversity of Intermediate Filaments in Astrocytes. Cells. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells9071604

4. Viedma-Poyatos, a., Pajares, M. A., & Perez-Sala, D. (2020). Type III intermediate filaments as targets and effectors of electrophiles and oxidants. Redox Biology. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.redox.2020.101582

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.

We have publications tested in 3 confirmed species: Human, Mouse, Rat.

We have publications tested in 8 applications: FLOW, ICC/IF, IF/IHC, IHC, IHC-Fr, IHC-P, Immunohistochemistry, WB.

Showing Publications 1 - 10 of 21. Show All 21 Publications. Collapse Publications.

Publications using NBP2-29415	Applications	Species
Chen Y, Wu XL, Hu HB et al. Neuronal MeCP2 in the dentate gyrus regulates mossy fiber sprouting of mice with temporal lobe epilepsy Neurobiology of disease 2023-11-01 [PMID: 37931884] (IHC, Mouse) Details: Dilution 1:2000	IHC	Mouse
Johnson M, Bell A, Lauing KL et al. Advanced age in humans and mouse models of glioblastoma show decreased survival from extratumoral influence Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research 2023-09-19 [PMID: 37725593] (FLOW, Mouse)	FLOW	Mouse
Hamilton HL, Kinscherf NA, Balmer G et al. FABP7 drives an inflammatory response in human astrocytes and is upregulated in Alzheimer's disease GeroScience 2023-09-09 [PMID: 37688656] (IHC-P, Mouse)	IHC-P	Mouse
Kremsky I, Ali S, Stanbouly S et al. Spaceflight-Induced Gene Expression Profiles in the Mouse Brain Are Attenuated by Treatment with the Antioxidant BuOE Int J Mol Sci 2023-09-01 [PMID: 37686374]
Kim EJ, Kim JY, Kim SO et al. The oncogenic JAG1 intracellular domain is a transcriptional cofactor that acts in concert with DDX17/SMAD3/TGIF2 Cell reports 2022-11-22 [PMID: 36417870] (WB, Human)	WB	Human
Pla L, K�hne BA, Guardia-Escote L et al. Protocols for the Evaluation of Neurodevelopmental Alterations in Rabbit Models In Vitro and In Vivo Frontiers in Toxicology 2022-07-22 [PMID: 35936386] (Immunohistochemistry)	Immunohistochemistry
Guo Y, Chomiak AA, Hong Y et al. Histone H2A ubiquitination resulting from Brap loss of function connects multiple aging hallmarks and accelerates neurodegeneration iScience 2022-07-15 [PMID: 35754718] (WB, Mouse)	WB	Mouse
Chomiak AA, Guo Y, Kopsidas CA et al. Nde1 is required for heterochromatin compaction and stability in neocortical neurons iScience 2022-06-17 [PMID: 35601919]
Daniel Z. Radecki, Heather M. Messling, James R. Haggerty-Skeans, Sai Krishna Bhamidipati, Elizabeth D. Clawson, Christian A. Overman, Madison M. Thatcher, James L. Salzer, Jayshree Samanta Relative Levels of Gli1 and Gli2 Determine the Response of Ventral Neural Stem Cells to Demyelination Stem Cell Reports 2020-10-29 [PMID: 33125874]
Liu L, Killoy Km, Vargas Mr Et Al. Effects of RAGE inhibition on the progression of the disease in hSOD1G93A ALS mice Pharmacol Res Perspect 2020-08-01 [PMID: 32776498] (IHC-P, Mouse)	IHC-P	Mouse
Killoy KM, Harlan BA, Pehar M, Vargas MR FABP7 upregulation induces a neurotoxic phenotype in astrocytes Glia 2020-07-03 [PMID: 32619303] (Mouse)		Mouse
Harlan B, Killoy K, Pehar M et al. Evaluation of the NAD+ biosynthetic pathway in ALS patients and effect of modulating NAD+ levels in hSOD1-linked ALS mouse models Experimental Neurology 2020-01-01 [PMID: 32014438] (IHC-P, Mouse)	IHC-P	Mouse
Heller JP, Rusakov DA. A Method to Visualize the Nanoscopic Morphology of Astrocytes In Vitro and In Situ. Methods Mol. Biol. 2019-01-09 [PMID: 30617973] (IF/IHC, Rat)	IF/IHC	Rat
Aydin M, Yigit E, Vatandaslar E et al. Transfer and Integration of Breast Milk Stem Cells to the Brain of Suckling Pups Sci Rep 2018-11-13 [PMID: 30250150] (IHC-Fr, Mouse) Details: Using the Azide and BSA Free form of this antibody.	IHC-Fr	Mouse
Mann A, Portnoy E, Han H et al. Folate homeostasis in epileptic rats. Epilepsy Res. 2018-05-01 [PMID: 29571151] (Rat)		Rat
Jin L, Ding M, Oklopcic A et al. Nanoparticle fullerol alleviates radiculopathy via NLRP3 inflammasome and neuropeptides. Nanomedicine 2017-08-01 [PMID: 28404518] (IF/IHC, Mouse) Details: This citation used the Azide and BSA Free version of this antibody.	IF/IHC	Mouse
Tobin VA, Bull PM, Arunachalam S et al. The effects of apelin on the electrical activity of hypothalamic magnocellular vasopressin and oxytocin neurons and somatodendritic Peptide release. Endocrinology. 2008-12-01 [PMID: 18703633] (IHC-Fr, Rat) Details: IHC (cryosections), rat hypothalamic and pituitary tissue sections, Fig. 1A.	IHC-Fr	Rat
Moffet J, Fatunla O, Freytag L et al. Recapitulating thyroid cancer histotypes through engineering embryonic stem cells bioRxiv 2023-03-15 (IHC-P, Human) Details: Citation using the version of this antibody.	IHC-P	Human
Heller JP, Michaluk P, Sugao K, Rusakov DA. Probing nano-organization of astroglia with multi-color super-resolution microscopy. J. Neurosci. Res. 2017-02-02 [PMID: 28151556] (ICC/IF, IF/IHC, Rat)	ICC/IF, IF/IHC	Rat
Portnoy E, Polyak B, Inbar D et al. Tracking inflammation in the epileptic rat brain by bi-functional fluorescent and magnetic nanoparticles. Nanomedicine. 2016-03-07 [PMID: 26964483] (IHC-Fr, Rat)	IHC-Fr	Rat
Heller JP, Rusakov DA. Morphological plasticity of astroglia: Understanding synaptic microenvironment. Glia. 2015-03-18 [PMID: 25782611] (ICC/IF, Rat)	ICC/IF	Rat
Show All 21 Publications. Collapse Publications.

Images	Ratings	Applications	Species	Date	Details
	5 reviewed by: Verified Customer	IHC-P	Human	09/14/2023	View Summary Application Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin Sample Tested Adult brain Species Human Lot 2670-1P190129 Comments Comments antigen retrieval in a basic buffer x200 (1ug/mL) BOND refine kit
	3 reviewed by: Verified Customer	ICC	Mouse	09/11/2017	View Summary Application Immunocytochemistry Sample Tested Embryonic cortical glial cells Species Mouse Lot 2670-1P161019
Enlarge	5 reviewed by: Janosch Heller	ICC	Rat	03/27/2017	View Summary Application Immunocytochemistry Sample Tested Cultured rat hippocampal neurons Species Rat Comments Comments Fixation: 3% formaldehyde (TAAB) in PBS, 15 minutes RT Blocking: 10% donkey serum in PBS, 1 hour RT Permeabilization: 0.2% Triton-X100 Primary Antibody: 1:100 in 5% horse serum in PBS with 0.2% Triton, overnight, 4°C Wash: three times wash with PBS with 0.2% Triton, 10 min each Secondary Antibody: Invitrogen goat anti-mouse Alexa568, 1:500 in PBS with 0.2% Triton, 2 hours, RT Wash: three times wash with PBS, 10 min each Microscope: Confocal (Zeiss LSM710) The antibody labeld intermediate filaments in cultured astrocytes.

Array NBP2-29415

• GFAP Antibodies
• GFAP ELISA Kits
• GFAP Lysate
• GFAP Proteins
• GFAP ELISA