GFAP Antibody (012)

Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) is a class III intermediate filament protein that is largely expressed in astrocytes in addition to non-myelinating Schwann cells and glial cells (1,2). Other members of the type III intermediate filament family include desmin, peripherin, and vimentin (2-4). GFAP was first identified in the brains of multiple sclerosis patients (2). Human GFAP protein is 432 amino acids in length with a theoretical molecular weight of ~50 kDa (1,3). GFAP has at least 10 known isoforms, with the most prevalent and common in the brain being GFAP-alpha which is made of a head domain, a rod domain with four coils (1A, 1B, 2A, 2B) joined by linker regions, and a tail domain (1). GFAP is a marker of mature astrocytes, but is also expressed throughout development in both fetal and adult neural stem cells (2). While the exact function of GFAP is still elusive, it has been shown to play a role in cellular processes such as migration, mitosis, structural integrity, and signaling (2).

An increase in GFAP levels is often associated with neuroinflammation which results in the activation and proliferation of astroglia cell population (1,2). GFAP expression is also observed in brains of patients with neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, epilepsy disorders, and brain injuries (1-4). Lesion sites associated with neurodegeneration can exhibit an array of gliosis characteristics from glial scarring with reduced astrocyte proliferation to activated, GFAP-positive astrocytes surrounding amyloid plaques (2). Furthermore, the GFAP gene is a target of single nucleotide polymorphisms in the coding region, considered a gain-of-function mutation, characterized by astrocytic inclusions, termed Rosenthal fibers, resulting in Alexander Disease (1-4). GFAP is also a center of many post-translational modifications, such as phosphorylation, which can alter various aspects of filament assembly (1,4).

References

1. Yang, Z., & Wang, K. K. (2015). Glial fibrillary acidic protein: from intermediate filament assembly and gliosis to neurobiomarker. Trends in Neurosciences. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tins.2015.04.003

2. Hol, E. M., & Capetanaki, Y. (2017). Type III Intermediate Filaments Desmin, Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP), Vimentin, and Peripherin. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology. https://doi.org/10.1101/cshperspect.a021642

3. Potokar, M., Morita, M., Wiche, G., & Jorgacevski, J. (2020). The Diversity of Intermediate Filaments in Astrocytes. Cells. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells9071604

4. Viedma-Poyatos, a., Pajares, M. A., & Perez-Sala, D. (2020). Type III intermediate filaments as targets and effectors of electrophiles and oxidants. Redox Biology. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.redox.2020.101582

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.

We have publications tested in 4 confirmed species: Human, Mouse, Rat, Feline.

We have publications tested in 7 applications: ICC/IF, IHC, IHC-Fr, IHC-FrFl, IHC-P, WB, Western Blot.

Showing Publications 1 - 10 of 17. Show All 17 Publications. Collapse Publications.

Publications using NBP2-89203	Applications	Species
Weingarten A, Madjou T, Yeturu S et al. The absence of a neurogenic response to a repeated concussive-like injury in mice bioRxiv 2023-01-19
Na D, Yang Y, Xie L et al. Neuroinflammation in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease versus Auditory Dysfunction: Machine Learning Interpretation and Analysis Research square 2023-09-27 [PMID: 37841847] (IHC, Mouse)	IHC	Mouse
Apostolopoulou EP, Raikos N, Vlemmas I et al. Metallothionein I/II Expression and Metal Ion Levels in Correlation with Amyloid Beta Deposits in the Aged Feline Brain Brain sciences 2023-07-22 [PMID: 37509045] (IHC-P, Feline) Details: 1:200 IHC-P dilution	IHC-P	Feline
de Paiva IHR, da Silva RS, Mendonça IP et al. Fructooligosaccharide (FOS) and Galactooligosaccharide (GOS) Improve Neuroinflammation and Cognition By Up-regulating IRS/PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway in Diet-induced Obese Mice Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology 2023-06-29 [PMID: 37382830]
Leem YH, Kim DY, Park JE, Kim HS Necrosulfonamide exerts neuroprotective effect by inhibiting necroptosis, neuroinflammation, and ?-synuclein oligomerization in a subacute MPTP mouse model of Parkinson's disease Scientific reports 2023-05-31 [PMID: 37258791] (IHC, Mouse)	IHC	Mouse
Kang T, Cha GD, Park OK et al. Penetrative and Sustained Drug Delivery Using Injectable Hydrogel Nanocomposites for Postsurgical Brain Tumor Treatment ACS nano 2023-03-28 [PMID: 36926815]
Tchantchou F, Hsia RC, Puche A, Fiskum G Hippocampal vulnerability to hyperhomocysteinemia worsens pathological outcomes of mild traumatic brain injury in rats Journal of central nervous system disease 2023-03-06 [PMID: 36909831] (IHC-FrFl, Rat) Details: Dilution: 1:3000	IHC-FrFl	Rat
Zampieri BL, Costa ACS Evidence of Energy Metabolism Alterations in Cultured Neonatal Astrocytes Derived from the Ts65Dn Mouse Model of Down Syndrome Brain sciences Jan 6 2022 [PMID: 35053826] (ICC/IF, Mouse)	ICC/IF	Mouse
Perez Garcia G, Perez GM, Otero-Pagan A et al. Transcranial Laser Therapy Does Not Improve Cognitive and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder-Related Behavioral Traits in Rats Exposed to Repetitive Low-Level Blast Injury Neurotrauma reports Dec 2 2021 [PMID: 34901948] (IHC-Fr, Human)	IHC-Fr	Human
Wang J, Li X, Wang C Et al. Exposure to di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate reduces secretion of GDNF via interfering with estrogen pathway and downregulating ERK/c-fos signaling pathway in astrocytes Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association Oct 5 2021 [PMID: 34624416]
Mondal A, Saha P, Bose D Et al. Environmental Microcystin exposure in underlying NAFLD-induced exacerbation of neuroinflammation, blood-brain barrier dysfunction, and neurodegeneration are NLRP3 and S100B dependent Toxicology Aug 17 2021 [PMID: 34416350]
Kin I, Sasaki T, Yasuhara T Et Al. Vagus Nerve Stimulation with Mild Stimulation Intensity Exerts Anti-Inflammatory and Neuroprotective Effects in Parkinson s Disease Model Rats Biomedicines Jul 7 2021 [PMID: 34356853] (IHC)	IHC
Teng Y, Liu Z, Chen X et al. Conditional deficiency of m6A methyltransferase Mettl14 in substantia nigra alters dopaminergic neuron function Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine 2021-09-01 [PMID: 34288397] (Western Blot)	Western Blot
Sevim C, Akpinar E, Tsatsakis A Et al. Investigation of the Effects of Probiotics on Sub-Chronic Neonicotinoid Toxicity in Rats Agronomy Oct 3 2021 (IHC-P)	IHC-P
Teng Y, Liu Z, Chen X Et Al. Conditional deficiency of m6A methyltransferase Mettl14 in substantia nigra alters dopaminergic neuron function Journal of cellular and molecular medicine Jul 21 2021 [PMID: 34288397] (WB)	WB
Kopsidas C, Lowe C, McDaniel D et al. Sustained Generation of Neurons Destined for Neocortex with Oxidative Metabolic Upregulation upon Filamin Abrogation bioRxiv 2023-08-14
Tseng K, Stratoulias V, Hu W et al. Augmenting hematoma-scavenging capacity of innate immune cells by CDNF reduces brain injury and promotes functional recovery after intracerebral hemorrhage Research Square Jul 6 2022
Show All 17 Publications. Collapse Publications.

Array NBP2-89203

• GFAP Antibodies
• GFAP ELISA Kits
• GFAP Lysate
• GFAP Proteins
• GFAP ELISA