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NB100-2220

LC3B Antibody - BSA Free

(51 Reviews)

(1669 Publications)

0.1 ml

NB100-2220

Lysates of HeLa parental cell line and LC3B knockout HeLa cell line (KO) untreated (-) or treated (+) with 50 uM CQ for 18 hours. PVDF (Polyvinylidene difluoride) membrane was probed with 0.5 ug/mL of Rabbit Anti-LC3B Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # NB100-2220) followed by HRP-conjugated Anti-Rabbit IgG Secondary Antibody (Catalog# HAF008). A specific band was detected for LC3B at a molecular weight of approximately 15 kDa (as indicated) in the parental HeLa cell line, but is not detectable in the knockout HeLa cell line. GAPDH is shown as a loading control. This experiment was conducted under reducing conditions.

<b>Genetic Strategies Validation. </b>LC3B was detected in immersion fixed CQ treated HeLa cells (left) but was not detected in LC3B knockout HeLa cells (right) using rabbit anti-human LC3B polyclonal antibody (Catalog #NB100-2220) at 0.3 ug/mL for 3 hours at room temperature. Cells were stained using the NorthernLights(TM) 557-conjugated anti-Rabbit IgG Secondary Antibody (red; Catalog # NL004) and counterstained with DAPI (blue). Specific staining was localized to cytoplasm.

<b>Biological Strategies Validation. </b>Contribution of autophagy to lipid droplet formation in WT and KO NSC34 cells.(A) WT and KO NSC 34 cells were treated with (+) or without (-) bafilomycin A (bafA) under basal or HBSS starvation conditions for 4 h and blotted for p62, LC3, and GAPDH. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32321733) licensed under a CC-BY license.

TMEM16A inhibited AngII-induced autophagy in aortas. (D) Representative immunofluorescence staining of LC3 (green) and a-SMA (red) in aortas. Scale bars, 20 um. Quantification of LC3B puncta. Five random fields (2,500 um2/filed) were measured in one section. **P < 0.01 vs. sham + TMcon; ##P < 0.01 vs. AngII + TMcon, one-way ANOVA. n = 14 sections from seven mice per group. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32226533) licensed under a CC-BY license.

LC3 accumulation in muscle fibers from patients with PAD (row B - E). Normal fibers from a Non-PAD sample (row A). Scale bar = 100 uM. Image from verified customer review.

Localization of LC3 by immunohistochemical method. The immunohistochemical staining shows that LC3, CRF, and HIF-1alpha have an overlapping localization in villous and extravillous trophoblast. d: decidua; v: villi; DeVe: decidual vessel. Original magnification 40x. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//www.hindawi.com/journals/bmri/2013/689768/) licensed under a CC-BY license.

Detection of LC3B in mouse ES cell lysates using Rabbit anti- [Catalog # NB100-2220]. LC3 detected at a molecular weight of approximately 17 kDa. Atg5-/- ES cells from Dr. Noboru Mizushima [Mizushima, N. et al. J. Cell Biol. 152 (2001)] Photo courtesy of Dr. Beth Levine, UT SW Medical Center.

ORP1L and VAP-A form cholesterol-dependent ER-AV contact sites MelJuSo cells expressing GFP or GFP-tagged ORP1L mutants were fixed and stained for LC3 and Calnexin. Y477 and D478 in the FFAT motif were mutated to alanines in the ORP1L ydaa mutant. Scale bar, 10 um. Right: co-immunoprecipitation for ORP1L (mutants) with VAP-A. GFP-ORP1L mutants or GFP were isolated from lysates of HEK293T cells co-overexpressing HA-VAPA using GFP-Trap beads. Western blot filters were probed for isolated GFP-tagged proteins, the associated HA-VAP-A and the input HA-VAP-A, as indicated. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//www.nature.com/doifinder/10.1038/ncomms11808), licensed under a CC-BY license.

<b>Biological Strategies Validation. </b>Lysates of mouse NIH3T3 and rat PC-12 cell lines untreated (-) or treated (+) with CQ. PVDF (Polyvinylidene difluoride) membrane was probed with 0.5 ug/mL rabbit anti-LC3B polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # NB100-2220, Novus Biologicals), followed by 1:2000 dilution of goat anti-rabbit IgG secondary antibody. LC3 detected at a molecular weight of approximately 15 kDa in treated NIH3T3 and PC-12 cells.

<b>Biological Strategies Validation. </b>Detection of LC3I and LC3II in mouse cochlea cell line SV-K1 using Rabbit anti- [Catalog # NB100-2220]. Cells were treated with CQ (1 uM), and As2O3 (1 uM) for 24 hrs. Image from verified customer review.

Autophagy Investigation. (A) Representative WBs (Western Blots) of LC3B-I, LC3B-II and GAPDH loading control in DANs derived from 4 iPD patients and 4 healthy controls. (B) WBs from three independent experiments were quantified by densitometry and LC3B-II normalized to a loading control. Grouping of data by healthy vs iPD as well as iPD stratified for T/T and C/C genotype. (C) Ratio of LC3B-II (normalized to loading control) following bafilomycin treatment/untreated. Citation: Marrone L, Bus C, Schondorf D, Fitzgerald JC, Kubler M, Schmid B, et al. (2018) Generation of iPSCs carrying a common LRRK2 risk allele for in vitro modeling of idiopathic Parkinson's disease. PLoS ONE 13(3): e0192497. //doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0192497

<b>Biological Strategies Validation. </b>Expression of autophagic protein LC3 in BME-UV1 cells forming acinar structures on Matrigel. Representative images of Western blot analysis of LC3 in bovine MECs grown in 3D culture for 3, 6, 9, and 14 days in differentiation medium (control), enriched with 17beta-estradiol (E2, 1 nM), progesterone (P4, 5 ng/mL), or both (E + P); expression of beta-actin was used as a loading control; graphs below the images show the results of densitometric analysis, in which IOD of each band was measured, and the values were normalized to IOD of beta-actin; the IOD results are presented as means +/- SEM from at least three separate experiments. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//www.hindawi.com/journals/bmri/2014/382653/) licensed under a CC-BY license.

GNA triggers the formation of autophagic markers in A549 and HeLa cell. Effects of GNA on LC3 protein. A549 cells were treated with various concentrations of GNA for 24 hours or 3 uM GNA for the indicated periods of time, then analyzed by western blotting using anti-LC3 antibodies. GAPDH protein was used as the loading control. The bar graph shows the band intensities of LC3-II relative to those of GAPDH. Mean+/- SEM, n = 3, *means p<0.05, ** p<0.01, one-way ANOVA. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0083604), licensed under a CC-BY license.

Autophagosomes accumulate in neurons of the VH gray matter at day 1 after SCI. Representative images of IHC staining for LC3 (green) and neuronal marker NeuN (red) in VH of gray matter from sham and SCI animals. Stronger co-localization between NeuN and LC3 is apparent at day 1 after SCI. Scale bar is 20 um. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//www.nature.com/articles/cddis2014527) licensed under a CC-BY license.

Autophagosomes accumulate in microglia and oligodendrocytes of the dorsal white matter adjacent to injury after SCI. Representative images of IHC staining for LC3 (green) and activated microglia marker CD11B (red) in dorsal white matter of sham and SCI animals. Increased co-localization between LC3 and CD11B is apparent at day 1 after SCI. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//www.nature.com/articles/cddis2014527) licensed under a CC-BY license.

Staining of rat brain tissue section. Analysis using Rabbit anti-LC3B Antibody [Catalog # NB100-2220]. Image from verified customer review.

Human ovarian Cancer tissue stained using heat mediated antigen retrieval in pH 6.0 citrate buffer at 1:200 dilution. Image provided by verified customer review.

FFPE (Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded) tissue section of mouse brain using 1:200 dilution of Rabbit anti-LC3B antibody [Catalog # NB100-2220]. The specific signal of LC3 was detected using HRP-conjugated secondary antibody with DAB (3, 3 -diaminobenzidine) reagent, and nuclei of cells were counterstained using hematoxylin. This LC3B antibody generated a low to moderate levels of cytoplasmic staining in the glial cells. The neurons depicted a moderate to strong staining for LC3 in their cytoplasm.

Analysis using the Biotin conjugate of Rabbit anti-LC3B Antibody [Catalog # NB100-2220]. Staining of brain, cerebral cortex, neurons with cell processes.

SCI leads to lysosomal dysfunction. Representative high magnification images ( x 60) of LC3 (green) and CTSD (red) staining in VH of gray matter from sham and day 1 SCI animals. Decrease in number and intensity of CTSD puncta (lysosomes) and increase in LC3 puncta (autophagosomes) is apparent after SCI. Scale bar is 10 um. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//www.nature.com/articles/cddis2014527) licensed under a CC-BY license.

Image shows a specific band for LC3B at a molecular weight of approximately 15 kDa in 0.5 mg/mL of Neuro2A lysate. This experiment was performed under reducing conditions using the 12-230 kDa separation system.

LILRB2 antagonism effects on the bactericidal function of the MDSCs are independent of autophagy. (B) Lysates of cells from panel A were collected at 18 h and analyzed using Western blot for the autophagy marker, microtublue-associated light chain-3 (LC3). Lipidation is indicated by LC3-II. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35757769), licensed under a CC-BY licence.

$CQ-induced autophagy inhibition leads to Nrf2 pathway activation in C2C12 muscle cells. a. Treatment of differentiated C2C12 myotubes with autophagy inhibitor CQ increased the sarcoplasmic level of LC3-II and SQSTM1 proteins in a dose- and time-dependent manner, indicating effective inhibition of the autophagic flux. Autophagy inhibition was accompanied by a slight decrease in the sarcoplasmic level of the soluble Keap1 protein (possibly reflecting its sequestration into insoluble protein aggregates) and an increase in the nuclear level of Nrf2 protein. GAPDH and lamin B were used as loading controls for sarcoplasmic and nuclear protein-enriched fractions, respectively; a representative of 3 independent experiments is shown. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//actaneurocomms.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40478-016-0384-6), licensed under a CC-BY licence.$

Accumulation of an autophagosome marker in the presynaptic terminals of NMJs of SOD1G93A mice (A) Representative confocal micrographs of immunohistochemistry showing accumulation of the autophagosome marker LC3 (grayscale in left panels, green in right panels) in presynaptic terminals of diaphragm NMJs in SOD1G93A mice at P120, but not at NMJs of wild-type mice at P140. Nerves were stained using anti-neurofilament and anti-SV2 antibodies (blue), and postsynaptic acetylcholine receptors were labeled with Alexa 594-conjugated alpha-bungarotoxin (red). In these cross-section images of NMJs, presynaptic terminals are above the bungarotoxin signal, and postsynaptic myotubes are below the bungarotoxin signal. Scale bar: 10 um. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28890682), licensed under a CC-BY licence.

CAIX expression in PDAC and association with outcomeA. Representative images of immunohistochemical staining showing: negative expression of CAIX in both tumor cell and stromal compartments (top left), positive expression of CAIX in tumor cells but not stromal compartment (top right), positive expression of CAIX in stromal compartment but not tumor cells (bottom left), positive expression of CAIX in both tumor cell and stromal compartments (bottom right). B. Kaplan-Meier analysis of CAIX expression in the distinct tumor cell and stromal compartments and the associated overall survival. C. Representative images of immunohistochemical staining showing low stromal volume and high stromal volume and low and high microvessel density D. Representative images of immunohistochemical staining showing: positive expression of MCT4 in tumor cell compartment and positive expression of MCT4 in tumor stromal compartment. Kaplan-Meier analysis of combinatorial MCT4 and CAIX expression in the stromal compartment and the associated overall survival. Hazard ratios and p-values for each comparison are summarized in the table. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27623078), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

Reactivity:

Hu, Mu, Rt, Po, Al, Av, Ba, Bv, Ca, Ch, ChHa, Gp, Ha, In, Pm, Pm, Rb, SyHa, Ze

Species Glossary

Reactivity: Hu, Mu, Rt, Po, Al, Av, Ba, Bv, Ca, Ch, ChHa, Gp, Ha, In, Pm, Pm, Rb, SyHa, Ze

Applications:

, , , , , , , , , , , ,

Applications: , , , , , , , , , , , ,

Host:

Rabbit Polyclonal

Host: Rabbit Polyclonal

Sizes:

Sample Size Available

Sizes: Sample Size Available

Conjugate:

Unconjugated

Available Conjugates:

Validated by:

Validated by:

Conjugate	Catalog #	Availability	Size	Price
Alexa Fluor 350	NB100-2220AF350
Alexa Fluor 405	NB100-2220AF405
Alexa Fluor 488	NB100-2220AF488
Alexa Fluor 532	NB100-2220AF532
Alexa Fluor 594	NB100-2220AF594
Alexa Fluor 647	NB100-2220AF647
Alexa Fluor 700	NB100-2220AF700
Alexa Fluor 750	NB100-2220AF750
Allophycocyanin	NB100-2220APC
Biotin	NB100-2220B
DyLight 350	NB100-2220UV
DyLight 405	NB100-2220V
DyLight 488	NB100-2220G
DyLight 550	NB100-2220R
DyLight 594	NB100-2220DL594
DyLight 650	NB100-2220C
DyLight 680	NB100-2220FR
DyLight 755	NB100-2220IR
FITC	NB100-2220F
HRP	NB100-2220H
Janelia Fluor 549	NB100-2220JF549
Janelia Fluor 646	NB100-2220JF646
PE	NB100-2220PE
PerCP	NB100-2220PCP
mFluor Violet 450 SE	NB100-2220MFV450
mFluor Violet 500 SE	NB100-2220MFV500
mFluor Violet 610 SE	NB100-2220MFV610

Available Formulations

Formulation	Catalog #	Availability	Price
BSA Free	NB100-2220SS

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NB100-122

HIF-2 alpha/EPAS1 Antibody - BSA Free

(37 Reviews)

(781 Publications)

0.1 ml

NB100-122

WNT11 is induced by hypoxia or hypoxic mimetics in different cell types. Immunoblot analyses of HeLa cells under normal air or hypoxia for 24 hrs. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//www.nature.com/articles/srep21520) licensed under a CC-BY license.

<b>Biological Strategies Validation. </b>HIF-1alpha is the predominant transcriptional regulator of WNT11 expression during hypoxia. EMSCs isolated from the indicated mouse genotypes were infected with lentivirus expressing GFP or Cre recombinase. Non-infected cells and GFP infected cells served as controls. Immunoblot analyses of EMSCs derived from the indicated genotypes treated with 0.1 mM DMOG for 24 hrs. Attenuated WNT11 expression in Hif-1alpha KO EMSCs (lenti-Cre infected Hif-1af/f). Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//www.nature.com/articles/srep21520) licensed under a CC-BY license.

<b>Orthogonal Strategies Validation. </b>Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue sections of human placenta were probed for HIF-2 alpha/EPAS1 mRNA (ACD RNAScope Probe, catalog #410598; Fast Red chromogen, ACD catalog # 322750). Adjacent tissue section was processed for immunohistochemistry using Rabbit Polyclonal (Novus Biologicals catalog # NB100-122) at 1:100 dilution with one-hour incubation at room temperature followed by incubation with anti-rabbit IgG VisUCyte HRP Polymer Antibody (Catalog # VC003) and DAB chromogen (yellow-brown). Tissue was counterstained with hematoxylin (blue). Specific staining was localized to trophoblastic cells.

Expression of hypoxia-inducible alpha subunits in normal and diseased lung tissue. HIF-2alpha expression are more evident in fibroblasts from idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (d) than from lung tissue affected by other inflammatory conditions (i.e. chronic bronchitis, panel e) or normal lung tissue (f); as demonstrated by a higher proportion of positive fibroblasts (open arrows) than negative ones (solid black arrows). Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//respiratory-research.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12931-019-1100-4) licensed under a CC-BY license.

Image shows a specific band for HIF-2 alpha in 0.5 mg/mL of hypoxic HeLa lysate. This experiment was performed under reducing conditions using the 12-230 kDa separation system.

<b>Genetic Strategies Validation. </b>Immunoblot validation of HIF2A and PHD2 KO clones using HIF2A (#NB100-122; dilution: 1/300), PHD2 (#NB100-137; dilution: 1/500). To blot HIFs factor cells were first pre-treated for 5 h with CoCl2 300 uM before protein extraction, a condition that promotes HIF factor accumulation. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//www.nature.com/articles/s41467-018-06988-3) licensed under a CC-BY license.

<b>Biological Strategies Validation. </b>HIF-2 alpha in human retinal and choroidal primary endothelia lysates using .. Image from verified customer review.

<b>Biological Strategies Validation. </b>HIF-2 alpha in MDA-MB-231 cell lysate (overexpression and endogenous samples) using . did not react to HIF-1 alpha overexpression. Image from verified customer review.

Induced WNT11 expression with tumor hypoxia and WNT11 regulates tumor growth. Bevacizumab increased expression of HIF-1alpha and HIF-2alpha and WNT11. First 10 lanes are control tumors, and the last 10 lanes are tumors from bevacizumab-treated animals. Lysates from whole tissue and nuclei are indicated. Alpha -Tubulin, actin and lamin A/C are loading controls. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//www.nature.com/articles/srep21520) licensed under a CC-BY license.

MDA-MB-231 cells were exposed to 20% or 1% O2 for 16 hours, and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) was performed with the indicated antibody (Ab). Primers flanking the HIF binding site were used for qPCR. ChIP image submitted by a verified customer review.

<b>Biological Strategies Validation. </b>Lane 1: Cobalt chloride treated COS7 nuclear extracts. Lane 2: Untreated COS7 nuclear extracts.

786-O cells without or with VHL overexpression. Image from verified customer review.

<b>Biological Strategies Validation. </b>Analysis using the HRP conjugate of NB100-122. Detection of normoxic and hypoxic nuclear rat cell lysates.

HIF-2 alpha immunoreactivity in human cardiac myocytes stained with NB100-122.

Expression and correlation of 3 antibodies: HIF-1 alpha, HIF-2 alpha and HAF in ccRCC. (A, C & E) Positive nuclear staining to the 3 antibodies: HIF-1 alpha, HIF-2 alpha and HAF, in primary ccRCCs at high magnification (100X). (B, D & F) Heterogenous nuclear staining of 3 antibodies in a tumor at low magnification (20X). (G, H and I). Correlation of 3 antibodies with the Fuhrman grade.Citation: Ambrosetti D, Dufies M, Dadone B, Durand M, Borchiellini D, Amiel J, et al. (2018) The two glycolytic markers GLUT1 and MCT1 correlate with tumor grade and survival in clear-cell renal cell carcinoma. PLoS ONE 13(2): e0193477. //doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0193477

<b>Genetic Strategies Validation. </b>Reduction of HIF-2alpha levels leads to protection in UV-triggered apoptosis, but not for apoptosis caused by glucose and serum starvation in 786-O cells. Parental 786-O or those either stably expressing wild-type VHLp19 or stably infected with a control vector (pSuperRetro) or a pool of two HIF-2alpha shRNAs vectors [21] were grown to confluence and lysed. Cell alpha-tubulin.

Sp1 and HIFs contribute to the synergistic activation of multiple genes in OVSAYO cells under SSH.b) Activation of multiple genes under hypoxia is dependent on HIFs. Western blotting is also shown for HIFs. Data shown are the mean (n = 3) ± SD.

Manipulation of DNA methylation at HRE sequences alters HIF binding. (A) The Hypoxia Response Element (HRE) contains a CpG site that can be methylated which prevents HIF1 and HIF2 binding in vitro. EMSA of in vitro-translated HIF1 and HIF2 binding to 32P-labelled unmethylated and methylated HRE probes. Competition with 250X molar excess of unlabelled/unmethylated HRE probe (lanes 3, 7,12, 16) or unlabelled control HRE-free probe (lanes 4, 8, 13, 17). HIF1 and HIF2 complexes bound to unmethylated HRE or methylated HRE supershifted with anti-HIF1alpha (lanes 9 and 18) and anti-HIF2alpha (lanes 5 and 14). Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//www.nature.com/articles/s41598-018-21524-5), licensed under a CC-BY licence.

Hypoxia and HIF-1 accumulation after DSS-treatment.Real time PCR of HIF-1alpha exon 2 (A) in RNA samples of hypoxic treated BMDM of wild type (HIF-1alpha+f/+f) and knockout (Lyz2-Cre/HIF-1alpha+f/+f) mice with 14 samples/group. Each bar represents the mean value +/- SEM. ***P 0.01 vs. normal thyroid; #P > 0.01 vs. normal thyroid; (d) Relative expression levels of HMGB1 in thyroid cancer. Total mRNA was extracted from thyroid cancer patients’ tissues and HMGB1 level determined by relative optical intensity (in arbitrary units, AU) of bands on RT-PCR. Each dot represented relative level of HMGB1 in an individual sample. *P > 0.01 vs. FTC; (e) HMGB1 expression level for differentiating thyroid cancer tissues from non-thyroid cancer tissues in our validated cohort; AUC: 96.7%, sensitivity: 88.9% and specificity: 96.2% in the validated cohort Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31331356), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

Loss of MUS81 activates DNA damage responseA. MUS81 depleted U2OS cells accumulate NBS1 foci defining sites of DNA damage. B. Partial co-localization of NBS1 foci and RPA foci in MUS81-depleted cells. C. Co-localization of RPA foci to ssDNA regions. Cells were labelled with BrdU for 3 days concomitant with MUS81 depletion. BrdU was detected at ssDNA regions by immunofluorescence. D. NBS1 foci arise in cells that are both positive and negative for Cyclin A expression. Scale bars, 5 μm. E. NBS1 foci form largely at non-telomeric loci. F. Partial co-localization of NBS1 foci with PML nuclear bodies. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26415217), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

Immunohistochemical detection of HIF-1 alpha protein in human tissues. The nature of the tissue is indicated on top of each figure. Original magnifications are as follows: A, ×400; B, ×400; C, ×100; D, ×100; E, ×100; F, ×100; G, ×40; H, ×40. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//bmcgenet.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2156-5-27), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

ROS overproduction mediated apoptosis induced by combined treatment of DDP and HIF-1 alpha in PC-3 xenografts and cell culture. (a) ROS monitored by DHE (red) and nuclei by DAPI (blue) staining in PCa xenografts (scale bars, 50 µm). (b) MDA formation of PCa xenografts was examined after various treatments (c,d). PC-3 cells were treated with DDP, si-HIF-1 alpha plasmid, or both, in the presence or absence of NAC (5 mM) or DHLA (0.25 mM) for 24 h. Total lysates (c) and culture media (d) were used to detect cellular H2O2 level. (e,f) Western analysis for HIF-1 alpha as well as cleaved caspase-3 and PARP in PC-3 cells following various treatments. Data were presented as mean ± SD of three independent experiments. *p 2000 neurons/condition; one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni's multiple comparisons test). (B) PGD2 did not induce pRII in non-neuronal cells of the same cultures shown in A. (C) Time course of RII phosphorylation indicating long-lasting effects of PGD2 (10 µM) on sensory neurons. (D) Stimulation with PGD2 also results in phosphorylation of the ERK1/2 measured in the same cultures shown in D. (E) Representative experiment demonstrating that induction of RII phosphorylation is enhanced in TRPV1(+) neurons (total of 3664 neurons). Plots of respective controls are shown in S2 Fig. (F) Fold changes of pRII intensities in TRPV1(−) (grey bars) and TRPV1(+) (black bars) neurons after 1 min stimulation with 10 µM PGD2 (n = 3,>2000 neurons/condition, one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni's multiple comparisons test). (G) Co-labeling of TRPV1 and PTGDS revealing that PTGDS is expressed in neurons lacking TRPV1 (total of 9951 neurons, also refer to S2 Fig. for control plots). (H) Co-labeling of NF200 and PTGDS showing that PTGDS(+) neurons express NF200 (total of 12966 neurons, also refer to S2 Fig. for control plots).(I) Size distribution of PTGDS(+) (green), NF200(+) (red), and all sensory neurons (black) indicating that PTGDS(+) neurons are larger than other neurons. (J) Suggested pathway of interneuronal communication between subgroups of sensory neurons. Large-diameter mechanosensitive neurons express PTGDS resulting in the production of PGD2, which activates DP1 receptors present on nociceptive neurons expressing TRPV1. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0115731), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

SPOC1 is recruited to I-SceI-induced DSBs where it colocalizes with 53BP1. (A) In situ immunofluorescence studies with U2OS19 ptight13 GFP-LacR cells with a stably integrated I-SceI cleavage site flanked by lac operator repeats reveals localization of the GFP-lac repressor protein (GFP-LacR) at the lac-operator DNA sequences in the nucleus before (−I-SceI) and 16 h after I-SceI-induced (+ I-SceI) DSB. In contrast, SPOC1 (white) and 53BP1 (red) are distributed throughout the nucleus in the absence of I-Scel, and partially colocalized in naturally occurring repair foci. After I-SceI cleavage to generate DSBs, SPOC1 and 53BP1 colocalize at distinct foci, including the cleaved DNA adjacent to DNA-bound GFP-LacR. Proteins were visualized by immunostaining and confocal microscopy. Scale bars = 10 μm. (B) Quantitative analysis of SPOC1 recruitment to the 53BP1 and GFP-LacR positive lacO array before and 16 h after I-SceI induction. (C) Monitoring of the kinetics of SPOC1 and 53BP1 recruitment to DSBs between 0 and 24 h post-I-SceI induction. (D) Quantifying ATM kinase inhibitor-mediated effects on recruitment of SPOC1 and 53BP1 to DSBs as evident 16 h after I-SceI-induced cleavage. (E) SPOC1 and 53BP1 colocalize at a large discrete endogenous repair focus as observed in some non-irradiated U2OS cells by immunostaining. Scale bar = 10µm. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//academic.oup.com/nar/article-lookup/doi/10.1093/nar/gks868), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

Hypoxia reduces inflammatory signaling pathways and NLRP3 expression and induces autophagy in IECs. a HT-29 cells were subjected to normoxia and hypoxia at the indicated times in the absence or presence of 10 µg/ml LPS. Autophagy was measured by variations in the ratio of LC3-II/LC3-I and the total amount of LC3 (LC3-I plus LC3-II) relative to beta -actin. Results are representative of two independent experiments. b, c and d HT-29 cells were subjected to normoxia and hypoxia for the indicated periods in the absence or presence of 10 µg/ml LPS, followed by transcript analysis. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post-test. Results represent mean + s.e.m. of two independent experiments done in triplicate, *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001; ns not significant. e HT-29 cells were subjected to normoxia or hypoxia in the presence and absence of 10 µg/ml LPS and 20 µM of MG132. Results are representative of two independent experiments. f and g Putative binding sites for HIF-1 alpha and NF-kappa B were found in the p62 f and NLRP3 g promoters using Genomatix software tools. Numbers under the boxes indicate the distance from the transcription start site. HT-29 cells were subjected to normoxia (21% O2) or hypoxia (0.2% O2) for 6 h and 24 h. ChIP analysis was performed using antibodies against HIF-1 alpha and NF-kappa B for immunoprecipitation. PCR was performed using the promoter-specific primers for the p62 f and NLRP3 g promoter binding sites of HIF-1 alpha and NF-kappa B. Aliquots taken prior to immunoprecipitation were used as input control. PCR products were run on 2% agarose gel. The results are representative of three independent experiments. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28740109), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

The FANCD2 NLS is required for the nuclear localization of a subset of FANCI.(A) FA-D2 patient cells or FA-D2 cells stably expressing FANCD2-WT were incubated in the absence (NT) or presence of MMC for 24 h, fixed, stained with rabbit polyclonal anti-FANCD2 or anti-FANCI antibody and counterstained with phalloidin and DAPI. AF-488, Alexa Fluor 488. (B) FA-D2 cells stably expressing LacZ, FANCD2-WT, FANCD2-∆N57, FANCD2-∆N100, and FANCD2-3N were incubated in the absence (NT) or presence of MMC for 24 h, fixed, and stained with rabbit polyclonal anti-FANCI antibody, and counterstained with phalloidin and DAPI. At least 300 cells were scored for cytoplasmic (Cyto.), nuclear (Nucl.), and both cytoplasmic and nuclear (Both) localization of FANCI. (C) COS-7 cells were transiently transfected with no DNA, FANCI-GFP, FANCI-GFP plus FANCD2-V5-WT, or FANCI-GFP plus FANCD2-V5-∆N57. Whole-cell lysates were immunoprecipitated with anti-V5 or anti-GFP antibodies and immune complexes immunoblotted with anti-GFP and anti-V5 antibodies. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24278431), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

Analysis of microvascular density and HIF-1 alpha activity. Microvascular density of pulmonary tumors was significantly higher in hyperplastic (B) and tumoral lesions (D) of NNK/NTHi treated mice compared to the NNK treated mice (A, and C) detected by CD105 immunostaining (10X, scale bar = 100 μm). HIF-1 alpha immunostaining after NNK/NTHi combined treatment showed hot-spots of high stromal expression in tumors (F), and high expression in perivascular-peribronchiolar lymphocytes (H). In contrast, low, homogenous expression of HIF-1 alpha was detected in the tumors (E) and perivascular-peribronchiolar lymphocytes (G) of NNK treated mice (40X, scale bar = 25 μm). Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//molecular-cancer.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1476-4598-11-4), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

JMJD2B expression increases in hepatic steatotic cell and animal models. (A) HepG2 cells were incubated with a mixture of palmitic acid (PA) and oleic acid (OA) (1:2 ratio) at 800 μM concentrations for 24 h, and intracellular triglyceride (TG) levels were analyzed by a TG assay kit. JMJD2B mRNA and protein levels were examined by qPCR and western blotting, respectively. Data represent means ± SEM of three independent experiments performed in triplicate. *p < 0.05 vs. no treatment. The full-length western blots corresponding to truncated blots are presented in Supplementary Figure S1A. (B) HepG2 cells were treated with T0901317 (10 μM) for 24 h, and intracellular triglyceride (TG) levels were measured by a TG assay kit. JMJD2B mRNA and protein levels were examined by qPCR and western blotting, respectively. Data represent means ± SEM of three independent experiments performed in triplicate. *p < 0.05 vs. no treatment. The full-length western blots are presented in Supplementary Figure S1B. (C) Total RNAs were isolated from the livers of HFD-induced obese mice. The JMJD2B mRNA levels were assessed by qPCR. Data represent means ± SEM of 5 mice. *p < 0.05 vs. ND mice. ND: normal diet. HFD: high fat diet. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30214048), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

Protein expressions of intrarenal RAS components in two groups of mice. (A) Immunohistochemical analysis of intrarenal RAS expression position in the two groups of mice. AGT immunoreactivity in the proximal tubular cells, Ang II immunoreactivity in both glomerular and tubular cells, renin immunoreactivity in juxtaglomerular apparatus cells, ACE immunoreactivity in brush border membranes of proximal tubules as well as AT1 and AT2 immunoreactivity in the proximal tubules were increased in the HF group when compared to the control group. (B) Western blot analysis for protein expressions of intrarenal RAS components in the two groups of mice. (C) The histogram represents mean ± SD of the densitometric scans for the protein bands of angiotensinogen (AGT), angiotensin II (Ang II), renin, angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1), angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT2) from five experiments, normalized by beta -actin. * P < 0.05 vs. control. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23570453), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

$TAZ induces Tfam protein expression at the translational level.a The expression of mitochondrial biogenic factors, including Tfam, Ppargc1a (Pgc1 alpha ), Nrf1, and Nrf2, was analysed using quantitative reverse transcription (qRT)-PCR in the gastrocnemius muscle of wild-type (WT) and muscle-specific TAZ knockout (mKO) mice; n = 6 for each condition (Tfam; *p = 0.0498, Nrf1; *p = 0.0467). b Protein was analysed via immunoblotting to detect TAZ and the indicated mitochondrial biogenic factors in (a). Alpha-tubulin was used as the loading control. c RNA was isolated from the control (Con) and TAZ knockdown (KD) C2C12 myotubes, and the expression of the indicated mitochondrial biogenic factors was analysed using qRT-PCR. The experiments were performed in triplicate (Tfam; *p = 0.04). d Protein from the Con and TAZ KD C2C12 myotubes was assessed via immunoblotting to detect TAZ and mitochondrial biogenic factors. Beta-actin was used as the loading control. e RNA was isolated from WT, TAZ-knockout (KO), and TAZ-rescued (T) mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEF), and the indicated mitochondrial biogenic factors were analysed via qRT-PCR. f Protein from WT, KO, and T MEF was assessed via immunoblotting to detect TAZ and the indicated mitochondrial biogenic factors. Beta-actin was used as the loading control. g Protein was isolated from the gastrocnemius muscle of WT and mKO mice and analysed via immunoblotting to detect TAZ, YAP, and proteins involved in the translation of both phosphorylated and total forms. Alpha-tubulin was used as the loading control. h Protein obtained from the Con and TAZ KD C2C12 myotubes was assessed via immunoblotting to observe TAZ and proteins involved in translation. Beta-actin was used as the loading control. i Protein was isolated from WT, KO, and T MEF and analysed via immunoblotting to detect TAZ and proteins involved in translation. Vinculin was used as the loading control. j The polysome profile of cells described in panel i was evaluated continuously by measuring absorbance at 254 nm. The 40S, 60S, 80S, and polysome fractions are denoted by the corresponding peaks. k The distribution of Tfam, Atp5d, and Gapdh mRNA from cells described in (j) across a density gradient was analysed using reverse transcription (RT)-PCR. bp = base pairs. For a, b, g 8 to 10-week-old mice were used. Data are presented as mean ± SEM for (a), mean ± SD for (c, e). Statistical significance was analysed via two-sided t-test for (a) and one-sided t-test for (c). One-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparison test was used for (e). Representative data was shown and experiments were performed at least twice with similar results for (b, d, f–i, k). Source data are provided as a Source data file. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35115527), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.$

Binding of TRF2 to viral DNA during HHV-6A/B infection.A) Schematic representation of the HHV-6A/B genome. The DR6 probe used for hybridization is shown in red. Uninfected and HHV-6A-infected HSB-2 cells (B-D) or uninfected and HHV-6B-infectd Molt-3 cells (E-F) were analyzed for TRF2 binding to viral DNA using ChIP. The input was hybridized with Alu probe to assess quantity of starting material. Anti-IgG (negative control), anti-PolII (positive control) or TRF2 antibodies were used for immunoprecipitation. B) QPCR detection of GAPDH DNA following ChIP. Results are expressed as fold increase over control IgG. C and E) Eluted DNA was hybridized with 32P-labeled Alu, telomeric (TTAGGG)3 or HHV-6A (DR6) probes. After hybridization the membranes were washed and exposed to X-ray films. D and F) Densitometric analysis of relative binding of TRF2 to telomeric and viral DNA. Results of one experiment representative of three are presented and are expressed as signal after normalization to input. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32320442), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

miR-375 control on CIP2A-MYC pathway also contributes to p21 elevation. (A) p21, p53, RB, CIP2A, and MYC protein levels in MCF7 cells transfected with miR-375 inhibitor, -mimic, or NS control were measured by Western blot analysis. Tubulin expression was used as internal control. 25%, 50%, 100% amounts of untreated cell lysates were included to calibrate the semiquantitative measurement. (B) Transfection with miR-375-mimic significantly upregulated p21 mRNA in MCF7. Relative endogenous p21 mRNA levels were measured in MCF7 cells transfected with miR-375 inhibitor, -mimic, or NS control for 48 h using qRT-PCR. (C) CIP2A and MYC protein levels were effectively silenced by si-CIP2A transfection with 1 and 10 nM concentrations for 48 h. Increased p21 protein levels were detected in si-CIP2A dose-dependent manner. 10 nM of si-GFP was used as a control. (D) Protein levels of CIP2A, p53, and p21 in MCF7 cells transfected with si-p53 and/or miR-375-mimic were measured by Western blot analysis. (E) mRNA levels of p21 in MCF7 cells transfected with si-p53 and/or miR-375-mimic were measured by qRT-PCR. (F) Flow cytometry analysis demonstrates G1 arrest of MCF7 cells 48 h after transfection with miR-375-mimic compared to miR-375 inhibitor or NS control. The concentrations of siRNA or miRNA used in panels D, E, and F were 10 nM and 25 nM, respectively. (G) Schematic depiction of miR-375-mediated repression of CIP2A, E6, E6AP, and E7 in HPV16-positive cells that simultaneously increases tumor suppressor p53, p21, and RB, and causes cell cycle arrest. Results are expressed as mean ± SD from three independent experiments. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, and ***p < 0.001. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24708873), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

Effect of the four most common herbal formulas and single herbs on the phosphorylation of myosin light chain (MLC) protein.Briefly, A10 cells were treated with herbal formulas (A) or single herbs (B). Y27632 (Y10; 10 μM) and calyculin A (A50; 50 μg/ml) were used as negative and positive controls. Western blot analysis and staining with anti-phospho-MLC, anti-total-MLC, and anti-beta actin antibodies was then performed. Phospho-MLC, total-MLC, and beta actin were all obtained with their appropriate protein size bands. The relative Phospho-MLC intensity (%) was expressed as [(Phospho-MLC/total-MLC)drug treated/ (Phospho-MLC/total-MLC)cell only x 100%]. The Mean±SEM values for at least three independent experiments along with the representative western blot were performed. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0145109), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

Silencing CIP2A caused decreased Cdk1 and Cdk2 proteins in 16E6‐expressing cells. A, Western blot analysis of CIP2A, Cdk4, Cdk6, cyclin D1, Cdk1, Cdk2, cyclin B1, cyclin A2 and cyclin E1 protein levels in cells expressing HPV‐16E6 transfected with CIP2A siRNA and then treated with PBS or 10 μg/mL bleomycin for 24 h. A representative of 3 independent experiments is shown. B, Quantification of all cell cycle‐related proteins. Data from 3 experiments are summarized. C, Relative mRNA levels of all cell cycle‐related genes determined by qRT‐PCR. Data from 3 experiments are summarized. *, P < .05; **, P < .01 Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29893470), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

Effect of alcohol on TERT expression in liver tissues and KCs during ALD development.(a) TERT expression in liver tissues was performed by IHC analysis. Representative views from each group were presented (original magnification, ×40). (b) Total TERT mRNA and protein levels in liver tissue were analyzed by real-time PCR and western blot. The results are shown as relative expression against control expression without treatment. (c) Representative colocalization of TERT with macrophage CD68 immunoreactivity in liver tissue by using the double immunofluorescent (IF) analysis. (d) Total TERT mRNA and protein levels in KCs isolated from the liver were analyzed by real-time PCR and western blot. The results are shown as relative expression against control expression without treatment. (e) Quantification of telomerase activity (TA) in CD-fed mice and EtOH-fed mice. RNase treatment or heat inactivation of KCs isolated from the liver of EtOH-fed mice served as negative controls for the TA assay. All quantitative data are presented as mean ± SD percentage increase compared with CD-fed group (n = 4 in CD-fed group, n = 6 in EtOH-fed group) *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 vs CD-fed group. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26725521), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

Reactivity:

Hu, Mu, Rt, Fi, Ha, Pm, Rb, Re, Sh

Species Glossary

Reactivity: Hu, Mu, Rt, Fi, Ha, Pm, Rb, Re, Sh

Applications:

, , , , , , , , , , , , , ,

Applications: , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,

Host:

Rabbit Polyclonal

Host: Rabbit Polyclonal

Sizes:

Sample Size Available

Sizes: Sample Size Available

Conjugate:

Unconjugated

Available Conjugates:

Validated by:

Validated by:

Conjugate	Catalog #	Availability	Size	Price
Alexa Fluor 350	NB100-122AF350
Alexa Fluor 405	NB100-122AF405
Alexa Fluor 488	NB100-122AF488
Alexa Fluor 532	NB100-122AF532
Alexa Fluor 594	NB100-122AF594
Alexa Fluor 647	NB100-122AF647
Alexa Fluor 700	NB100-122AF700
Alexa Fluor 750	NB100-122AF750
Allophycocyanin	NB100-122APC
Allophycocyanin/Cy7	NB100-122APCCY7
Biotin	NB100-122B
DyLight 350	NB100-122UV
DyLight 405	NB100-122V
DyLight 488	NB100-122G
DyLight 550	NB100-122R
DyLight 594	NB100-122DL594
DyLight 650	NB100-122C
DyLight 680	NB100-122FR
DyLight 755	NB100-122IR
FITC	NB100-122F
HRP	NB100-122H
Janelia Fluor 549	NB100-122JF549
Janelia Fluor 646	NB100-122JF646
PE	NB100-122PE
PE/Atto594	NB100-122PEATT594
PE/Cy5.5	NB100-122PECY55
PE/Cy7	NB100-122PECY7
PerCP	NB100-122PCP
mFluor Violet 450 SE	NB100-122MFV450
mFluor Violet 500 SE	NB100-122MFV500
mFluor Violet 610 SE	NB100-122MFV610

Available Formulations

Formulation	Catalog #	Availability	Price
BSA Free	NB100-122SS

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NB100-304

53BP1 Antibody - BSA Free

(14 Reviews)

(712 Publications)

0.1 mg

NB100-304

Irradiated cochlear spiral ganglion cells, mouse, frozen section of fixed material. Image from verified customer review.

<b>Genetic Strategies Validation. </b>53BP1 was detected in immersion fixed HeLa cells (left) but was not detected in 53BP1 knockout Hela cells (right) using Rabbit Anti-human 53BP1 polyclonal antibody (Catalog #NB100-304) at 0.3 ug/mL for 3 hours at room temperature. Cells were stained using the NorthernLights™ 557-conjugated Anti-Rabbit IgG Secondary Antibody (red; Catalog # NL004) and counterstained with DAPI (blue). Specific staining was localized to nuclei.

Total protein from HeLa, A431, Neuro2A, and PC12 was separated on a 12% gel by SDS-PAGE, transferred to PVDF membrane and blocked in 5% non-fat milk in TBST. The membrane was probed with 1.0 ug/mL in 5% block buffer and detected with an anti-rabbit HRP secondary antibody using chemiluminescence. The observed molecular weight for these samples are ~250 kDa and the theoretical molecular weight is 214 kDa.

Human breast tumors stained with 53BP1 antibody. Image from verified customer review.

Detection of Human and Mouse 53BP1 by IHC. Sample: FFPE sections of human ovarian carcinoma (left) and mouse teratoma (right). Antibody: 53BP1 Antibody (Catalog #NB100-304) used at a dilution of 1:1000 (1ug/mL). Detection: DAB.

Human medulloblastoma (DAOY) and mouse astrocyte (C8D1A) cell lines were exposed for 48 hours to DMSO or 1ug/mL of the DNA damaging agent EPE. Cells were immunostained for 53BP1 (green). The nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (blue). Image from verified customer review.

An intracellular stain was performed on RH-30 cells with 53BP1 Antibody (Catalog #NB100-304AF647) (blue) and a matched isotype control (orange). Cells were fixed with 4% PFA and then permeabilized with 0.1% saponin. Cells were incubated in an antibody dilution of 5 ug/mL for 30 minutes at room temperature. Both antibodies were conjugated to Alexa Fluor 647.

Immunoprecipitation analysis lysates from HCC44 cells in 1% NP40. Image from verified customer review.

<b>Biological Strategies Validation. </b>Effect of RK-33 on radiation-induced DNA damage. A Immunofluorescence images showing 53BP1 and gamma-H2AX foci in A549 cells after 2-Gy radiation and A549 cells pre-treated with 6 uM RK-33, 12 h before radiation. Overlap of 53BP1 and gamma-H2AX is seen in the merged picture of the co-immunofluorescence staining. Scale bar is 2 um. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//embomolmed.embopress.org/cgi/doi/10.15252/emmm.201404368) licensed under a CC-BY license.

Lamin A/C-53BP1 interaction is regulated in a DNA damage-dependent manner. U2OS/GFP-lamin A cells were pretreated with 10 um ATMi f for 1 h before exposure to IR (10 Gy, 1 h recovery). Cell extracts were then subjected to immunoprecipitation using GFP-Trap beads, and bound complexes were then analyzed by immunoblotting using 53BP1 and GFP antibodies. WCE represents 1% input. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//doi.wiley.com/10.1111/acel.12258), licensed under a CC-BY license.

HeLa cells were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde for 10 minutes and permeabilized in 0.5% Triton X-100 in PBS for 5 minutes. The cells were incubated with 53BP1 Antibody conjugated to DyLight 550 (NB100-304R) at 5 ug/ml for 1 hour at room temperature. Nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (Blue). Cells were imaged using a 40X objective.

An intracellular stain was performed on Ntera2 cells with 53BP1 Antibody NB100-304 (blue) and a matched isotype control NBP2-24891 (orange). Cells were fixed with 4% PFA and then permeabilized with 0.1% saponin. Cells were incubated in an antibody dilution of 1.0 ug/mL for 30 minutes at room temperature, followed by Rabbit IgG (H+L) Cross-Adsorbed Secondary Antibody, Dylight 550 (SA5-10033, Thermo Fisher).

Whole cell lysate from U2OS or 293T cells. Bands indicate an observed molecular weight of ~220 kDa and the theoretical molecular weight is 214 kDa.

<b>Biological Strategies Validation. </b>Upper Panel: 53BP1 foci in proliferating MEFs. Lower Panel: 53BP1 foci in proliferating MEFs exposed to 10 Gy of IR.

Embryonic Fibroblast cells pre-extraction for 5 mins with CSK buffer. Fixed with 4% PFA and 75% Ethanol. Primary Antibody at 1:1000. Secondary Antibody at 1:1000. Image from verified customer review.

<b>Biological Strategies Validation. </b>Upper Panel: Control untreated cells. Lower Panel: Cells exposed to irradiation (10 Gy) and probed for 53BP1 foci. Cells were grown on coverslips, fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde, methanol permeabilized, blocked for 1 h, RT. Incubated with primary antibody (1:200) overnight, washed 3x with PBS, probed with tubulin (Alexa Fluor 594) antibody for 2 h, RT. Washed 3x with PBS, mounted on slides using prolong gold, imaged using Nikon confocal microscope (100x oil). Image from verified customer review.

<b>Genetic Strategies Validation. </b>MUS81 inhibition in BRCA2-deficient cells causes accumulation of 53BP1 nuclear bodies and G1 arrest. H1299 cells carrying a DOX-inducible BRCA2 shRNA were transfected with control or MUS81 siRNAs. Representative images of cells processed 72 h later for immunostaining with 53BP1 Antibody (green) and anti-cyclin A (red) antibodies. DNA was counterstained with DAPI. Scale bar, 10 um. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//www.nature.com/doifinder/10.1038/ncomms15983), licensed under a CC-BY license.

<b>Biological Strategies Validation. </b>Pot1a prevents DDR in HSCs. Telomeric DDR in 8 week-old LSK cells upon Pot1a knockdown. Immunocytochemical staining of TRF1 (green). Foci co-stained with TRF1 and 53BP1 were identified as TIFs. Nuclei were stained with TOTO3 (blue). Scale bar, 2 um. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//www.nature.com/articles/s41467-017-00935-4), licensed under a CC-BY license.

Lamin A/C-53BP1 interaction is regulated in a DNA damage-dependent manner. U2OS cells were transfected with siCTRL or siLMNA and subjected to laser micro-irradiation, fixed 15 min later and then processed for immunofluorescence with gamma-H2AX and 53BP1 antibodies. Scale bar, 10 um. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//doi.wiley.com/10.1111/acel.12258), licensed under a CC-BY license.

Ntera2 cells were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde for 10 minutes and permeabilized in 0.5% Triton X-100 in PBS for 5 minutes. The cells were incubated with anti-53BP1 Antibody NB100-304 at 2 ug/ml overnight at 4C and detected with an anti-rabbit Dylight 488 (Green) at a 1:1000 dilution for 60 minutes. Alpha tubulin (DM1A) NB100-690 was used as a co-stain at a 1:1000 dilution and detected with an anti-mouse Dylight 550 (Red) at a 1:1000 dilution. Nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (Blue). Cells were imaged using a 100X objective and digitally deconvolved.

NIH3T3 cells were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde for 10 minutes and permeabilized in 0.5% Triton X-100 in PBS for 5 minutes. The cells were incubated with anti-53BP1 Antibody NB100-304 at 2 ug/ml overnight at 4C and detected with an anti-rabbit Dylight 488 (Green) at a 1:1000 dilution for 60 minutes. Alpha tubulin (DM1A) NB100-690 was used as a co-stain at a 1:1000 dilution and detected with an anti-mouse Dylight 550 (Red) at a 1:1000 dilution. Nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (Blue). Cells were imaged using a 100X objective and digitally deconvolved.

Staining of 53BP1 in human colon cancer using DAB with hematoxylin counterstain.

An intracellular stain was performed on A431 cells with 53BP1 Antibody (Catalog #NB100-304AF647) (blue) and a matched isotype control (orange). Cells were fixed with 4% PFA and then permeabilized with 0.1% saponin. Cells were incubated in an antibody dilution of 2.5 ug/mL for 30 minutes at room temperature. Both antibodies were conjugated to Alexa Fluor 647.

For 53BP1 staining, samples were incubated for 1 hour with 1:200 53BP1 primary antibody in PBS/BSA 1%, at room temperature. Green: 53BP Blue: DAPI. Image from verified customer review.

DYNLL1 is required for 53BP1-dependent p53 responses to Nutlin-3. a Immunoblot analysis of the MCF-7 cell lines used in (a) with anti-53BP1 or anti-RPA32 antibodies prior to N3 treatment. b Quantification of n = 3 independent experiments represented in (a), each performed in triplicate. Mean ± SD. c Indicated parental or stably complemented 53BP1-/- MCF-7 cell lines were incubated in the presence (11 days) or absence (7 days) of Nutlin-3 (4 µM)

Depletion of PNUTS and NPAT induces a global DDR.(A) Induction of telomere dysfunction–induced foci (TIF) upon candidate knockdown in HeLa cells from Fig 5. Depletion of TRF2 was used as a positive control. 53BP1 was detected by indirect IF and telomeres by FISH with a Cy3-[CCCTAA]3 probe. (B) Frequency distribution of the number of TIFs per cell from (A). n indicates the number of cells analyzed for each condition and red lines mark the mean.

HPV+ HNSCCs have decreased expression of NHEJ and HR proteins including DNA-Pk and BRCA2Cells were treated with mock or 4 Gy radiation, harvested and lysed at 15 minutes post-treatment, and analyzed by western blot for relative expression of indicated proteins. beta -actin was used as a loading control. Shown is a representative blot from 2 independent experiments.

LNCaP cells in culture were treated for 24 hrs with DMSO or ENZ, then irradiated with 0 or 1 Gy.Cell were fixed and immunostained for 53BP1 0.5, 1.5 and 24 hrs after irradiation. Immunofluorescent images were obtained by confocal microscopy. White bar = 20 microns. A) DMSO alone, B) ENZ alone, C) 1 Gy, D) ENZ + 1 Gy. White bar = 20 microns.

Representative immunohistochemistry staining for 53BP1 expression in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. (A) is high intensity of 53BP1 expression and (B) is low intensity of 53BP1 expression.

Absence of Roma Leads to Activation of the DNA Damage Response and Genomic Instability(A) Representative immunofluorescence analysis of RPA2-pT21, gammaH2AX, and 53BP1 foci in tissue sections from WT and Roma-/- glands at 10dL. The white arrow indicates nucleolar gammaH2AX. Scale bars, 10 um. The higher magnification panels on the right have been chosen to highlight the foci and are not zoomed images of the left panels. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27149840), licensed under a CC-BY licence.

Persistent DNA damage exists in ALT cells. (A) IF-FISH showing DNA damage response (53BP1) in ALT (VA13, U2OS, SAOS2, SKLU-1), telomerase positive (MCF7, A549), and human normal fibroblast cells (MRC5, BJ). Scale bar: 10 um. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31115790), licensed under a CC-BY licence.

Persistence of repair foci at suboptimal pHe. (A) Left panel shows immunofluorescence detection of gammaH2AFX and 53BP1 following 24 h recovery from bleomycin treatment. Control, sample before damage induction. Colocalization is shown in white; PCC, Pearson correlation coefficient score. Right panel corresponding to gammaH2AFX foci/cell at 24 h and 48 h following recovery. Only foci larger than 10 pixels were counted. Experiments were performed in triplicate. Values are mean +/- SEM. *P 3 (c) gamma-H2AX or d 53BP1 foci per nucleus. n = 90 cells from three independent experiments. Mean +/- SEM; two-way ANOVA (gamma-H2AX: F = 35.77, DFn = 4, DFd = 20, p 10 foci was called positive and counted). DAPI was used for nuclear staining. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28489060), licensed under a CC-BY licence.

USP15 regulates homologous recombination (HR) and breast cancer response to poly-(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor. c) Non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) efficiency in USP15-depleted cells were determined using the EJ5-GFP reporter assay, as described in the Methods section. CtIP or 53BP1 small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) were used as a positive control, respectively, in b, c. Data are shown as average of three independent experiments, presented as mean +/- SD, two-tailed Student's t test, *P < 0.01. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30874560), licensed under a CC-BY licence.

MRE11 poly(T)11/12 sequence variant has no apparent functional consequence on DNA damage detection and repair. (D) DNA repair foci was observed by immunofluorescence after 1.5 Gy IR followed by 1 h and 4 h recovery. Irradiation resulted in the formation of both MRE11 and 53BP1 foci in Daudi and Raji cells, whereas Jurkat failed to form MRE11 foci. Nuclei were counterstained with DAPI. Merged figure presents co-localization of MRE11 and 53BP1 foci visualized in yellow. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21637783), licensed under a CC-BY licence.

Phenotypic consequences of R325Q mutation. (D) DNA damage is increased in patients' B-LCLs as compared to control, with an accumulation of 53BP1 foci. Left: immunostainings of 53BP1 imaged by confocal microscopy, Right: quantification of 53BP1 foci number. Graph represents the average count obtained from two independent experiments (Mean +/- SEM). Total number of cells in control = 508; P2_E71K n = 315; P_R325Q n = 452; Sidak's multiple comparisons test, ****p < 0.0001. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31787977), licensed under a CC-BY licence.

Bystander signaling evokes DNA damage foci formation in urothelial cancer and normal urothelial cells. (A) Schematic representation of experimental conditions including non-irradiated, uniformly-irradiated and shielding protocols where 50% of the slide was exposed and 50% shielded with MCP alloy. Cells were fixed and processed for 53BP1-immunofluorescence, one hour following irradiation. Micrographs of urothelial cancer T24 cells labelled with anti-53BP1 (green) to label nuclear DNA double stand break foci and DAPI to counterstain nuclei are shown for each experimental condition. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29228614), licensed under a CC-BY licence.

Cry2-/- cells accumulate damaged DNA.(A) Representative early passage (P3-4) primary wildtype (WT), Cry1-/-, Cry2-/-, and Cry1-/-;Cry2-/- adult ear fibroblasts stained with anti-53BP1 antibody (green) and DAPI (blue). Insets show enlarged view of indicated cells. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25756610), licensed under a CC-BY licence.

Chromatibody-driven DDR alteration. (B) RNF8-dependent H2A di-ubiquitylation. HT1080 cells were transfected with the indicated constructs for 24 h. Whole-cell extracts were analyzed with an anti-ubiquitinylated H2A antibody (UbH2A). Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27206857), licensed under a CC-BY licence.

The susceptibility of human LECs to low-dose ionizing radiation. The human lens cell line FHL124 was exposed to low-dose IR up to 2.28 Gy. Exposed cells were then processed for both immunofluoresence microscopy (a) and immunoblotting (b) 1 h later. The signals obtained by immunoblotting were quantified and the mean from three independent experiments calculated and plotted (c) against IR dose. GAPDH was used as a loading control. Both gammaH2AX and RAD51 increased linearly with IR dose. Signals for other markers of DNA repair, 53BP1, MRE11 and TP53, remained unchanged as assessed by immunoblotting (b). By immunofluoresence microscopy (a), MRE11 and 53BP1 redistributed into nuclear foci, particularly at the 2.28 Gy level. TP53 remained uniformly distributed throughout the nuclear compartment, but excluded from nucleoli (a). As the levels of gammaH2AX and RAD51 increased after exposure to IR (c), so the number of nuclear foci also increased (a). Scale bar, 10 um. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25924630), licensed under a CC-BY licence.

General chromatin effects of Adeltarod and Adeltaroddeltahbs. (c) No co-localization between Adeltarod structures and 53BP1 in HeLa cells indicates that chromatin is not damaged by the structures. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/6/2/9), licensed under a CC-BY licence.

Specificity of antibodies for tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO) by Western blot (A) and immunofluorescent staining (B). A: The total protein (20 μg) of the dentate gyrus, extracted from the wild-type (lanes 1 and 3) and Tdo-/- mice (lane 2), was subjected to 4% to 12% gradient sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and transferred to polyvinylidene difluoride membranes. TDO was detected as described in the Methods section. Note that a 45-kDa band was detected with the anti-TDO antibody. The positions of molecular weight markers are shown on the left. Lane 3: negative control without the primary antibody. beta -Tubulin is a positive control for the Western blot. B: The hippocampal sections of wild-type and Tdo-/- mice were stained with anti-TDO antibody. In sections of Tdo-/- mice, immunofluorescence signals were not detected in granule cells, interneurons (arrowhead), CA1, or CA3 cells, suggesting that the secondary antibody used in this study bound specifically to the primary antibody (mouse IgG). g, granule cell layer; h, hilus. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20815922), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

$CO attenuates mitochondrial dysfunction-derived sterile inflammation through TFEB-mediated mitophagy and mitochondrial biogenesis.Mice were exposed to LPS/D-galactosamine (D-GalN) with or without CO (250 ppm, 2 h/day) pretreatment, the blood and liver samples were collected 2 h and 6 h (b–i) after LPS/D-GalN administration. a The levels of ALT and AST were determined. Data are shown as mean ± SEM (n = 5). ***P < 0.001. b Liver sections were stained with H&E for morphological evaluation. c The levels of serum IL-1 beta were measured by ELISA. Data are shown as mean ± SEM (n = 4). **P < 0.01. ***P < 0.001. d Cytosolic mtDNA amounts in liver tissues were measured by qRT-PCR. Data are shown as mean ± SEM (n = 4). *P < 0.05. e Cleaved caspase-1 in cell lysates isolated from liver tissues was analyzed by immunoblotting. f The level of nuclear TFEB in liver tissues was determined by immunoblotting. Lamin B served as the nuclear standard. g Mitochondrial fractionation in liver tissues was analyzed by immunoblotting using antibodies against PINK1, Parkin, and LC3B-II. COX IV was used as marker for mitochondrial fractions. h, i The levels of autophagy-related genes and lysosomal genes (h) or mitochondrial biogenesis-associated genes (i) expressed in liver tissues were analyzed by qRT-PCR. Data are shown as mean ± SEM (n = 4). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01. ***P < 0.001. j A scheme for the mechanisms of attenuating LSP/D-GalN-induced liver failure by CO through maintaining the balance between mitophagy and mitochondrial biogenesis. CO/CORM inhibits complexes of the mitochondrial respiratory chain (1) and then induces mitochondrial ROS (mtROS) production (2). Increased mtROS leads to PERK activation in the mitochondria-associated membrane (MAM) (3). The phosphorylation of PERK by mtROS increases intracellular calcium concentration. The activation of calcineurin by increased [Ca2 + ]i causes dephosphorylation of TREB (4), followed by its translocation into the nucleus. The nuclear translocation of TFEB increases the expression of genes involved in mitophagy (5) and mitochondrial biogenesis (6) Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30333475), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.$

Precision quantitative image analysis workflow for the characterization of functional ITH.(a) Representative areas with positive immunohistochemical (IHC) staining for HIF-1 alpha , HIF-2 alpha , phospho-mTOR S2448, phospho-S6RP S235/236 and Ki-67. Only nuclear HIF-1 alpha and HIF-2 alpha expression was included in the analysis. Scale bar, 100 μm. (b) Overview of the quantitative IHC analysis process using a representative image of a whole-slide scanned pT1M1 tumour after phospho-mTOR S2448 staining. The image was overlaid with a virtual grid consisting of 1 mm2 squares that defines the tumour regions to be analysed. Non-cancerous tissue was subtracted manually (dark grey) and a positive pixel count was performed on the corrected area. Positivity per square was expressed as percentage of positive pixels. If a square contained non-tumorous tissue, the positivity was normalized to the corrected square area. Computed values were depicted as a heat map. Coloured squares represent tumour, whereas open squares indicate completely non-tumorous areas. Squares defined as peripheral tumour zone are marked by a black line. Scale bar, 1 cm. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27291893), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

Reduction of HIF-1 alpha and HIF-2 alpha levels leads to differential effects on apoptosis in RCC10 cells. (A) RCC10 cells stably expressing wild-type VHLp30 or expressing a control shRNA targeting luciferase (Luc shRNA) or a pool of two shRNAs targeting either HIF-1 alpha or HIF-2 alpha were created. These cells were grown to confluence and lysed. Cell lysates were equally loaded and separated by SDS-PAGE. Western blots were performed for VHL, HIF-1 alpha , HIF-2 alpha , GLUT-1, and alpha -tubulin. (B) The RCC10 cell lines described in (A) were grown to confluence and treated with ultraviolet (UV) light and lysed one day later. Cell lysates were equally loaded and separated by SDS-PAGE. Western blots were performed for PARP, cleaved caspase-3, and alpha -tubulin. (C) The RCC10 cell lines described in (A) were glucose starved for 24 hours as described in Methods. Cell lysates were equally loaded and separated by SDS-PAGE. Western blots were performed for PARP, cleaved caspase-3, and alpha -tubulin. (D) The RCC10 cell lines described in (A) were serum starved for 2 days as described in Methods. Cell lysates were equally loaded and separated by SDS-PAGE. Western blots were performed for PARP, cleaved caspase-3, and alpha -tubulin. Similar results were seen with serum starvation for 4 and 6 days (data not shown). Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//cancerci.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12935-015-0175-3), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

Expression of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) proteins after bilateral renal ischemia or sham ischemia. Immunoblots for HIF-1 alpha (A–C) and HIF-2 alpha (D–F) of tissue extracts from the cortex and outer and inner medulla of the left kidneys of rats 24 h and 5 days following recovery from either sham ischemia (○) or bilateral renal ischemia (●); n = 6 per group. G: typical image of the gel following electrophoresis. H: typical image of the nitrocellulose membrane following transfer. Values are expressed as medians (25th percentile, 75th percentile). Paired comparisons were performed using the Mann-Whitney U-test. Because paired comparisons were made at two time points, P values were conservatively adjusted using the Dunn-Sidak method with k = 2. PTr, PT, and PTr*T are the outcomes of two-way analysis of variance on ranking with the factors treatment (Tr) and time (T). AU, arbitrary unit; I1, 24 h after ischemia; I5, 5 days after ischemia; S1, 24 h after sham ischemia; S5, 5 days after sham ischemia. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30110566), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

Active DNA end processing in late micronuclei compartments. a: Detection and quantification of RPA32 phosphorylation (pSerine 33) and ssDNA by specific antibodies in MN compartments of OVCAR-8 cells 36 h after 2-Gy irradiation. Note the nuclear signals have reduced while those in MN were intense. n = 3 biological repeats. Error bars = s.d. **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.005 (t-test). b: Immunostaining and enumeration of phosphorylated NBS1-pSerine 343, BRCA1-pSerine 1524 and TP53-pSerine 15 in MN compartments. **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.005 (t-test). c: Representative images (Upper panel) and quantification of RPA signal in MN compartments (Lower left) or RPA foci in nuclei (lower right) of post-IR OVCAR-8 cells after indicated treatments. Pro-resection genes (MRE11, BRCA1 and WDR70) were knockdown by specific siRNA. Percentage of positive RPA32-pS33 MN population was calculated after 36 h of IR treatment Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//bmccancer.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12885-018-4347-0), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

Curcumin Analogs Induce Apoptosis in Cancerous Cells by Several Pathways. (a) E6-1 (Jurkat), dominant negative FADD (dnFADD) Jurkat, and overexpressing BCL-2 Jurkat were treated for 48 hours then stained for Annexin V and PI (b) E6-1 cells were plated and treated with or without the broad spectrum caspase inhibitor ZVAD(oMe)-FMK for 48 hours. Cells were stained for Annexin V and PI. Results were obtained using image-based cytometry with the Y-axis representative of percent of cells positive for Annexin V (green), PI (red), Annexin V and PI (yellow), or negative for both Annexin V and PI (blue). Values are expressed as a mean ± SD from three independent experiments. (c) E6-1 cells were treated for 24 hours with or without the broad spectrum caspase inhibitor ZVAD(oMe)-FMK and the studied compounds, lysed and subjected to Western blot analysis. (d) NHF and NCM460 cells were treated for 48 hours and 72 hours respectively, lysed and subjected to Western blot analysis. Bands were visualized with a chemiluminescence reagent. Images are representative of three independent experiments. Statistical calculations were performed using Two-Way ANOVA multiple comparison. *p < 0.05 vs % viable of Control (DMSO); #p < 0.05 vs % viable cells for groups without Z-VAD(oMe)FMK. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28439094), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

PEM induces apoptosis of NSCLC cells via YIPF2-TNFRSF10B axis.a, b A549 (a) and H1792 (b) cells were treated with PEM at 5.0 μM for the indicated times (0, 6, 12, 24, 36 and 48 h). Cell lysates were analyzed by Western blotting with antibodies against YIPF2, TNFRSF10B and ACTB. c A549 cells were treated with doxorubicin (DOX) at various concentrations (0–2.0 μM) for 18 h. Cell lysates were analyzed by Western blotting with antibodies against YIPF2, TNFRSF10B and ACTB. d Overexpression of YIPF2 in H1792 and H1299 cells in the presence or absence of PEM at 5.0 μM for 36 h. Cell lysates were analyzed by Western blotting with antibodies against YIPF2, TNFRSF10B and ACTB. e Knockdown of YIPF2 expression by YIPF2–1 siRNA in A549 and H1792 cells in the presence or absence of PEM at 5.0 μM for 36 h. Cell lysates were analyzed by Western blotting with antibodies against YIPF2, TNFRSF10B and ACTB. f Overexpression of YIPF2 in H1299 cells (left) or Knockdown of YIPF2 expression by YIPF2–1 siRNA in H1792 cells (right) in the presence or absence of PEM at 5.0 μM for 36 h. Cell lysates were analyzed by Western blotting with antibodies against YIPF2, TNFRSF10A and ACTB. g Three A549 cell lines (Ctrl, YIPF2, YIPF2 + siTNFRSF10B) in the presence or absence of PEM at 5.0 μM for 36 h. Cell lysates were analyzed by Western blotting with antibodies against YIPF2, TNFRSF10B, CASP8, CASP3 and ACTB. h Three H1299 cell lines (Ctrl, siYIPF2–1, siYIPF2–1 + TNFRSF10B (short isoform)) in the presence or absence of PEM at 5.0 μM for 36 h. Cell lysates were analyzed by Western blotting with antibodies against YIPF2, TNFRSF10B, CASP8, CASP3 and ACTB. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32303681), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

Inhibition of CIP2A by siRNA impeded cell viability and DNA synthesis in HPV‐16E6–expressing cells. A, Elevated expression of CIP2A protein in 16E6‐expressing RPE1 cells. B, Western blot analysis of CIP2A and p53 proteins after transfection with scrambled siRNA (siCon) or CIP2A siRNA (siCIP2A) for 48 h. A representative of 3 independent experiments is shown. C, Cell viability assay of RPE1‐16E6 cells with CIP2A knockdown. D, Representative flow cytometry of BrdU staining profiles is shown. E, The mean and SD of BrdU‐positive cells from 3 experiments are summarized. **, P < .01. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29893470), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

Characterization of CIP2A expression in a panel of normal human melanocytes (NHM) and melanoma cell lines. (A) Immunoblot analysis and (B) quantification of protein expression levels of CIP2A (C) CIP2A mRNA expression measured by qRT-PCR. NHM1 line was used as calibrator. (D) Cytoplasmic and nuclear expression of CIP2A in normal melanocytes, primary and metastatic melanoma cell lines assessed by immunoblot analysis and (E) by immunohistochemical staining. CIP2A, cancerous inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25663244), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

$TAZ induces Tfam protein expression at the translational level.a The expression of mitochondrial biogenic factors, including Tfam, Ppargc1a (Pgc1 alpha ), Nrf1, and Nrf2, was analysed using quantitative reverse transcription (qRT)-PCR in the gastrocnemius muscle of wild-type (WT) and muscle-specific TAZ knockout (mKO) mice; n = 6 for each condition (Tfam; *p = 0.0498, Nrf1; *p = 0.0467). b Protein was analysed via immunoblotting to detect TAZ and the indicated mitochondrial biogenic factors in (a). Alpha-tubulin was used as the loading control. c RNA was isolated from the control (Con) and TAZ knockdown (KD) C2C12 myotubes, and the expression of the indicated mitochondrial biogenic factors was analysed using qRT-PCR. The experiments were performed in triplicate (Tfam; *p = 0.04). d Protein from the Con and TAZ KD C2C12 myotubes was assessed via immunoblotting to detect TAZ and mitochondrial biogenic factors. Beta-actin was used as the loading control. e RNA was isolated from WT, TAZ-knockout (KO), and TAZ-rescued (T) mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEF), and the indicated mitochondrial biogenic factors were analysed via qRT-PCR. f Protein from WT, KO, and T MEF was assessed via immunoblotting to detect TAZ and the indicated mitochondrial biogenic factors. Beta-actin was used as the loading control. g Protein was isolated from the gastrocnemius muscle of WT and mKO mice and analysed via immunoblotting to detect TAZ, YAP, and proteins involved in the translation of both phosphorylated and total forms. Alpha-tubulin was used as the loading control. h Protein obtained from the Con and TAZ KD C2C12 myotubes was assessed via immunoblotting to observe TAZ and proteins involved in translation. Beta-actin was used as the loading control. i Protein was isolated from WT, KO, and T MEF and analysed via immunoblotting to detect TAZ and proteins involved in translation. Vinculin was used as the loading control. j The polysome profile of cells described in panel i was evaluated continuously by measuring absorbance at 254 nm. The 40S, 60S, 80S, and polysome fractions are denoted by the corresponding peaks. k The distribution of Tfam, Atp5d, and Gapdh mRNA from cells described in (j) across a density gradient was analysed using reverse transcription (RT)-PCR. bp = base pairs. For a, b, g 8 to 10-week-old mice were used. Data are presented as mean ± SEM for (a), mean ± SD for (c, e). Statistical significance was analysed via two-sided t-test for (a) and one-sided t-test for (c). One-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparison test was used for (e). Representative data was shown and experiments were performed at least twice with similar results for (b, d, f–i, k). Source data are provided as a Source data file. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35115527), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.$

Dynamics of the hypoxia-triggered decrease in MET phosphorylation and its reversal upon reoxygenation(A) MCF10A cells were incubated under normoxia or hypoxia for 1 h. They were then treated, under the same oxygen pressure, with 10 ng/mL HGF/SF for 5, 10, 20, 30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes. A control (Ctrl) without any HGF/SF stimulation was also performed. The same amount of protein was analyzed by western blotting with antibodies directed against: phosphorylated residues in the MET kinase domain, the MET kinase domain, the hypoxia marker HIF1a, phosphorylated Akt, Akt, Erk2, phosphorylated Erk, and actine. The positions of prestained molecular weight markers are indicated. Arrows indicate the positions of precursor and mature full-length MET. (B) MCF10A cells were incubated under hypoxia for 5, 10, 15 or 30 minutes. Another set of cells were incubated under hypoxia for 1 h and then returned to normoxia for 5, 10, 15 or 30 min (re-oxygenation). A control under normoxic (N) conditions was also included. The same amount of protein was analyzed by western blotting as previously described with the addition of GAB1 and its phosphorylated form. (C) MCF10A cells were placed under normoxic or hypoxic conditions for 1 h or hypoxia for 1 h and then normoxia for 10 minutes (reoxygenation). Cells were then treated at the indicated time with 10 ng/mL of HGF/SF. Cell lysates were incubated for AlphaScreen specific phospho-Erk and phospho-Akt quantitation. Error bars represent standard deviations (n = 3; ± SD). Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29930749), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

Downregulation of La autoantigen, hVAP-A, PSMA7, and NS5B leads to reduction in viral replication: overnight grown Huh-7.5 cells were transfected with La autoantigen, hVAP-A, and PSMA7 siRNAs for 48 h. Cells were then infected with the virus and again transfected with same siRNAs. After incubation total RNA was isolated and subjected to RT-PCR. NS5B siRNA was transfected once only after cells were infected. (a), (c), (e), and (g) represent RT-PCR results for target genes and NS5B gene upon treatment with La autoantigen, hVAP-A, PSMA7, and NS5B siRNAs, respectively. Densitometric analysis of (a), (c), (e), and (g) images is expressed in percentage in (b), (d), (f), and (h), respectively. The data represent mean ± standard deviation. ∗P value < 0.05 versus control considered statistically significant. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27446609), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

FUS does not bind VAPB or PTPIP51 in immunoprecipitation assays from transfected HEK293 cellsCells were transfected as indicated with control vector (CTRL), HA‐FUS + CTRL, myc‐VAPB + CTRL, or myc‐VAPB + either HA‐FUS, HA‐FUSR521C or HA‐FUSR518K. VAPB was immunoprecipitated via the myc‐tag and the samples probed on immunoblots for VAPB using rabbit VAPB antibody and for co‐immunoprecipitating FUS via the HA tag. Input VAPB and FUS were detected using myc and HA antibodies.Cells were transfected as indicated with control vector (CTRL), HA‐FUS + CTRL, HA‐PTPIP51 + CTRL or HA‐PTPIP51 + either HA‐FUS, HA‐FUSR521C or HA‐FUSR518K. PTPIP51 was immunoprecipitated using rat anti‐PTPIP51 and the samples probed for PTPIP51 using rabbit anti‐HA antibody and for co‐immunoprecipitating FUS using rabbit FUS antibody. Input PTPIP51 and FUS were detected using PTPIP51 and EGFP antibodies, respectively. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27418313), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

APCDD1 is co-regulated by MEIS1 and EWS-FLI1 and mediates the oncogenic role of MEIS1. (A, B) Silencing of (A) MEIS1 or (B) EWS-FLI1 downregulated expression of both APCDD1 mRNA and protein. Error bars represent mean ± SD of three replicates (**P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001). (C, D) APCDD1 knockdown potently (C) inhibited cell proliferation and (D) decreased colony formation. Error bars represent mean ± SD of three replicates (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001). (E) A673 and SKNMC cells stably expressing shMEIS1 were transiently transfected with plasmid encoding APCDD1, and subjected to immunoblotting and MTT assays. Bars represent mean ± SD of three replicates (**P < 0.01). (F) Proposed model showing that MEIS1 and EWS-FLI1 co-operatively activate APCDD1 transcription, thereby promoting the malignant phenotype of Ewing sarcoma cells. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30496486), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

Pharmacologic inhibition of ATM rescues oxidative stress-induced senescence by suppressing ATM- and NEMO-mediated NF-kappa B activation. (A) Representative images of primary WT and Ercc1-/- MEFs were induced to undergo senescence by serial passaging at 20% oxygen. At passage 5, MEFs were grown in the presence or absence of KU-55933 (10 μM) for 72 hrs. Senescence was determined by SA-beta gal staining. Images were obtained at the magnification of 10x. (B) Quantitation of the percent SA-beta gal positive cells. Graph represents the mean +/- s.e.m. of three independent experiments. Student’s t-test, ***p <0.001, ****p <0.0001. (C) Passage 5 Ercc1-/- MEFs treated with vehicle or KU-55933 (10 μM) for 72 hours were collected and levels of p21 and p16INK4a were determined by western blotting. (D) Passage 5 Ercc1-/- MEFs were treated with KU-55933 (10 μM) for 72 hours and whole cell lysate (CL) and nuclear extracts (NE) were analyzed by immunoblotting for expression of proteins involved in the DNA damage response. (E) Whole cell lysate (CL) and nuclear extract (NE) were extracted from Ercc1-/- MEFs treated with 10 μM of KU-55933 for analysis of nuclear NEMO and p65. GAPDH was used as a loading control of total proteins and LaminA/C as a loading control of nuclear protein. (F) Passage 5 WT and Ercc1-/- MEFs transfected with a NF-kappa B-luciferase reporter construct were cultured in the presence or absence of KU-55933 (10 μM) and were collected for luciferase assays after 72 hours. (G) qRT-PCR analysis of mRNA expression in passage 5 WT and Ercc1-/- MEFs treated with or without of KU-55933 (10 μM) for 72 hrs. P values were determined using a Student’s t-test. *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p <0.001. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32201398), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

Inhibition of splicing downregulates repair factors at both the mRNA and protein levels. (a) U2OS cells were treated with pladienolide B for 2, 6 and 16 h and irradiated (6 Gy, 1 h recovery) 1 h prior to termination of the treatment. The levels of the indicated mRNAs were measured through qPCR analysis. The change is relative to the DMSO control and two reference genes (18S rRNA and beta -actin). Means±S.D. are shown, n=3. (b) qPCR analysis of the levels mRNA and pre-mRNA for RNF8 and RAD51 in U2OS cells treated with pladienolide B or isoginkgetin for 2, 6 or 16 h and irradiated (6 Gy, 1 h recovery) 1 h prior to termination of this treatment. The change is expressed relative to the DMSO control value and the levels of mRNA for two reference genes (18S rRNA and beta -actin). Means±S.D. are shown, n=3. The arrows indicate the positioning of the PCR primers used and their sequences are shown in Supplementary Table S1. (c) Western blotting following pladienolide B treatment of U2OS cells as described in (a). beta -Actin was used as a loading control. Densitometric quantification of each protein is shown in Supplementary Figure S2B. The three MDC1 bands correspond to the unphosphorylated, phosphorylated and hyperphosphorylated forms of full-length MDC1 Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27315300), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

LAIR-1 inhibits Glut1-related glucose uptake in OS cells. a Heatmap showing the levels of differentially expressed mRNAs. b Top 20 KEGG pathway annotation categories for target gene functions of predicted mRNAs. c Selected significantly differentially expressed mRNA-related to EMT in RNA-seq data between two groups, ***P < 0.001. d qPCR validation of differentially expressed EMT-related genes in LV-NC and LV-LAIR-1-overexpressing OS cells, **P < 0.01. e Glut1 expression analyzed by western blotting. f Immunofluorescence staining of Glut1 in the LV-LAIR-1-overexpressing OS cells. Scale bar = 50 μm. Data were obtained from at least two independent experiments. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32563267), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

Lysyl Oxidase (LOX) expression in malignant and non-malignant human prostate tissue.(A) Representative immunohistochemical staining of LOX (brown) in sections of non-malignant prostate tissue specimens (TINT epithelium and TINT stroma) from two prostate cancer patients (original magnifications x 200). Case A show weak epithelial staining (score 1) and Case B strong epithelial staining (score 3). (B) Consecutive sections from non-malignant prostate tissue stained with in situ hybridization or immunohistochemistry for LOX. Note that mRNA (brown dots) and protein (brown) expression in individual glands were related, in the stroma in contrast mRNA was generally low but protein often detected (original magnifications x200). (C) LOX mRNA expression in non-malignant prostate tissue (TINT) (n = 12), in primary prostate tumor tissue (n = 12), and in castration-resistant bone metastases (CRPC) (n = 30) using Illumina gene expression array. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26501565), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

Recruitment of 53BP1 and TRF2 to fs NIR laser-induced DNA lesions. (A) EGFP-53BP11220-1711 and TRF2-YFP cell lines were subjected to NIR laser microirradiation with the input power ranging from 20 mW to 155 mW (corresponding to ≈7 × 1010 W/cm2 to 5.41 × 1011 W/cm2 peak irradiance) as indicated. EGFP-53BP11220-1711 and TRF2-YFP recruitment was monitored for 15 min and 6 min p.i., respectively. The number of the cells with the recruitment and the number of cells examined are shown at the top of each histogram. Detailed microirradiation energy and irradiance calculations versus the laser input power (the power of the laser beam entering the microscope) are shown in Table 2. (B) Time course fluorescence measurement of the damage-site recruitment of EGFP-53BP11220-1711 and TRF2-YFP. PtK2 cells stably expressing EGFP-53BP11220-1711 or TRF2-YFP were damaged with either low (60 mW input power with peak irradiance of ≈2.1 × 1011 W/cm2; upper panel) or high (100 mW input power with peak irradiance of 3.49 × 1011 W/cm2; lower panel) dose of NIR laser microirradiation as indicated. For EGFP-53BP11220-1711, four and three cells were followed for 30 min for 60 mW and 100 mW damage, respectively. For TRF2-YFP, four cells each were followed for 4 min. The fluorescent intensity at the damage site was divided by that in the nucleoplasm and was subtracted by one for normalization. (C) Similar experiments as in (B) were performed following EGFP-53BP11220-1711 recruitment, and live fluorescent images of one representative cell each at indicated p.i. time points are shown. Time 0:00 refers to pre-laser condition. The irradiation site is indicated by a black line at time 0:00 and white arrowheads. Consistent results were obtained with 12 and 8 cells examined for the low (60 mW) and high (100 mW) irradiation condition, respectively. Scale bar = 10 μm. (D) Similar experiments as in (C) for TRF2-YFP. Consistent results were obtained with 11 and 12 cells examined for the low (60 mW) and high (100 mW) irradiation condition, respectively. Scale bar = 10 μm. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26424850), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

Reactivity:

Hu, Mu, Rt, Bt, Bv, Ca, Fi, Gt, Pm, Po, Pm, Fe, Pm-Or, Rb, Sh

Species Glossary

Reactivity: Hu, Mu, Rt, Bt, Bv, Ca, Fi, Gt, Pm, Po, Pm, Fe, Pm-Or, Rb, Sh

Applications:

, , , , , , , , , ,

Applications: , , , , , , , , , ,

Host:

Rabbit Polyclonal

Host: Rabbit Polyclonal

Sizes:

Sample Size Available

Sizes: Sample Size Available

Conjugate:

Unconjugated

Available Conjugates:

Validated by:

Validated by:

Conjugate	Catalog #	Availability	Size	Price
Alexa Fluor 350	NB100-304AF350
Alexa Fluor 405	NB100-304AF405
Alexa Fluor 488	NB100-304AF488
Alexa Fluor 532	NB100-304AF532
Alexa Fluor 594	NB100-304AF594
Alexa Fluor 647	NB100-304AF647
Alexa Fluor 700	NB100-304AF700
Alexa Fluor 750	NB100-304AF750
Allophycocyanin	NB100-304APC
Allophycocyanin/Cy7	NB100-304APCCY7
Biotin	NB100-304B
DyLight 350	NB100-304UV
DyLight 405	NB100-304V
DyLight 488	NB100-304G
DyLight 550	NB100-304R
DyLight 594	NB100-304DL594
DyLight 650	NB100-304C
DyLight 680	NB100-304FR
DyLight 755	NB100-304IR
FITC	NB100-304F
HRP	NB100-304H
Janelia Fluor 549	NB100-304JF549
Janelia Fluor 646	NB100-304JF646
PE	NB100-304PE
PE/Atto594	NB100-304PEATT594
PE/Cy5.5	NB100-304PECY55
PE/Cy7	NB100-304PECY7
PerCP	NB100-304PCP
mFluor Violet 450 SE	NB100-304MFV450
mFluor Violet 500 SE	NB100-304MFV500
mFluor Violet 610 SE	NB100-304MFV610

Available Formulations

Formulation	Catalog #	Availability	Price
BSA Free	NB100-304SS

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AB-108-C

Goat IgG Isotype Control [Unconjugated]

(2 Reviews)

(615 Publications)

1 mg

AB-108-C

SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cell line was stained with Goat Anti-Human/Mouse/RatEphrin-B2 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog #AF496,filled histogram) or Normal Goat IgG Isotype Control Antibody(Catalog # AB-108-C, open histogram), followed by Phycoerythrin-conjugatedAnti-Goat IgG Secondary Antibody (Catalog #F0107).

Decreased macrophage recruitment correlates with decreased angiogenesis.A) Quantification of BrdU incorporation demonstrates that decreased macrophage infiltration does not significantly correlate with a change in epithelial cell proliferation (N.S. = not significant). B) Quantification of VWF staining reveals decreased blood vessels associated with epithelial structures in mammary glands from mice treated with B/B and anti-CX3CR1 blocking antibody compared with mice treated with B/B and IgG control antibody. *p<0.05. C, D) Representative images of VWF stained mammary glands from mice treated with B/B and either control IgG antibody (C) or anti-CX3CR1 (D). Green = VWF staining, blue = DAPI. Arrows indicate VWF-positive structures. Scale bars represent 50 µM. Results in each figure panel are representative of a minimum of three different mice for each treatment group and genotype. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0045877), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

iFGFR1 activation in vivo promotes recruitment of CX3CR1-positive macrophages.MMTV-iFGFR1 transgenic mice were treated with B/B in order to analyze the population of macrophages that are recruited to the mammary epithelium during early stages of iFGFR1-induced mammary tumorigenesis. A) MMTV-iFGFR1 mice treated with B/B demonstrated an increase in macrophage recruitment after 10 days as indicated by an increased in the number of F4/80 positive cells. MMTV-iFGFR1 mice treated with anti-CX3CR1 in conjunction with B/B demonstrated a reduction in macrophage recruitment at 10 days indicating that iFGFR1 activation is responsible for recruiting a subset of macrophages that express CX3CR1. ***p<0.0001. Error bars represent SEM. B) Representative image of macrophages associated with budding epithelial structures in mammary glands from mice treated with control IgG antibody. C) Representative image of macrophages associated with budding epithelial structures in mammary glands from mice treated with anti-CX3CR1. Red = F4/80 staining, blue = DAPI. Scale bars represent 50 µM. Results in each figure panel are representative of a minimum of three different mice for each treatment group and genotype. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0045877), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

Reactivity:

Gt

Species Glossary

Reactivity: Gt

Applications:

Applications:

Host:

Goat Polyclonal

Host: Goat Polyclonal

Conjugate:

Unconjugated

Available Conjugates:

Conjugate	Catalog #	Availability	Size	Price
Alexa Fluor 488	IC108G
Alexa Fluor 647	IC108R
Alexa Fluor 700	IC108N
Allophycocyanin	IC108A
Biotin	BAF108
Fluorescein	IC108F
PerCP (Peridinin-chlorophyll Protein Complex)	IC108C
Phycoerythrin	IC108P

Available Formulations

Formulation	Catalog #	Availability	Price
Carrier Free	IC108A
Carrier Free	IC108C
Carrier Free	IC108F
Carrier Free	IC108G
Carrier Free	IC108N
Carrier Free	IC108P
Carrier Free	IC108R

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AF-401-NA

IL-1 beta/IL-1F2 Antibody [Unconjugated]

(3 Reviews)

(515 Publications)

100 μg

AF-401-NA

Western blot shows lysates of THP‑1 human acute monocytic leukemia cell line untreated (-)ortreated (+) with 200 nM PMA for 24 hoursand 10 μg/mL LPS for 4 hours andRAW 264.7 mouse monocyte/macrophagecell line untreated (-)or treated (+) with10 μg/mL LPS for 24 hours. PVDF membrane was probed with 0.25 µg/mL of Goat Anti-Mouse IL‑1 beta /IL‑1F2 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF-401-NA) followed by HRP-conjugated Anti-Goat IgG Secondary Antibody (Catalog # HAF017). A specific band was detected for IL‑1 beta /IL‑1F2 at approximately 35 kDa (as indicated). This experiment was conducted under reducing conditions and using Immunoblot Buffer Group 1.

IL‑1 beta /IL‑1F2 was detected in immersion fixed MCF‑7 human breast cancer cell line using Goat Anti-Mouse IL‑1 beta /IL‑1F2 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF-401-NA) at 8 µg/mL for 3 hours at room temperature. Cells were stained using the NorthernLights™ 557-conjugated Anti-Goat IgG Secondary Antibody (red; Catalog # NL001) and counterstained with DAPI (blue). Specific staining was localized to cytoplasm. View our protocol for Fluorescent ICC Staining of Cells on Coverslips.

IL‑1 beta /IL‑1F2 was detected in perfusion fixed frozen sections of mouse thymus using Goat Anti-Mouse IL‑1 beta /IL‑1F2 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF-401-NA) at 15 µg/mL overnight at 4 °C. Tissue was stained using the Anti-Goat HRP-DAB Cell & Tissue Staining Kit (brown; Catalog # CTS008) and counterstained with hematoxylin (blue). View our protocol for Chromogenic IHC Staining of Frozen Tissue Sections.

Simple Western lane view shows lysates of RAW 264.7 mouse monocyte/macrophage cell line untreated (-) or treated (+) with 10 µg/mL LPS for 24 hours, loaded at 0.5 mg/mL. A specific band was detected for IL‑1 beta /IL‑1F2 at approximately 40 kDa (as indicated) using 2.5 µg/mL of Goat Anti-Mouse IL‑1 beta /IL‑1F2 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF-401-NA) followed by 1:50 dilution of HRP-conjugated Anti-Goat IgG Secondary Antibody (Catalog # HAF109). This experiment was conducted under reducing conditions and using the 12-230 kDa separation system.

Recombinant MouseIL‑1 beta /IL‑1F2 (Catalog # 401-ML) stimulates proliferation in the the D10.G4.1 mouse helper T cell line in a dose-dependent manner (orange line) as measured by Resazurin (Catalog # AR002). Proliferation elicited by Recombinant Mouse IL‑1 beta /IL‑1F2 (50 pg/mL) is neutralized (green line) by increasing concentrations of Goat Anti-Mouse IL-1 beta /IL-1F2 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF-401-NA). The ND50 is typically ≤0.25 µg/mL.

Quercetin inhibits auto-reactive NLRP3 inflammasome.(A) IL-1 beta concentrations in Nlrp3A350V/A350V and WT BMDM culture supernatants primed with LPS (500 ng/ml) for 90 min and treated with quercetin 1 h after LPS. (B) Supernatants of BMDM were analyzed by anti-ASC, anti-Caspase-1 immunoblotting. Lysates of BMDM were analyzed by anti-IL-1 beta and anti-beta -actin immunoblotting. Data shown are representative of two or more experiments (means ± SD) ***p VC006). Before incubation with the primary antibody, tissue was subjected to heat-induced epitope retrieval using VisUCyte Antigen Retrieval Reagent-Basic (Catalog # VCTS021). Tissue was stained using DAB (brown) and counterstained with hematoxylin (blue). Specific staining was localized to cytoplasm in epithelial cells. View our protocol for IHC Staining with VisUCyte HRP Polymer Detection Reagents.

GRA7-I-induced inflammasome activation was required for antimicrobial activity in MTB-infected macrophages.(A and B) BMDMs from PKC alpha +/+ and PKC alpha -/- mice (A) and BMDMs were transduced with lentivirus-shRNA-NS or lentivirus-shRNA-ASC for 2 days (B) infected with MTB (MOI = 1) for 4 h and then stimulated with rGRA7 (1, 5, 10 μg/ml) and its mutants for 18 h. IB analysis for IL-1 beta p17, IL-18 p18, or caspase-1 p10 in supernatants (SN), ASC, NLRP3, pro-IL-1 beta , pro-IL-18, or pro-caspase-1 in whole-cell lysates (WCL). Actin was used as a loading control. (C and D) Intracellular survival of MTB was assessed by CFU assay. BMDMs were infected with MTB for 4 h, followed by treatment with rGRA7, and then lysed to determine intracellular bacterial loads. The data are representative of five independent experiments with similar results (A and B). Data shown are the mean ± SD of five experiments (C and D). Significant differences (*P p>0.001,***p<0.001, ns = not significant ) as determined by one way ANOVA with Tukey's post test. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0040722), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

Effects of IL-1 beta neutralization on the accumulation of MDSCs in lungs.(A) Immunofluorescent photos showed that Gr-1+ (green)/CD11b+ (red) cells indicate MDSCs and increased in lungs of DJ-1 KO mice. Treatment with anti-IL-1 beta neutralizing antibody antagonized the accumulation of MDSCs. DAPI was used to stain nuclei. (B) Bar chart showed the summarized results of MDSCs in lungs of WT and DJ-1 KO mice. Note that the neutralizing antibody significantly reduced the number of MDSCs accumulated in lungs. n = 9 for each group, * p < 0.05 compared with control IgG-treated WT mice, # p<0.05 compared with respective control IgG in WT and DJ-1 KO mice. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0115827), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

Pro-IL-1 beta degradation is induced by the autophagy inhibitors chloroquine and bafilomycin A, and by the proteasome activator betulinic acid. (A) Chloroquine selectively attenuates IL-1 beta release from cardiac fibroblasts. The cells were incubated with LPS and/or 20 μM chloroquine phosphate as indicated for 18 h, then activated with 3 mM ATP for 60 min. IL-1 beta , TNF, MIP-2, and IL-6 were quantified in the conditioned media (n = 3). (B,C) Cardiac fibroblasts were incubated with LPS for 18 h with or without 20 μM chloroquine phosphate and pro-IL-1 beta quantified with western blot (n = 3). (D) Pro-IL-1 beta mRNA expression was quantified with qPCR (n = 3). (E,F) Cardiac fibroblasts were incubated with LPS for 20 h with or without 10% FCS or 20 μM chloroquine phosphate as indicated. The amount of total ubiquitinated protein was quantified with western blot (n = 4). (G,H) Cardiac fibroblasts were incubated with 10% FCS with or without 10 ng/mL LPS and/or 100 nM bafilomycin A1 for 20 h. Pro-IL-1 beta was quantified with western blot. (I,J) Cardiac fibroblasts were incubated with 10% FCS with or without 10 ng/mL LPS and/or 20 μM betulinic acid as indicated for 20 h. Pro-IL-1 beta was quantified with western blot. All columns are mean with SEM. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 (paired student t-test). Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31244838), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

Pro-IL-1 beta maturation is regulated by POH1-mediated deubiquitination. a, b HEK293T cells were transfected with plasmids encoding Flag-caspase-1, Vsv-ASC, His-pro-IL-1 beta (WT) or His-pro-IL-1 beta -K133R with different amounts (125, 250, 500 ng) of plasmid encoding Flag-POH1 and 500 ng of control plasmid, the secretion of a IL-1 beta in the supernatants was quantified by ELISA 36 h after transfection; b the cell lysates were IB with the indicated antibodies. c Mutants of murine pro-IL-1 beta with replacement of various lysine residues. d-f HEK293T cells were transfected with Flag-POH1, V5-caspase-1, V5-ASC, His-pro-IL-1 beta (WT) or its mutants, along d with or e-f without HA-tagged K63-only Ub, then d cells were subjected to IP with an anti-His antibody and IB with the indicated antibodies. e The IL-1 beta levels in supernatants were measured by ELISA; or f the cell lysates were collected and IB with the indicated antibodies. g Proposed function of POH1 as a negative regulator in mediating IL-1 beta processing. POH1, upregulated by TLR3/4 activation, interacts with and deubiquitinates pro-IL-1 beta , resulting in restriction of IL-1 beta cleavage and secretion. Similar results were obtained from three independent experiments. The results represent the mean ± s.d. of three independent sets of experiments. **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 (one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post-hoc test) Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30315153), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

Serum starvation selectively induces pro-IL-1 beta degradation in cardiac fibroblasts. (A) Cells were incubated with 10 ng/mL LPS for 5 or 20 h with or without 10% FCS and western blot analysis of pro-IL-1 beta and NLRP3 performed. Blots are representative of 3 independent experiments. (B) Protein bands were quantified and the ratios to beta -actin normalized to mean control = 1 (n = 3). (C,D) Cardiac fibroblasts were incubated with or without 10% FCS and primed with LPS for 20 h. Western blot analysis of complex II (mitochondrial mass marker) and NLRP3- inflammasome protein components (NEK7, NLRP3, ASC, pro-caspase-1, and pro-IL-1 beta ) were performed. Bands were quantified and the ratios to beta -actin normalized to mean control = 1 (n = 4, for ASC n = 10). (E,F) Cardiac fibroblasts (120,000 cells per well seeded in 6 well plates) were incubated with 10 ng/mL LPS for 20 h, with or without 10% FCS, then stained with 500 nM MitoTracker Deep Red for 45 min before MitoTracker fluorescence intensity was quantified with flow cytometry analysis (633 nm laser). All cells were analyzed and all gated cells included in the analysis. The presented dot plots (E) show the gate in red and are representative for 9 biological repeats. Median MitoTracker intensity with and without 10% FCS are shown (F). All columns are mean with SEM. *p < 0.05,**p < 0.01 (paired student t-test). Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31244838), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

Differential effects of IL-1 beta neutralization on melanoma lung nodules in WT and DJ-1 KO mice.(A) IL-1 beta antibody (10μg) or control IgG was intravenously injected into mice once. The melanoma cells (6×104) were intravenously injected 30 minutes later. The mice were sacrificed three weeks later. Bar chart showed that the anti-IL-1 beta neutralizing antibody can effectively lower serum IL-1 beta levels as compared with control IgG in both WT and DJ-1 KO mice. Note that serum IL-1 beta levels were higher in DJ-1 KO mice than those in WT mice. (B) Inhibition of IL-1 beta neutralization on lung nodules formation in DJ-1 KO mice. Upper panels: melanoma nodules in lungs of WT (top) and KO (bottom) mice treated with control IgG (left) or neutralizing anti-IL-1 beta antibody (right). For each experimental condition, the gross and microscopic morphologies of tumor nodules are indicated by arrows, and are shown at left and right sites, respectively. Scale bars: 0.5 mm for lung photographs and 0.5 mm for H&E staining. Lower panel: Bar chart showed the summarized results of lung nodule numbers in WT and DJ-1 KO mice. Note that IL-1 beta neutralization enhanced and suppressed melanoma nodules formation in WT and DJ-1 KO mice, respectively. Data are presented as mean ± S.E.M. n = 5 for each group, * p < 0.05 compared with control IgG-treated WT mice, # p<0.05 compared with respective control IgG in WT and DJ-1 KO mice. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0115827), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

Inflammasome assembly and mature IL-1 beta release in the spinal cord after sciatic nerve axotomy. a Speck-like costaining of NLRP3 and ASC in injured neurons 3 days after the injury (arrows). b Representative WB images of mature IL-1 beta and beta -actin proteins 3 days after unilateral axotomy of sciatic nerve. c Quantification of active IL-1 beta protein expression. N = 3 animals/group. The graph shows values normalized to beta -actin levels and relative to contralateral side. Mean values are shown on bars. Bars represent average ± SEM. **p < 0.01 (ANOVA with Bonferroni post hoc, ax. + vehicle vs. contralateral side). #p < 0.05, ##p < 0.01 (ANOVA with Bonferroni post hoc, compared to ax. + vehicle). Ax. axotomy Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35305649), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

$GRA7-I activated inflammasomes in an ASC-binding dependent manner.(A) Bacterially purified 6xHis-GRA7-I and its mutants were analyzed by Coomassie blue staining (left) or IB with alpha His (right). (B) BMDMs from PKC alpha +/+ and PKC alpha -/- (left) or BMDMs were transduced with lentivirus-shRNA-NS or lentivirus-shRNA-ASC (MOI = 100) with polybrene (8 μg/mL) (right) for 2 days, the cells were stimulated with rGRA7 (5 μg/ml) and its mutants for the indicated times and culture supernatants were harvested and analyzed for cytokine ELISA for IL-1 beta and IL-18. Data shown are the means ± SD of five experiments. Significant differences (*P < 0.05; ***P < 0.001) compared with PKC alpha +/+ or shRNA-NS. (C) IB analysis for IL-1 beta p17, IL-18 p18, or caspase-1 p10 in supernatants (SN), ASC, NLRP3, pro-IL-1 beta , pro-IL-18, or pro-caspase-1 in whole-cell lysates (WCL). Actin was used as a loading control. (D) IB analysis of lysates of BMDMs as in B and C solubilized with Triton X-100–containing buffer, followed by cross-linkage of insoluble fractions with disuccinimidyl suberate to capture ASC oligomers and analysis of those fractions (I + DSS) and soluble fractions (S) with antibody to ASC. Actin was used as a loading control. (E) Fluorescence confocal images showing formation of speck-like ASC pyroptosomes in BMDMs from PKC alpha +/+ and PKC alpha -/- mice were stimulated with rGRA7 and its mutants for 18 h, fixed, immunostained with antibodies for ASC (Alexa 488). Scale bar, 10 μm. The data are representative of five independent experiments with similar results (A and C-E). Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1006126), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.$

The B6 variant of NLRP1B is not cleaved by LF but can form an inflammasome in response to proteolysis.(A) The amino acid sequence of the first 244 residues of NLRP1BB6 was aligned to the homologous sequence of NLRP1B129. The arrow above the alignment indicates the LF-cleavage site in NLRP1B129. Asterisks indicate sites of amino acid identity. (B) For detection of NLRP1B expression, 293T cells were transfected with the indicated amounts of and empty vector (V) or plasmids encoding GFP-HA-NLRP1B129 or GFP-HA-NLRP1BB6 (construct schematics and the predicted molecular weight of each protein is depicted in the upper panel). Cells were treated overnight with anthrax lethal toxin protein (LeTx, 1μg/ml) 24h post-transfection, and then lysates were analyzed by immunoblotting (IB) with the indicated antibodies. For NLRP1 expression and cleavage, CASP1 and IL1B were omitted to prevent cell death and resulting apparent differences of expression. For blots probed with anti-HA (NLRP1B), the lysates were not boiled prior to loading to prevent aggregation and smearing of full-length and FIIND-processed NLRP1B on the immunoblot. To visualize the N-terminal processed form of NLRP1B, the lysates were boiled and resolved on a separate gel. (C) 293T Cells were transfected with the same amount of titrated NLRP1B encoding plasmid and treated as in B, but transfections also included plasmids encoding mouse CASP1 (200ng), IL-1 beta (200ng) and 200ng of empty vector. (D) For detection of NLRP1B expression, 293T cells were transfected for 36h with 250ng of plasmids encoding WT 129 or B6 NLRP1B or mutants engineered to express the TEV-protease site. Each plasmid was co-transfected with either 100ng of empty vector (V) or plasmids encoding TEV-protease (pTEV) or lethal factor protease (pLF), supplemented with 300ng empty vector (pMSCV). Cells were not treated with LeTx and lysates were analyzed by immunoblotting as in (B). (E) Cells were treated as in C, but with 8ng of plasmids encoding NLRP1B, along with 200ng of plasmids encoding mCASP-1 and mIL-1 beta , and 200ng empty vector to normalize plasmid quantities. Lower quantities of NLRP1B were transfected as compared to panel D so to avoid spontaneous NLPR1B activation. For panels B-E, data shown are representative of at least three similar experiments. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1006052), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

SHP inhibits the signal 2 activation of NLRP3 inflammasome.(a,b) LPS-primed BMDMs were treated with fenofibrate (10, 20, 50 μM for 4 h), or (c,d) LPS-primed THP-1 cells were treated with recombinant macrophage-stimulating protein (MSP 10, 50, 100 ng ml−1 for 4 h), and then activated with ATP (5 mM) for 30 min, followed by IB analysis of IL-1 beta p17 or caspase-1 p10 in supernatants (SN), pro-IL-1 beta or pro-caspase-1 in whole-cell lysates (WCL), with actin as a loading control. Data are representative of three independent experiments (a,c). Supernatants were collected and subjected to ELISA for IL-1 beta , IL-18, TNF-alpha and IL-8. Data are the means±s.d. of values from four independent experiments (b,d). *P<0.05; **P<0.01; ***P<0.001, compared with control (two-tailed Student’s t-test). FF, fenofibrate. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//www.nature.com/articles/ncomms7115), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

NLRP1A is activated by N-terminal proteolysis.(A) The amino acid sequence of the first 244 residues of NLRP1AB6 was aligned to NLRP1B129 and NLRP1BB6. The arrow above the alignment indicates the LF-cleavage site in NLRP1B129. (B) 293T cells were transfected for 36h with 200ng empty vector (V) or plasmids pcDNA3.1-HA-NLRP1B129 or -NLRP1AB6-MYC (CMV promoter) along with 200ng mCASP1 and 200ng mIL-1 beta expression vectors. Cells were treated overnight with anthrax lethal toxin (LeTx, 1μg/ml) 24h post-transfection, and then lysates were analyzed by immunoblotting (IB) with the indicated antibodies. (C) 293T cells were transfected for 36h with plasmids encoding 400ng GFP-HA-NLRP1B129 or GFP-HA-NLRP1AB6 (under the control of the LTR promoter in pMSCV) or with mutants engineered to contain an N-terminal TEV protease site. Cells were also co-transfected with 100ng empty vector (V) or plasmids encoding TEV-protease (pTEV) or lethal factor protease (pLF), plus 300ng empty pMSCV. (D) To assess IL-1 beta cleavage, cells were transfected as in C, but with 8ng of GFP-HA-NLRP1B and co-transfected with vectors encoding 200ng mCASP1 and 200ng mIL-1 beta . For panels B-D, data shown are representative of at least three similar experiments. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1006052), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

POH1 inhibits inflammasome-induced pro-IL-1 beta processing. a-c BMDMs from Poh1 delta /+ and Poh1 delta / delta mice were primed with LPS for 12–14 h and then stimulated with ATP (0.5 h), nigericin (Nig, 0.5 h), poly(dA:dT) (5 h) or flagellin (5 h) as indicated, a IL-1 beta , b IL-6 and c TNF alpha levels in supernatants were analysed by ELISA. d-f BMDMs lentivirally transduced with control (Vector) or POH1 were stimulated as in a, d IL-1 beta , e IL-6 and f TNF alpha levels in supernatants were analysed by ELISA. g, h BMDMs g derived from Poh1 delta /+ and Poh1 delta / delta mice or h infected by indicated lentiviruses were treated as in a, the cell lysates (CL) and supernatants (SN) were collected and immunoblotted with the indicated antibodies. Similar results were obtained from three independent experiments. The results represent the mean ± s.d. of three independent sets of experiments. **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 (two-tailed Student’s t-test) Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30315153), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

Quercetin inhibits NLRP3 and AIM2 Inflammasomes.LPS (500 ng/ml)-primed BMDM were treated with the indicated flavonoids and concentrations or vehicle (DMSO 0.01%), then stimulated with (A) 5 mM ATP (B) 10 μM Nigericin (C) 130 μg/ml Alum or (D) 400 ng/ml Poly (dA:dT) 30 minutes after treatment. (A–D) IL-1 beta and (E) TNF-alpha concentration in the culture supernatant were measured by ELISA. (B,F,G) LPS-primed BMDM were stimulated with Nigericin treated with quercetin 30 minutes before secondary stimulation. Supernatants and Lysate of BMDM were analyzed by immunoblotting. Cells were stained with FLICA and Caspase-1 activation was determined by FLICA positivity. Data shown are representative of two or more independent experiments (means ± SD) *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28148962), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

P. gingivalis and its OMVs differentially induce inflammasome signaling and pyroptosis in human macrophages. MDM were infected as before (2 h at MOI of 25:1, see Materials and Methods) with viable P. gingivalis (Pg), heat-killed-Pg (HK-Pg), OMVs, or heat-inactivated-OMVs (HI-OMVs) and (A) the activation of inflammasome components in the lysates was measured after 24 h by Western blot; beta -actin serves as a loading control throughout. Western blot data are representative of at least three independent experiments. (B) Production of IL-1 beta and IL-18 (by ELISA) from MDM was measured in the supernatant at 24 h. Data are mean ± SD from four independent experiments. Cell viability was determined by measuring extracellular LDH release and by 7-AAD exclusion (by flow-cytometry) at 24 h. 7-AAD is a membrane impermeant dye that is excluded from viable cells. The percent of 7-AAD positive (±SD) cells from three independent experiments was calculated relative to the untreated control. MDM treated with H2O2 (1 mM for 60 min) were included as positive control for 7-AAD. A representative histogram is shown. Cells were also treated where indicated with OMVs in the presence of KYT-1 and KYT-36 (10 μM of each). *p < 0.05: n.s, not significant. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28824884), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

P. gingivalis and its OMVs differentially induce inflammasome signaling and pyroptosis in murine macrophages. BMM were infected as before (2 h at MOI of 25:1, see Materials and Methods) with viable P. gingivalis (Pg), heat-killed-Pg (HK-Pg), OMVs, or heat-inactivated-OMVs (HI-OMVs) and (A) the activation of inflammasome components in the lysates [or supernatants (sup) where indicated] measured after 24 h by Western blot; beta -actin serves as a loading control throughout. Western blot data are representative of at least three independent experiments. (B) Production of IL-1 beta and IL-18 (by ELISA) from BMM was measured in the supernatant at 24 h. Data are mean ± SD from four independent experiments. Cell viability was determined by measuring extracellular LDH release and by 7-AAD exclusion (by flow-cytometry) at 24 h. 7-AAD is a membrane impermeant dye that is excluded from viable cells. The percent of 7-AAD positive (±SD) cells from three independent experiments was calculated relative to the untreated control. BMM treated with H2O2 (1 mM for 60 min) were included as positive control for 7-AAD. A representative histogram is shown. Cells were also treated where indicated with OMVs in the presence of KYT-1 and KYT-36 (10 μM of each). *p < 0.05. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28824884), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

Caspase-1 but not gasdermin-D processing depends on ASC oligomerization.(a) Western blot analysis for cleaved caspase-1 p20, IL-1 beta p17, and HMGB-1 in cell supernatants (SN) and pro-caspase-1, pro-IL-1 beta and HMGB-1 in cell lysates (lys) of LPS-primed immortalized Asc−/− BMDMs or Asc−/− BMDMs expressing ASCFL, ASCY59A or ASCE80R 3 h after poly(dA:dT) transfection (1 μg ml−1). (b) Release of LDH from LPS-primed immortalized Asc−/− BMDMs or Asc−/− BMDMs expressing ASCFL, ASCY59A or ASCE80R, or derived Casp1 knockouts 3 h after poly(dA:dT) transfection (1 μg ml−1). (c) Western blot analysis for processing of full-length gasdermin-D (GSDMDFL) into the active N-terminal fragment (GSDMDN-term) in combined lysates and supernatants (lys + SN) of LPS-primed immortalized Asc−/− BMDMs expressing ASCFL, ASCY59A or ASCE80R, or derived Casp1 knockouts 3 h after poly(dA:dT) transfection (1 μg ml−1). Arrowhead, gasdermin-DNterm p30; *a cross-reacting band. (d) Release of LDH from LPS-primed primary C57BL/6 WT (WT), Casp1−/−/Casp11−/− or Asc−/− BMDMs infected with S. Typhimurium (multiplicity of infection (MOI)=10, 1 h). (e) Western blot analysis for processing of full-length gasdermin-D (GSDMDFL) into the active N-terminal fragment (GSDMDN-term) in combined lysates and supernatants (lys+SN) of LPS-primed primary C57BL/6 WT (WT), Casp1−/−/Casp11−/− or Asc−/− BMDMs infected with S. Typhimurium (MOI=10, 1 h) or left uninfected. Arrowhead, gasdermin-DNterm p30; *a cross-reacting band; ** a S. Typhimurium-specific cross-reactive band. See also Supplementary Figs 8 and 9. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//www.nature.com/articles/ncomms11929), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

Reactivity:

Mu

Species Glossary

Reactivity: Mu

Applications:

, , , ,

Applications: , , , ,

Host:

Goat Polyclonal

Host: Goat Polyclonal

Sizes:

Sample Size Available

Sizes: Sample Size Available

Conjugate:

Unconjugated

Available Conjugates:

Conjugate	Catalog #	Availability	Size	Price
Biotin	BAF401

Available Formulations

Formulation	Catalog #	Availability	Price
Carrier Free	AF-401-SP

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NB100-479

HIF-1 alpha Antibody - BSA Free

(28 Reviews)

(497 Publications)

0.1 ml

NB100-479

ChIP-qPCR assay of HIF-1 binding to hypoxia response element (HRE) of the PKM2 gene in human MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells treated with vehicle or DMOG (HIF inducer) for 8 hours. Negative control: immunoprecipitation was performed with IgG. Image courtesy of Gregg Semenza, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine.

<b>Biological Strategies Validation. </b>Normoxic pre-treatment sensitizes glioma cells to radiation after graded chronic hypoxic (GCH) exposure. The results of anchorage-independent colony forming assays are shown for U87, U87-luc, GL261 glioma cells and 0308 GSCs after 5 Gy radiation exposure under varying O2 conditions. For easier comparisons among cell types, raw values are expressed as a % of the cell type's negative (non-irradiated) control and the means & SEMs are plotted. Each result represents at least 3 independent samples, plated in triplicate. Holm-Sidak comparisons for multiple groups were used for statistical comparisons of raw values (*p0.05. (d) IDH1R132H expression diminishes DEPTOR levels. Flag-IDH1R132H was introduced in p53−/− MEFs by retroviral transduction and whole-cell lysates immunoblotted. (e) Inhibition of endogenous mutated IDH1R132C decreases mTOR activity in a KDM4A-dependent manner. HT1080 cells were transduced with lentivirus expressing sh_KDM4A.3 or sh_Control. The cells were treated with 3 μM AGI-5198 twice every day for 5 days and whole-cell lysates blotted for markers of mTOR activation. (f) Expression of mutant IDH1 in NHA-hTERT increases mTOR signalling. IDH1WT-Flag or IDH1R132H genes were introduced in astrocytes through retroviral infection and cell lysates were blotted for mTORC2 activation. (g) IDH1R132H overexpression increases 2HG production in astrocytes. Intracellular 2HG levels were normalized to glutamate. Asterisk denotes a statistical difference between IDH1R132H and empty vector cells, two-sided t-test P<0.0001 (graph represents three independent experiments). Error bars represent standard deviation. (h) Treatment of NHA-hTERT with octyl-2HG activates mTOR signalling. The cells were treated for 8 h with 1 mM octyl-2HG. The experiment shown is a representative of triplicates. (i) Non-canonical mTOR activation in IDH1/2WT and IDH1R132H human astrocytomas. Scale bar, 50 μm. Representative samples from IDH1/2WT (n=3) and IDH1R132H (n=3) human astrocytomas are shown. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//www.nature.com/articles/ncomms12700), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

Comparison between primary tumor and mLNs of the mouse model. Expression of CA9 and GGT1 in mLNs was higher than that in the primary tumor at 1week after injection of cells. (A) CA9 and GGT1 expression of HT29 mLNs compared to primary tumor at 6 weeks or 1 week after injection of cells. (B) Tissue oxygen concentration (%) of rectal submucosa (SM) and nLNs (n = 3). Error bars represent SD. mNs: metastatic lymph nodes, nLNs: non metastatic lymph nodes. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30542087), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

Hif1 alpha expression in neonatal and adult testis.(A) Section of testis from 5-day old (P5) male new born pups showing Hif1 alpha expression in MVH+ gonocytes within the seminiferous tubules (top) and negative control images without primary antibodies (bottom). Scale bar: 50μm. (B) Western blot analysis of Hif1 alpha expression in P5 testes (left) compared to extract of the adult brain sub-ventricular zone (SVZ) (right). Loading control ( beta -Actin) is shown below. (C) Section of adult (3 month old) testis showing Hif1 alpha expression in spermatogonia. Scale bar: 30μm. (D) Western blot analysis of whole adult testis. HEK293 cells treated with DFX were used as a positive control and intestinal tissue was used as a negative control. Loading control ( beta -Actin) is shown below. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27148974), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

Subcellular localization of mPARM-1 and hPARM-1 (full-length and mutant proteins). (a) NIH/3T3 cells, transiently transfected with GFP-tagged mParm-1 or hParm-1 constructs were visualized using confocal microscopy. (b) For the Golgi co-localization, transfected NIH/3T3 cells were fixed and stained with Bodipy ceramide marker. For late and early endosomes co-localization, fixed cells were labeled with (c) anti-Rab5 (early endosomes (1:100, Cell signaling)) and (d) anti-Rab7 (late endosomes (1:100, Cell signaling)) antibodies, respectively. Jurkat T cells, transiently transfected with hParm-1-GFP proteins were visualized (e) without fixation or (f) following fixation and staining with CellMask plasma membrane labeling. NIH/3T3 cells were transiently transfected with (g) ∆EC-GFP, (h) ∆SP-GFP, (i) EC-GFP, (j) ∆TM-GFP and (k) ∆CT-GFP constructs of hPARM-1 and visualized using confocal microscopy. (l) hPARM-1-GFP co-localizes with microtubules. NIH/3T3 cells transfected with hParm-1-GFP construct were fixed and stained with anti-alpha -tubulin (1/2000, Sigma) antibody. Arrows indicate co-localized hPARM-1-GFP vesicles and microtubules. NIH/3T3 cells transiently expressing (m) hPARM-1-GFP or (n) ∆CT-GFP were fixed, immunostained for caveolin-1 (1:100, Novus Biologicals), and examined by confocal fluorescence microscopy. For hPARM-1-GFP-caveolin-1 co-localization, cells that clearly demonstrated cell membrane PARM-1 localization were chosen. All co-localizations were observed following merging images of GFP-tagged proteins with those of Golgi, endosomes, plasma membrane, alpha -tubulin or caveolin-1 labeling. Cells were imaged with a laser-scanning confocal microscope (Bio-Rad MRC-1024 ES) mounted on a Nikon TE-300 using a Plan Apochromat 60x (NA 1.40) oil objective (Nikon), digitally acquired using Laser Sharp software Version 3.2 (Bio-Rad). For live cell imaging, signals were collected at a rate of 2 seconds. Images were analyzed using NIH ImageJ Version 1.42l software. Data are representative of 3 independent experiments. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//molecular-cancer.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1476-4598-12-84), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

Inhibition of Cdk1 and Cdk2 by CIP2A knockdown in cervical cancer SiHa cells caused G1 arrest. A, Western blot analysis of 16E6, p53 and CIP2A after HPV‐16E6 knockdown in cervical cancer SiHa cells. B, Protein expression of CIP2A, B‐Myb, Cdk1 and Cdk2 in SiHa cells after CIP2A knockdown. Data from a representative of 3 experiments are shown. C, Flow cytometric analysis of SiHa cells with CIP2A knockdown treated with PBS or bleomycin. A representative flow cytometry of 3 independent experiments is shown. D, Quantification of percentages G1 phase cells. Data from 3 experiments are summarized. *, P < .05 Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29893470), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

$Immunoblot analysis of livers from control and L-Chrebp−/− mice subjected to fasting and refeeding with a high-sucrose diet. Littermate control and L-Chrebp−/− mice (same as those described in supplemental Tables S2A and S2B) were subjected to fasting and refeeding. The nonfasted (N) groups were fed chow diet ad libitum. The fasted (F) group was fasted 12 h, and the refed (R) group was fasted for 12 h and then refed with 60% (w/w) high-sucrose diet for 12 h prior to study. Liver whole-cell lysates and membrane fractions were prepared individually, and equal amounts of protein from each mouse of the same group (four per group) were pooled. Aliquots (40 μg for whole-cell lysates and 30 μg for membrane fractions) of the pooled protein were subjected to SDS-PAGE and immunoblot analysis. Immunoblot analysis of Insig-1 and Insig-2 were carried out using membrane fractions. Whole-cell lysates were used to detect other proteins. The precursor and nuclear forms of SREBPs are denoted as P and N, respectively. Calnexin was used as loading control. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0022227520331369), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.$

Reactivity:

Hu, Mu, Rt, Po, Ca, Fi, Gt, Ha, Pm, Rb, Ze

Species Glossary

Reactivity: Hu, Mu, Rt, Po, Ca, Fi, Gt, Ha, Pm, Rb, Ze

Applications:

, , , , , , , ,

Applications: , , , , , , , ,

Host:

Rabbit Polyclonal

Host: Rabbit Polyclonal

Sizes:

Sample Size Available

Sizes: Sample Size Available

Conjugate:

Unconjugated

Available Conjugates:

Validated by:

Validated by:

Conjugate	Catalog #	Availability	Size	Price
Alexa Fluor 350	NB100-479AF350
Alexa Fluor 405	NB100-479AF405
Alexa Fluor 488	NB100-479AF488
Alexa Fluor 532	NB100-479AF532
Alexa Fluor 594	NB100-479AF594
Alexa Fluor 647	NB100-479AF647
Alexa Fluor 700	NB100-479AF700
Alexa Fluor 750	NB100-479AF750
Allophycocyanin	NB100-479APC
Allophycocyanin/Cy7	NB100-479APCCY7
Biotin	NB100-479B
DyLight 350	NB100-479UV
DyLight 405	NB100-479V
DyLight 488	NB100-479G
DyLight 550	NB100-479R
DyLight 594	NB100-479DL594
DyLight 650	NB100-479C
DyLight 680	NB100-479FR
DyLight 755	NB100-479IR
FITC	NB100-479F
HRP	NB100-479H
Janelia Fluor 549	NB100-479JF549
Janelia Fluor 646	NB100-479JF646
PE	NB100-479PE
PE/Atto594	NB100-479PEATT594
PE/Cy5.5	NB100-479PECY55
PE/Cy7	NB100-479PECY7
PerCP	NB100-479PCP
mFluor Violet 450 SE	NB100-479MFV450
mFluor Violet 500 SE	NB100-479MFV500
mFluor Violet 610 SE	NB100-479MFV610

Available Formulations

Formulation	Catalog #	Availability	Price
BSA Free	NB100-479SS

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AF3628

CD31/PECAM-1 Antibody [Unconjugated]

(6 Reviews)

(466 Publications)

100 μg

AF3628

Western blot shows lysates of bEnd.3 mouse endothelioma cell line. PVDF membrane was probed with 0.5 µg/mL of Goat Anti-Human/Mouse/Rat CD31/PECAM-1 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF3628) followed by HRP-conjugated Anti-Goat IgG Secondary Antibody (HAF017). A specific band was detected for CD31/PECAM-1 at approximately 130 kDa (as indicated). This experiment was conducted under reducing conditions and using Immunoblot Buffer Group 1.

Rat splenocytes were stained with Goat Anti-Human/Mouse/Rat CD31/PECAM-1 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF3628, filled histogram) or isotype control antibody (AB-108-C, open histogram), followed by Allophycocyanin-conjugated Anti-Goat IgG Secondary Antibody (F0108).

CD31/PECAM-1 was detected in immersion fixed bEnd.3 mouse endothelioma cell line using Goat Anti-Human/Mouse/Rat CD31/PECAM-1 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF3628) at 10 µg/mL for 3 hours at room temperature. Cells were stained using the NorthernLights™ 493-conjugated Anti-Goat IgG Secondary Antibody (green; NL003) and counterstained with DAPI (blue). Specific staining was localized to cell membrane. View our protocol for Fluorescent ICC Staining of Cells on Coverslips.

CD31/PECAM-1 was detected in immersion fixed frozen sections of mouse embryo (E13.5) using Goat Anti-Human/Mouse/Rat CD31/PECAM-1 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF3628) at 10 µg/mL overnight at 4 °C. Tissue was stained using the NorthernLights™ 557-conjugated Anti-Goat IgG Secondary Antibody (yellow; NL001) and counterstained with DAPI (blue). Specific staining was localized to developing endothelium. View our protocol for Fluorescent IHC Staining of Frozen Tissue Sections.

CD31/PECAM-1 was detected in immersion fixed frozen sections of mouse embryo (14 d.p.c.) using Goat Anti-Human/Mouse/Rat CD31/PECAM-1 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF3628) at 10 µg/mL for 1 hour at room temperature followed by incubation with the Anti-Goat IgG VisUCyte™ HRP Polymer Antibody (VC004). Tissue was stained using DAB (brown) and counterstained with hematoxylin (blue). Specific staining was localized to developing guts. View our protocol for IHC Staining with VisUCyte HRP Polymer Detection Reagents.

CD31/PECAM‑1 was detected in immersion fixed paraffin-embedded sections of rat heart using Goat Anti-Human/Mouse/Rat CD31/PECAM‑1 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF3628) at 3 µg/mL for 1 hour at room temperature followed by incubation with the Anti-Mouse IgG VisUCyte™ HRP Polymer Antibody (VC001). Before incubation with the primary antibody, tissue was subjected to heat-induced epitope retrieval using Antigen Retrieval Reagent-Basic (CTS013). Tissue was stained using DAB (brown) and counterstained with hematoxylin (blue). Specific staining was localized to endothelial cells in vasculature.

CD31/PECAM‑1 was detected in immersion fixed paraffin-embedded sections of Human Placenta using Goat Anti-Human/Mouse/Rat CD31/PECAM‑1 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF3628) at 15 µg/mL for 1 hour at room temperature followed by incubation with the Anti-Goat IgG VisUCyte™ HRP Polymer Antibody (Catalog # VC004). Before incubation with the primary antibody, tissue was subjected to heat-induced epitope retrieval using VisUCyte Antigen Retrieval Reagent-Basic (Catalog # VCTS021). Tissue was stained using DAB (brown) and counterstained with hematoxylin (blue). Specific staining was localized to endothelial cells in chorionic villi. View our protocol for IHC Staining with VisUCyte HRP Polymer Detection Reagents.

HUVEC cells were stained with Goat Anti-Human/Mouse/Rat CD31/PECAM‑1 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF3628, filled histogram) or isotype control antibody (Catalog # AB-108-C, open histogram), followed by Phycoerythrin-conjugated Anti-Goat IgG Secondary Antibody (Catalog # F0107). View our protocol for Staining Membrane-associated Proteins.

Western blot shows lysates of U937 human histiocytic lymphoma cell line. PVDF membrane was probed with 0.5 µg/ml of Goat Anti-Human/Mouse/Rat CD31/PECAM‑1 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (AF3628) followed by HRP-conjugated Anti-Goat IgG Secondary Antibody (Catalog # HAF017). A specific band was detected for CD31/PECAM‑1 at approximately 130 kDa (as indicated). This experiment was conducted under reducing conditions and using Western Blot Buffer Group 1.

Representative image of immunostaining corresponding to the glucose transporter protein SLC2A1 (GLUT1) in 30 week-old Ins2AKITA and WT cerebral cortex. Mural cells (ANPEP, green), glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1, red), endothelium (PECAM1, cyan). n = 2, scale bar 50 µm. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30498224), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

AcSDKP suppresses TGF beta /smad signaling and EndMT through the FGFR1/FRS2 pathway. (a) HMVECs were treated with N-FGFR1 for 48 h, and the FGFR1, TGF beta R1 and TGF beta R2 protein levels were analyzed by western blot. (b) HMVECs were treated with TGF beta 2 in the presence or absence of N-FGFR1 for 15 min with or without AcSDKP preincubation. The p-smad3 and TGF beta R1 protein levels were analyzed by western blot. Densitometric analysis of the p-smad3/smad3 and TGF beta R1/ beta -actin levels (n=3) in each group was performed. (c) HMVECs were incubated with either N-FGFR1 in the presence or absence of TGF beta 2 for 48 h with or without preincubation with AcSDKP for 2 h or with N-FGFR1 in the presence or absence of TGF beta 2 for 48 h with or without 24 h of incubation with FGF2 (50 ng/ml). The CD31, SM22 alpha , FSP1 and alpha -SMA protein levels were analyzed by western blot. (d) HMVECs were transfected with FRS2 siRNA (100 nM) for 48 h with or without AcSDKP preincubation. The VE-cadherin, FSP1, vimentin, SM22 alpha and p-smad3 levels were analyzed by western blot. (e) HMVECs were treated with N-FGFR1 for 48 h or 15 min in the presence or absence of N-TGF beta (1, 2, 3) (1.0 μg/ml). The CD31, VE-cadherin, SM22 alpha , FSP1, TGF beta R1, TGF beta R2 and p-smad3 levels were analyzed by western blot Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28771231), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

AcSDKP inhibits TGF beta /smad signaling and EndMT and restores the FGFR1 and P-MAP4K4 levels in diabetic hearts. (a) Immunofluorescence microscopy analysis of CD31/FGFR1 and CD31/P-MAP4K4 in the heart tissues from each group of mice. The scale bar is 60 μm in each panel. The CD31 and FGFR1 double-labeled cells and the CD31 and P-MAP4K4 double-labeled cells in each visual field were assessed by fluorescence microscopy and quantified. For each section, images from six different fields of view at × 400 magnification were evaluated. (b and c) Immunofluorescence microscopy analysis of CD31/ alpha -SMA, VE-cadherin /SM22 alpha and CD31/p-smad3 expression levels in the heart tissues from each group of mice. The scale bar is 60 μm in each panel. The CD31 and alpha -SMA double-labeled cells, the VE-cadherin and SM22 alpha double-labeled cells and the CD31 and p-smad3 double-labeled cells in each visual field were analyzed by fluorescence microscopy and quantified. For each section, images from six different fields of view at × 400 magnification were evaluated. Four mice from each group were analyzed. (d) Western blot analysis of the FGFR1, P-MAP4K4, TGF beta 1, TGF beta 2 and TGF beta 3 levels in cardiac tissues. A representative blot from four independent experiments was shown. The densitometric analysis of western blot data was presented (n=4). The diabetic mice are abbreviated as DM in the figure Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28771231), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

Diminished permeability of liver sinusoids in Plvap-deficient mice.Neither by immunohistochemistry with antibodies against CD31 (A) nor by light microscopy of 1 µm semi-thin sections (B, Richardson's stain) obvious differences are detected with regards to the overall orientation and the density of liver sinusoids between 3-week-old Plvap-/- mice and wild-type littermates. Sinusoids of Plvap-deficient mice show a higher number of macrophages in their lumen (white arrows) and focal areas with accumulations of mononuclear cells in Disse's space (black arrows). Lower panels in B show higher magnifications. C, After perfusion of a wild-type animal with FITC-dextran, a strong FITC-signal (green) throughout the liver is detected. Immunolabeling with CD31 (red) suggests that FITC-dextran molecules have accumulated in the space of Disse. In contrast, in the Plvap-deficient littermate, the signal for FITC-dextran is much weaker and barely detectable. Nuclear DNA is labeled with DAPI (blue). Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0115005), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

Blood-brain barrier permeability measurements in male Ins2AKITA and WT littermate controls. (a) Representative stereomicroscope fluorescence images of brains showing 1 kDa Alexa Fluor 555 cadaverine permeability in Ins2AKITA and WT after 2 h of dye circulation (n = 2). (b) Representative confocal images of coronal sections of 1 kDa Alexa Fluor 555 cadaverine injected mouse brains. ANPEP positive mural cells, green; PECAM1 positive vasculature, white. No Alexa Fluor 555 cadaverine leakage into brain parenchyma was observed either in Ins2AKITA or WT mice (n = 2, scale bar 30 μm). (c) Quantification of 1 kDa Alexa Fluor 555 cadaverine permeability in 26.5–32 week-old Ins2AKITA and WT mice after 2 h circulation (n = > 8, 3 independent experiments). y-axis shows the fold change in relative fluorescence units (RFU) per gram of brain tissue in relation to WT. (d) Quantification of 1 kDa Alexa Fluor 488 cadaverine permeability in 38 week-old Ins2AKITA and WT mice after 2 h circulation (n = 3). y-axis shows the fold change in relative fluorescence units (RFU) per gram of brain tissue in relation to WT. (e) Evans Blue dye permeability in 30 week-old Ins2AKITA and WT littermate control mice after overnight circulation (n = > 2). y-axis shows optical density (OD) at 620 nm per gram of tissue. PdgfbRet/Ret served as positive control for tracer leakage into the brain parenchyma. n.s., not significant, student’s t test. Data is presented as mean ± SEM. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30498224), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

CL and low temperature lead to WAT browning, angiogenesis, and an increased number of myofibroblast-like cells. a, b Histological analysis of adipocyte morphology (H&E), adipocytes (PERI), mitochondria (COX4), uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1), blood vessels (CD31), and myofibroblast-like cells ( alpha SMA) in a 5-day CL-316243-treated scWAT and visWAT compared to vehicle-treated control. b Two-week 4 °C-treated scWAT and visWAT compared to 30 °C control. Double-headed arrows mark adipocyte diameter. Arrows point to respective positive signals. c–l Quantifications of adipocyte size and positive signals per field of COX4, UCP1, CD31, and alpha SMA of CL-316243- and vehicle-, and 30 °C- and 4 °C- treated scWATs and visWATs (>30 adipocytes per field; n = 10 random fields; n = 5 mice per group). PERI, perilipin; COX4, mitochondrial complex 4; UCP1, uncoupling protein 1. Scale bars, 100 μm. NS, not significant. *P 30 adipocytes per field; n = 10 random fields; n = 5 mice per group). PERI, perilipin; COX4, mitochondrial complex 4; UCP1, uncoupling protein 1. Scale bars, 100 μm. NS, not significant. *P AB-108-C, open histogram) followed by Phycoerythrin-conjugated Anti-Goat IgG Secondary Antibody (Catalog # F0107). View our protocol for Staining Membrane-associated Proteins.

Reactivity:

Hu, Mu, Rt

Species Glossary

Reactivity: Hu, Mu, Rt

Applications:

, , , ,

Applications: , , , ,

Host:

Goat Polyclonal

Host: Goat Polyclonal

Sizes:

Sample Size Available

Sizes: Sample Size Available

Conjugate:

Unconjugated

Available Conjugates:

Conjugate	Catalog #	Availability	Size	Price
Alexa Fluor 488	FAB3628G-100
Alexa Fluor 488	FAB3628G-025
Allophycocyanin	FAB3628A-100
Allophycocyanin	FAB3628A-025
Biotin	BAF3628
Phycoerythrin	FAB3628P-100
Phycoerythrin	FAB3628P-025

Available Formulations

Formulation	Catalog #	Availability	Price
Carrier Free	AF3628-SP
Carrier Free	FAB3628P-100
Carrier Free	FAB3628P-025
Carrier Free	FAB3628G-100
Carrier Free	FAB3628G-025
Carrier Free	FAB3628A-100
Carrier Free	FAB3628A-025

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AF1924

SOX17 Antibody [Unconjugated]

(3 Reviews)

(446 Publications)

100 μg

AF1924

Western blot shows lysates of BG01V human embryonic stem cells untreated (-) or endoderm differentiated (+). PVDF membrane was probed with 1 µg/mL of Goat Anti-Human SOX17 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF1924) followed by HRP-conjugated Anti-Goat IgG Secondary Antibody (HAF109). A specific band was detected for SOX17 at approximately 55 kDa (as indicated). This experiment was conducted under reducing conditions and using Immunoblot Buffer Group 1.

Endoderm-differentiated D3 mouse embryonic stem cell line was fixed using formaldehyde, resuspended in lysis buffer, and sonicated to shear chromatin. SOX17/DNA complexes were immunoprecipitated using 5 µg Goat Anti-Human SOX17 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF1924) or control antibody (AB-108-C) for 15 minutes in an ultrasonic bath, followed by Biotinylated Anti-Goat IgG Secondary Antibody (BAF109). Immunocomplexes were captured using 50 µL of MagCellect Streptavidin Ferrofluid (MAG999) and DNA was purified using chelating resin solution. Thep21promoter was detected by standard PCR.

SOX17 was detected in immersion fixed B16 mouse melanoma cell line using 10 µg/mL Goat Anti-Human SOX17 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF1924) for 3 hours at room temperature. Cells were stained with the NorthernLights™ 557-conjugated Anti-Goat IgG Secondary Antibody (red; NL001) and counter-stained with DAPI (blue). View our protocol for Fluorescent ICC Staining of Cells on Coverslips.

SOX17 was detected in immersion fixed endoderm differentiated BG01V human embryonic stem cells using 10 µg/mL Goat Anti-Human SOX17 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF1924) for 3 hours at room temperature. Cells were stained with the NorthernLights™ 557-conjugated Anti-Goat IgG Secondary Antibody (red, upper panel; NL001) and counterstained with DAPI (blue, lower panel). View our protocol for Fluorescent ICC Staining of Cells on Coverslips.

Simple Western lane view shows lysates of BG01V human embryonic stem cells untreated (-) or endoderm differentiated (+), loaded at 0.2 mg/mL. A specific band was detected for SOX17 at approximately 59 kDa (as indicated) using 10 µg/mL of Goat Anti-Human SOX17 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF1924) followed by 1:50 dilution of HRP-conjugated Anti-Goat IgG Secondary Antibody (Catalog # HAF109). This experiment was conducted under reducing conditions and using the 12-230 kDa separation system.

Simple Western lane view shows lysates of iBJ6 human induced pluripotent stem cell line untreated (-) or endoderm differentiated (+), loaded at 0.2 mg/mL. A specific band was detected for SOX17 at approximately 58 kDa (as indicated) using 10 µg/mL of Goat Anti-Human SOX17 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF1924) followed by 1:50 dilution of HRP-conjugated Anti-Goat IgG Secondary Antibody (Catalog # HAF109). This experiment was conducted under reducing conditions and using the 12-230 kDa separation system.

Western blot shows lysates of SK‑OV‑3 human ovarian adenocarcinoma cell line, OVCAR‑3 human ovarian carcinoma cell line. PVDF membrane was probed with 2 µg/mL of Goat Anti-Human SOX17 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF1924) followed by HRP-conjugated Anti-Goat IgG Secondary Antibody (Catalog # HAF017). A specific band was detected for SOX17 at approximately 60 kDa (as indicated). This experiment was conducted under reducing conditions and using Western Blot Buffer Group 1.

Generation and characterization of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)‐specific human‐induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs). Immunostaining of Otx2 (ectoderm marker), Sox17 (endoderm marker), Brachyury (mesoderm marker) and co‐staining with DAPI (blue) in embryoid bodies (EBs) derived from hiPSCs‐SLE. Scale bar, 50 μm. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31536674), licensed under a CC-BY licence.

Concordant expression of developmental programs across organoids from human iPSC lines. IF staining of D29 kidney organoid (AS line, ML protocol) for SOX17 and CD31, markers of endothelial cells. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31784515), licensed under a CC-BY licence.

Activin-A levels during Day 0–1 modulate cardiomyocyte (CM) vs. definitive endoderm (DE) differentiation. Pluripotent H1 ESCs were induced by changing medium to RPMI/B27 (no insulin), including CHIR (7.5 μmol/L) during Day 0–1 and IWP (5 μmol/L) during Days 3–5. Activin-A was included at the indicated levels during Day 0–1. Insulin (4,000 ng/ml) was included after Day 7. a-e shows cells double-immunostained on Day 5 for Oct4 (red) and Sox17 (green); e is a positive control wherein cells were induced to DE with Activin-A (50 ng/ml) and Bmp4 (10 ng/ml) during Days 0–5. f-i shows cells immunostained with MF20 mAb on Day 14 to detect cardiomyocytes. Scale bar: 200 μm. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0118670), licensed under a CC-BY licence.

In vitro and in-TiPSCs. Immunofluorescence staining for Sox17 (endodermal marker), alpha SMA (mesodermal marker), and Nestin (ectodermal marker) in each human TiPSCs1-derived differentiated cell in vitro. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0097397), licensed under a CC-BY licence.

Differentiation of hESCs into definitive endoderm cells by Activin A with CHIR99021. Immunofluorescence analysis of the expression of SOX17 and FoxA2 for Activin A with 2 µM CHIR99021-induced differentiated cells on day 3. Scale bar, 100 µm. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31601782), licensed under a CC-BY licence.

HIF-1 alpha activates transcription of Sox17. Western blot analysis in control human lung microvascular endothelial cells (HLMVECs) and HLMVECs for which CRISPR/Cas9 was used to delete HIFs. ECs were treated with the HIF prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor DMOG to induce HIF expression. DMOG (1 mM) increased HIF-1 alpha and HIF-2 alpha protein expression in control ECs but not in ECs lacking HIF-1 alpha or HIF-2 alpha . Induction of HIF expression was coupled to Sox17 upregulation. n = 3. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31073164), licensed under a CC-BY licence.

Features of ESC-INTPSCs intermediate between ESCs and EpiSCs. Expression of OCT3/4 and SOX17. Scale bar, 100 µm. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0095329), licensed under a CC-BY licence.

p38-Mapk14/11 inhibition during murine blastocyst maturation blocks primitive endoderm (PrE) differentiation/maturation. Representative single confocal z-plane micrographs of vehicle control-treated (+DMSO) or p38-Mapk14/11 inhibited (+SB220025) late-blastocyst stage/equivalent embryos, immunofluorescently stained for indicated ICM cell lineage markers (Nanog in green and Gata4, Sox17 and Gata6 in red, plus DAPI DNA stain in blue). Examples of cells classified as TE, PrE and EPI are marked with an asterisk, arrowhead and arrow, respectively. Scale bar, 15 µm. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27605380), licensed under a CC-BY licence.

Endothelial cell (EC) specific deletion of Sox17 (Sox17EC−/−) in mice prevents endothelial regeneration. Western blot analysis of Sox17 protein expression in isolated ECs obtained from flushed lungs of Sox17EC−/− and control mice. n = 4. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31073164), licensed under a CC-BY licence.

Characterization of hybrid cells.(A) Both ES-pNSC and pES-NSC hybrid cells are positive for alkaline phosphatase staining (100 ×). (B) RT-PCR analysis of Oct4, Nanog, Sox2, and Nestin expression in fusion partner and reprogrammed hybrid cells. Pluripotency markers, Oct4 and Nanog, which were not expressed in NSCs and pNSCs were expressed in GFP+ fusion hybrid cells. On the other hand, Nestin, which was expressed in NSCs and pNSCs was silenced after forming GFP+ fusion hybrid cells. (C) Immunocytochemistry analysis of Oct4 and Nanog in ES-pNSC and pES-NSC hybrid cells (100 ×). (D)In vitro differentiation of ES-pNSC and pES-NSC hybrid cells into ectoderm (Tuj1), mesoderm (SMA), and endoderm (Sox17) lineages (200 ×). (E) In vivo differentiation potential of ES-pNSC and pES-NSC hybrid cells through teratoma assay. These hybrid cells were contributed to secretory epithelium (ectoderm), cartilage (mesoderm) and gut epithelium (endoderm), which were stained with PAS, Asian blue, and hematoxylin eosin, respectively. Each tissue was indicated by arrow head. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0156491), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

In vitro and in-TiPSCs.(A): Immunofluorescence staining for Sox17 (endodermal marker), alpha SMA (mesodermal marker), and Nestin (ectodermal marker) in each TiPSCs1-derived differentiated cell in vitro. (B): Gross morphology of representative teratomas derived from TiPSCs1 in vivo (hematoxylin and eosin staining). Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0097397), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

Activation of Sox17 at onset of EC regeneration and Sox17-mediated Cyclin E1 expression. a qPCR analysis of gene expression in sorted CD31+ cells from mTmG-Scl mice before and after injury (12 mg/kg i.p.). Sox17, Vegfr2, and Ccne1 increased significantly at day 2 post-LPS compared to baseline. n = 3. Color scale: the fold change increases from red to white to green color. b Western blot analysis in fresh isolated ECs from wild-type mice and quantification c showed a 5-fold increase in Sox17 protein expression within 1 day following injury compared to baseline and followed by recovery within 3 days post-LPS. n = 3. d, e Western blot analysis of cultured HLMVECs in which Sox17 was overexpressed showed 2.5x fold increase in Cyclin E1 protein expression relative to control cells. n = 3. OE, overexpression. f Representation of the CCNE1 promoter region with Sox17 binding sites (circled numbers) and their sequences. g HLMVECs were retrovirally transduced with Sox17 or control plasmid for 3 days, and Ch-IP assay followed by qPCR was performed to amplify Sox17 binding sites in the CCNE1 promoter. n = 3. h 293T cells were transfected with a Sox17 overexpression plasmid containing CCNE1 luciferase reporter constructs. Luciferase values were normalized to Renilla luciferase control reporter values. A schematic representation of corresponding deletion constructs is presented in the right panel. n = 3 and duplicates per sample. **P < 0.01 and ***P < 0.001. Data are shown as mean ± SEM. Analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA for (c) and two-way ANOVA with Bonferroni post-tests for (e, g, h) Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31073164), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

Generation and characterization of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)‐specific human‐induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs). (A) Dermal fibroblasts derived from patient with SLE were reprogrammed into iPSCs using Sendai virus vectors and three clones (#1, #2 and #3) were characterized. RT‐PCR confirms the loss of transgenes in hiPSCs‐SLE (lanes 1, 2 and 3), presence (lane 4) in infected fibroblasts (ipF‐SLE) and absence of Sendai viral transgenes in parental fibroblasts (pF‐SLE) (lane 5). Full‐length gels are presented in File S2. (B) The hiPSCs‐SLE colonies expressed alkaline phosphatase. Scale bar, 500 μm. (C) RT‐qPCR analysis of pluripotency genes OCT4, NANOG, SOX2 and REX1 was performed in fibroblasts and in hiPSCs derived from patient with SLE. All expression values are normalized to GAPDH and relative donor fibroblasts. Data are mean ± SEM and all statistical analysis was made between hiPSCs‐SLE clones and relative fibroblasts by Student's t test showing P‐values ≤ .05 in each comparison. (D) PluriTest assays combines novelty score (blue) on x‐axis and pluripotency score (red) on y‐axis. hiPSCs‐SLE localize in the red cloud suggesting the empirical distribution of pluripotent cells compared to non‐pluripotent blue cloud. (E) Representative images of M‐FISH staining show normal karyotypes of hiPSCs‐SLE clones. (F) Immunofluorescence analysis of pluripotent stem cell markers Nanog (green), Oct4 (red) and co‐staining with DAPI (blue) in hiPSCs‐SLE. Scale bar, 50 μm. (G) Representative images of floating and adherent EBs derived from hiPSCs‐SLE at differentiation day 8 and 18, respectively. Scale bar, 500 μm. (H) RT‐qPCR results confirm the capability of hiPSCs‐SLE to differentiate into all three germ layers. The expression levels of GATA4, HAND1 and PAX6 in EBs are relative to undifferentiated hiPSCs. All expression values are normalized to GAPDH and relative hiPSCs. Data are mean ± SEM and all statistical analysis was made between EBs‐SLE and relative hiPSCs‐SLE clones by Student's t test showing P‐values ≤ .05 in each comparison. (I) Immunostaining of Otx2 (ectoderm marker), Sox17 (endoderm marker), Brachyury (mesoderm marker) and co‐staining with DAPI (blue) in EBs derived from hiPSCs‐SLE. Scale bar, 50 μm Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31536674), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

soHIF-1 alpha signaling induces Sox17 expression. a MPO activity of flushed lung sample from mice challenged with LPS (12 mg/kg i.p.) for 6 and 24 h. n = 3. b Western blot analysis of wild-type mice lung before and after LPS-induced injury (12 mg/kg i.p.) and its quantification c showed that HIF-1 alpha protein expression increased within 6 h post-LPS and remained increased until day 2. n = 3. d Western blot analysis in freshly isolated ECs from Hif1afl/fl mice and quantification e showed significantly increased Sox17 protein expression after injury when compared to baseline levels. n = 3. f Western blot analysis in freshly isolated ECs from Hif1aEC−/− mice and quantification g showed no significant difference in Sox17 protein expression before and after injury. n = 3. **P < 0.01 and ***P < 0.001. Data are shown as mean ± SEM. Analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA for (b, c, e, g). Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31073164), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

PGCLCs derived from hc-iPSCs.Immunofluorescent staining of (A) BLIMP1 (green color) and (B) OCT4 (green color) in 4-day-old EBs cultured with PGC induction medium on hc-iPSC-1, -2, -5 and -6 (third to fifth column), PBMC derived iPSC0102 and iPSC0207 (right two column). H9 hESCs (left column) adapted in 4i medium was also detected for BLIMP1 and OCT4 antibodies. Noted that there was no BLIMP1 signals detected in undifferentiated H9 in 4i condition. All samples were doubly stained with SOX17 antibody (red color) sequentially. DAPI was used for counterstain (blue). Scale bar = 50μm. (C) Quantification of immunofluoresent staining of PGCLCs. BLIMP1/SOX17 and OCT4/SOX17 double positive cells were counted for PGCLCs and normalized with the number of DAPI. Percentage of PGCLCs per EB of all lines was presented and significance was compared with control hESC H9. ** indicates P<0.005. *** indicates P<0.001. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0165715), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

Activin-A levels during Day 0–1 modulate CM vs. DE differentiation.Pluripotent H1 ESCs were induced by changing medium to RPMI/B27 (no insulin), including CHIR (7.5 μmol/L) during Day 0–1 and IWP (5 μmol/L) during Days 3–5. Activin-A was included at the indicated levels during Day 0–1. Insulin (4,000 ng/ml) was included after Day 7. Panel A, a-e shows cells double-immunostained on Day 5 for Oct4 (red) and Sox17 (green); e is a positive control wherein cells were induced to DE with Activin-A (50 ng/ml) and Bmp4 (10 ng/ml) during Days 0–5. Panel A f-i shows cells immunostained with MF20 mAb on Day 14 to detect cardiomyocytes. Panel B depicts the effect of Activin-A levels during Day 0–1 on cardiomyocyte differentiation at Day 14, determined by flow cytometry using anti-cTnT. Cultures treated with 10 ng/ml Activin-A began to rhythmically contract at Day 6. Cells treated with 50 or 100 ng/ml Activin-A did not beat at any time. Bars indicate the average values combined from multiple experiments. Vertical lines = ±SEM. P-values were calculated by Student’s t-test. The p-value over the bar denoting 10 ng/ml Activin-A is relative to cells treated with CHIR only (0 ng/ml Activin-A), whereas the p-values over the bars denoting 50 and 100 ng/ml Activin-A are relative to cells treated with 10 ng/ml Activin-A. The size bar in Aa, which pertains to panels a-i, = 200 μm. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0118670), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

Features of ESC-INTPSCs intermediate between ESCs and EpiSCs.(A) Comparison of gene expression in ESCs, EpiSCs, and ESC-INTPSCs. (B) The number of AP-positive colonies formed in the LIF/2i condition four days after 1000 cells were seeded per dish. (C) Proliferation of ESCs, EpiSCs, and ESC-INTPSCs with or without JAKi. (D) Expression of ESRRB and FOXA2. White arrows indicate ESRRB- and FOXA2-double–positive cells. Scale bar, 100 µm. (E) Percentage of ESRRB-positive or ESRRB- and FOXA2-double–positive cells in ESCs, ESC-INTPSCs, and EpiSCs. (F) Expression of OCT3/4 and SOX17. Scale bar, 100 µm. (G) The number of Oct3/4-GFP–positive or –negative colonies derived from single cells at day 4 and 8. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0095329), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

EC specific deletion of Sox17 (Sox17EC−/−) in mice prevents endothelial regeneration. a Schematic diagram of Sox17fl/fl mice crossed with Scl-CreERT2 to delete Sox17 in ECs. After tamoxifen feeding for five days and rest for another four weeks, mice are challenged with LPS (sub-lethal 8 mg/kg, i.p.) for analysis. b Western blot analysis of Sox17 protein expression in isolated ECs obtained from flushed lungs of Sox17EC−/− and control mice. n = 4. c Quantification of b shows 80% deletion of Sox17 in ECs of Sox17EC−/− mice compared to control mice. n = 4. d Time course of lung transvascular permeability following LPS challenge in Sox17EC−/− and Sox17fl/fl mice. n = 4. While control mouse lungs showed increased endothelial permeability at day 1 post-LPS and then recovered to baseline by day 5, Sox17EC−/− mice showed prolonged endothelial barrier leakiness post-LPS. e Time course of changes in lung transvascular permeability following LPS challenge was also carried out in Sox17fl/fl mice crossed with Cdh5-CreERT2 mice. n = 4. Similar as in d, these Sox17EC−/− mice also showed persistent leakiness post-LPS while control mice fully recovered. f Survival curve of LPS challenge in Sox17EC−/− and control mice. n = 8 per group. At this sub-lethal dose, all control mice survived whereas half of Sox17EC−/− mice died on day 2 post-LPS with increased mortality on day 3. By day 5, the death rate for control mice is 0 while for Sox17EC−/− mice is 60%. g Flow cytometry analysis of CD31+CD45− ECs among whole lung population in mice following injury. n = 4. In contrast to control mice in which CD31+CD45− EC population gradually recovered with day 3 post-LPS after initial loss of ECs, Sox17EC−/− mice showed significantly delayed restoration of ECs post-LPS period. h Quantification of BrdU+ nuclei in each field of 425 μm2 area in flushed lung cryo-sections from mice following injury. n = 4 mice per group and 6 replicates per sample. Slides are co-stained with CD31-AF488, BrdU-APC, and DAPI. At day 3 post-LPS, the control group showed a significantly higher number of BrdU+ECs compared to baseline. However, Sox17EC−/− mice showed markedly reduced level of BrdU+ECs, indicating reduced EC proliferation. i To assess whether expression of Sox17 in ECs can restore lung endothelial integrity, studies were performed in Sox17EC−/− mice to overexpress Sox17 protein. We used a mixture of 50 μg plasmid (mouse Cdh5 promoter—Flag —Sox17) encapsulated in liposomes, which were injected i.v. 3 h after LPS challenge. j At day 3 post-LPS, liposome vector-treated Sox17EC−/− mice showed marked EC barrier leakiness as assessed by lung transvascular permeability of albumin whereas the Sox17-rescued mice showed markedly reduced endothelial permeability. n = 4. OE, overexpression. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 and ***P < 0.001. Data are shown as mean ± SEM. Analysis was performed using two-tailed Student’s t-test for (c, j), two-way ANOVA with Bonferroni post-tests for (d, e, g, h) and Log-rank (Mantel-Cox) test for (f) Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31073164), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

p38-Mapk14/11 inhibition during blastocyst maturation blocks PrE differentiation/maturation. (a) Experimental schema of p38-Mapk14/11 inhibition (+SB220025), plus vehicle control (+DMSO), and the details of antibodies used to analyse ICM cell lineage marker protein expression by immunofluorescence (IF) in late blastocysts (E4.5); Nanog and Gata4 (+DMSO n = 27, +SB220025 n = 33)—green, Nanog and Sox17 (+DMSO n = 18, +SB220025 n = 20)—red, and Nanog and Gata6 (+DMSO n = 24, +SB220025 n = 27)—blue. (b) Representative single confocal z-plane micrographs of vehicle control-treated (+DMSO) or p38-Mapk14/11 inhibited (+SB220025) late-blastocyst stage/equivalent embryos, immunofluorescently stained for indicated ICM cell lineage markers (Nanog in green and Gata4, Sox17 and Gata6 in red, plus DAPI DNA stain in blue). Examples of cells classified as TE, PrE and EPI are marked with an asterisk, arrowhead and arrow, respectively. Scale bar, 15 µm. (c) Pie charts of the relative cell lineage contribution in vehicle control (+DMSO) and p38-Mapk14/11 inhibited (+SB220025) blastocysts as judged by IF to detect the stated ICM lineage marker proteins. Blue, trophectoderm (TE); yellow, epiblast (EPI—ICM exhibiting exclusive Nanog expression); green, primitive endoderm (PrE—ICM exhibiting exclusive Gata4/6 or Sox17 expression, as appropriate); orange, uncommitted ICM cells (exhibiting co-expression of both Nanog and Gata4/6 or Sox17, as appropriate); and grey, ICM cells negative for either assayed marker. (d) Bar charts show average number of cells allocated to each specified ICM lineage, as judged by the indicated IF staining regime employed. Error bars represent s.e.m. and asterisks denote statistical significant differences in cell number between the vehicle control (+DMSO, black bars) and p38-Mapk14/11 inhibited (+SB220025, grey bars) embryo groups, according to two-tailed Student's t-test, with *p < 0.05 and **p < 0.005 confidence intervals. Yellow asterisk denotes increase in cells positively immunofluorescently staining for both EPI and PrE ICM markers using anti-Nanog and anti-Gata6 (an early PrE marker) antibodies. All individual embryo data used in the preparation of this figure are contained within the electronic supplementary material, table S3. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27605380), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

Differentiation of hESCs into definitive endoderm cells by Activin A with CHIR99021.a The relative primitive streak (BRACHYRUY, MESP1, and MIXL1) gene expression of the day 1 differentiated cells by adding Activin A (100 ng/mL) with CHIR99021 (2–5 µM) or Wnt3a (25–100 ng/mL) treatments were determined by real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR). None, no WNT signaling pathway activators were used on day 1 for PS differentiation (Activin A only). b, c After 1 day, the medium was changed to Activin A (100 ng/mL) and 1 × CTS-B27 to induce DE differentiation. The definitive endoderm (FOXA2 and SOX17) and mesoderm (MESP2 and HAND1) relative gene expression levels were determined by qPCR. d Immunofluorescence analysis of the expression of SOX17 and FoxA2 for Activin A with 2 µM CHIR99021-induced differentiated cells on day 3. e, f The expression of SOX17 and FoxA2 for Activin A with 2 µM CHIR99021-induced differentiated cells was determined by flow cytometry on day 3. Isotype control antibodies were used as controls. At a specific gene expression, datum points lacking common letters differ, p < 0.05. Data are represented as the mean ± SD. Scale bar, 100 µm Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31601782), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

HIF-1 alpha activates transcription of Sox17. a Western blot analysis in control HLMVECs and HLMVECs for which CRISPR/Cas9 was used to delete HIFs. ECs were treated with the HIF prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor DMOG to induce HIF expression. DMOG (1 mM) increased HIF-1 alpha and HIF-2 alpha protein expression in control ECs but not in ECs lacking HIF-1 alpha or HIF-2 alpha . Induction of HIF expression was coupled to Sox17 upregulation. n = 3. b Quantification of a showed that protein expression of HIF-1 alpha and HIF-2 alpha in ECs was significantly increased by DMOG treatment. Sox17 showed a 2.5-fold increase in Sox17 expression control DMSO treated ECs. The increase in Sox17 was significantly reduced in HIF-1 alpha -deleted ECs but preserved in HIF-2 alpha -deleted ECs, indicating the importance of HIF-1 alpha in mediating Sox17 expression. n = 3. c Representation of the SOX17 promoter region with 3 HREs indicated by circled numbers, and their respective sequences are displayed. d HLMVECs were exposed to normoxia or 1% O2 (hypoxia) for 8 h. Ch-IP assay followed by qPCR was performed to amplify the HRE regions in the SOX17 promoter. Studies were performed in ECs exposed to either normoxia or hypoxia. n = 3. e 293T cells were transfected with a HIF-1 alpha overexpression plasmid containing SOX17 luciferase reporter constructs. Luciferase values were normalized to Renilla luciferase control reporter values. A schematic representation of corresponding deletion constructs is presented in the right panel. n = 3 and duplicates per sample. Results show that hypoxia activation of SOX17 HRE3 was required for Sox17 expression. **P < 0.01 and ***P < 0.001. Data are shown as mean ± SEM. Analysis was performed using two-way ANOVA with Bonferroni post-tests for (b, d, e) Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31073164), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

Concordant expression of developmental programs across organoids from four human iPSC lines. a Heatmap of expression patterns for major nephrogenesis markers across organoid differentiation time points (iPSC D0, D7, D15, and D29, averaged across four cell lines, ML protocol) and human adult kidney. Expression values were row-normalized to obtain z-scores; red color indicates positive z-scores. b Canonical (NPHS2) and data-derived (CLDN5) podocyte marker genes superimposed in tSNE plots from D15 organoids (N2 line, ML protocol). c IF staining of D15 kidney organoid (N2 line, ML protocol) for CLDN5 as a marker of early podocyte differentiation derived from the single-cell data. Additional canonical podocyte markers (NPHS1, WT1) and DAPI staining as shown. d IF staining of D29 kidney organoid (AS line, ML protocol) for SOX17 and CD31, markers of endothelial cells. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31784515), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

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Reactivity: Hu

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Allophycocyanin	IC1924A
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Carrier Free	IC1924A
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NB400-105

ABCA1 Antibody - BSA Free

(7 Reviews)

(398 Publications)

0.1 ml

NB400-105

Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue sections of human prostate cancer were probed for ABCA1 mRNA (ACD RNAScope Probe, catalog # 432291; Fast Red chromogen, ACD catalog # 322360). Adjacent tissue section was processed for immunohistochemistry using rabbit polyclonal (Novus Biologicals catalog # NB400-105) at 1.5ug/mL with overnight incubation at 4 degrees Celsius followed by incubation with anti-rabbit IgG VisUCyte HRP Polymer Antibody (Catalog # VC003) and DAB chromogen (yellow-brown). Tissue was counterstained with hematoxylin (blue). Specific staining was localized to glandular cells.

<b>Genetic Strategies Validation and Orthogonal Strategies Validation.</b>HSKMCs were transfected with scrambled siRNA (scr siRNA) or ABCA1 siRNA. The cells were lysed and ABCA1 (A) protein levels were quantified by immunoblotting. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//www.nature.com/articles/s41598-018-38014-3) licensed under under a CC-BY license.

<b>Biological Strategies Validation. </b>Analysis of ABCA1 in total cell lysates of RAW264.9 cells treated with vehicle (-) or 9-cisretinoic acid and 22Rhydroxycholesterol (+). Samples used for this testing were 40 ug of total cell post-nuclear lysate from each group.

<b>Biological Strategies Validation. </b>HepG2 cells were grown to 60% confluency, serum starved for 24 hours, and then treated with 1uM TO9 for 24 hours prior to being fixed for 10 minutes using 10% formalin and then permeabilized for 5 minutes using 1X TBS + 0.5% Triton-X100. The cells were incubated with anti-ABCA1 at 5.0ug/ml overnight at 4C and detected with an anti-rabbit Dylight 488 (Green) at a 1:500 dilution. Alpha tubulin (DM1A) NB100-690 was used as a co-stain at a 1:1000 dilution and detected with an anti-mouse Dylight 550 (Red) at a 1:500 dilution. Nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (Blue). Cells were imaged using a 40X objective.

Untreated HepG2 cells were grown to 60% confluency, and serum starved for 24 hours prior to being fixed for 10 minutes using 10% formalin and then permeabilized for 5 minutes using 1X TBS + 0.5% Triton-X100. The cells were incubated with anti-ABCA1 at 5.0ug/ml overnight at 4C and detected with an anti-rabbit Dylight 488 (Green) at a 1:500 dilution. Alpha tubulin (DM1A) NB100-690 was used as a co-stain at a 1:1000 dilution and detected with an anti-mouse Dylight 550 (Red) at a 1:500 dilution. Nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (Blue). Cells were imaged using a 40X objective.

ABCA-1 FITC conjugated antibody of human adipose tissue macrophage subsets by flow cytometry. Image from verified customer review.

Association between expression of ABCA1 and survival in ovarian cancer patients. Expression of ABCA1 in 55 ovarian cancer patient samples was determined by IHC in tissue microarray. Representative image of ovarian cancer showing high (left panel) and low (right panel) ABCA1 expression on the cell membrane or cytoplasm (x400). Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//www.clinicalepigeneticsjournal.com/content/7/1/1), licensed under a CC-BY license.

ABCA1 in human primary fibroblasts in culture. 10 ug of total protein. 7.5% TGX gel. Blocking 5% milk in PBST 1h RT. 1:1000 primary ab in BSA 3% PBST O/N at 4C. Secondary 1:5000 HRP 1h RT. Arrow shows around 250 kDa. WB image submitted by a verified customer review.

ABCA1 antibody was tested at 1: 400 in HeLa cells using an Alexa Fluor 488 secondary (shown in purple). M1 is defined by unstained cells.

<b>Biological Strategies Validation. </b>Detection of ABCA1 in mouse peritoneal macrophages using NB 400-105 (Lot L). ECL exposure, 1 min. Lane 4: T09 uninduced lysate Lane 5: T09 induced lysate.

Prostates of LXR mutant mice accumulate cholesterol esters through inappropriate LXR target genes regulation. Total protein lysates of WT and LXR null mice under normal or high cholesterol diet were analyzed by western blotting with antibodies against ABCA1, LDLR and ACTIN as a loading control (left panel), quantification of ABCA1 and LDLR protein accumulation levels (right panel). * p<0.05, *** p<0.001 in Student's t test. Error bars represent the +/- mean SEM. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1003483), licensed under a CC-BY license.

miR-33b reduces cellular cholesterol efflux and serum HDL-C levels. Western blotting for ABCA1 (using NB400-105) and ABCG1 proteins in peritoneal macrophages from WT and KI+/+ mice. Representative images are shown. beta-actin was used as the loading control. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//www.nature.com/articles/srep05312), licensed under a CC-BY license.

miR-33b regulates ABCA1 and SREBP-1. Analysis for ABCA1, SREBP-1, CPT1a, and AMPK alpha protein levels in the livers of WT, KI+/-, and KI+/+ mice. Representative images are shown. TF2B and beta-actin were used as loading controls. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//www.nature.com/articles/srep05312), licensed under a CC-BY license.

Detection of ABCA1 in human prostate epithelium showing luminal and membrane staining.

Prostates of LXR mutant mice accumulate cholesterol esters through inappropriate LXR target genes regulation.(A) Plasma concentrations of cholesterol were determined (N = 9/13 per group) after 5 weeks dietary conditional exposure in each genotype. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23675307), licensed under a CC-BY licence.

Gas6 treatment enhances expression of LXRalpha and LXRbeta and their target genes in BMDM.Mouse BMDM were stimulated with 400 ng/ml Gas6, 1 uM T0901317, 10 ng/ml interferon (IFN)-gamma, 10 ng/ml IL-4, or 100 ng/ml LPS for 4 h (a,b) or 400 ng/ml Gas6 for the indicated times (c-g). (a,b,e) The amounts of the LXRalpha, LXRbeta, ABCA1, ABCG1, ApoE, AIM, Arg2, VEGF, YM1, and Arg1 mRNAs were analyzed by real-time PCR and normalized to that of Hprt mRNA. (c,d,f,g) The relative abundances of LXRalpha, LXRbeta, ABCA1, ABCG1, ApoE, Aim, Arg2, and VEGF proteins were determined by Western blotting analysis. The relative densitometric intensity was determined for each band and normalized to beta-actin. Data in all bar graphs are means +/- SEM of three independent experiments. *P < 0.05 compared with control. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27406916), licensed under a CC-BY licence.

Western Blotting for ABCA1, as detailed in Supplementary Protocol #5 (Additional file 1). Caco-2 cells cultivated on filter inserts were treated for 48 h with bexarotene (RXR agonist, 5 uM), T0901317 (LXR agonist, 10 uM), GW3965 (LXR agonist, 10 uM) or the vehicle control (DMSO 0.1%). Protein expression was then determined by western blot analysis. Results were normalized for interexperimental variance and then set in relation to the vehicle control. Bar graphs represent mean +/- SD from three independent experiments. A representative blot is shown - the bands stem from the same membrane and the vertical line indicates excised irrelevant bands. ns not significant, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 versus solvent vehicle (determined by paired t-test) Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32308567), licensed under a CC-BY licence.

Anti-ApoA-1 IgGs upregulate ABCA1. ABCA1 was increased after 16 and 24 h of anti-ApoA-1 IgG exposure to HMDM at the mRNA level as revealed by RT-PCR (a) as well as at the protein level after 24 h anti-apoA-1 IgG stimulation, as revealed by Western blot analysis (b). In panel a, data are expressed as fold change expression of the mean +/- SD of ABCA1 calculated by deltadeltaCT method of six independent experiments (n = 6) and values were normalized to untreated condition. p-values were calculated using the Student's t-test: * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, **** p < 0.0001. (b) One of four representative Western blots is shown. Data are the mean +/- SD of band intensity volume/actin intensity volume of four independent experiments (n = 4). p-values were calculated using the Student's t-test: * p = 0.02, ** p = 0.005. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31766415), licensed under a CC-BY licence.

ApoA-I increases glucose uptake in HSKMCs in an ABCA1- and SR-B1-dependent manner. HSKMCs were transfected with scrambled siRNA (scr siRNA), ABCA1 siRNA or SR-B1 siRNA. The cells were lysed and ABCA1 (A) and SR-B1 (B) protein levels were quantified by immunoblotting. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30718702), licensed under a CC-BY licence.

Functional miR-33 responsive elements in the 3'UTR of ATP8B1 and ABCB11. G). Relative protein levels in HuH7 cells transduced with empty or miR-33 adenovirus. Some cells were incubated for 16 h in the presence of FXR:RXR agonists (2 umol/L GW4064 : 1 umol/L 9-cis-retinoic acid) to induce ABCB11. Asterisk indicates a non-specific band. Data shown as mean +/- SD; **p < 0.01. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22767443), licensed under a CC-BY licence.

LXRs control expression of genes involved in cholesterol homeostasis and fatty acid synthesis in MPECs. (D) Western blot analysis was performed on WT (+/+) or Lxralphabeta-/- MPECs using Srebp1c, Abca1 and beta-Actin antibodies. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23554947), licensed under a CC-BY licence.

Suppressive effects of Ucn1 on foam cell formation and related protein expression in human monocyte-derived macrophages.Human monocytes were incubated for 7 days with RPMI-1640 supplemented with 10% human serum and the indicated concentrations of Ucn1, followed by a 19 h-incubation with 50 ug/ml oxLDL in the presence of 0.1 mmol/l [3H]oleate. Intracellular CE accumulation was determined from the radioactivity of cholesterol-[3H]oleate. Otherwise, before the addition of oxLDL, cells were harvested and subjected to immunoblotting analyses for CD36, ACAT1, or ABCA1. beta-Actin served as a loading control. Data are expressed as means +/- SEM from 4-6 independent experiments with monocytes from 4-6 different donors. Baseline (1 fold) = 8.4+/-2.2 nmol/mg cell protein. *P<0.05, +P<0.001 vs. 0 nmol/l of Ucn1. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0110866), licensed under a CC-BY licence.

Alternatively activated macrophages (M2) exhibit increased clearance of OxLDL in vitro C). Increased ABCA1 and ABCG1 expression in M2-derived foam cells. Shown is a representative Western blot for the presence of ABCA1, ABCG1 and beta-actin in lysates of cells that were treated as indicated. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23027612), licensed under a CC-BY licence.

$Impairment of mitophagy upon Antimycin A and Oligomycin exposure.a Cells were treated with Antimycin A (1 μM) and Oligomycin (1 μM) for 1, 3, and 6 and mitochondrion/cytosol fractionation was performed to assay the accumulation of LC3-II, p62 and PINK1 within the mitochondrial fraction. VDAC1 was used as a loading control for mitochondrial fractions. b, c Cells were treated with Antimycin A (1 μM) and Oligomycin (1 μM) for 1, 3, 6, and 24 h and total fibroblasts extracts were analyzed for PINK1, p62, COXIV and VDAC1. Each quantitative data was normalized with ACTIN (n ≥ 3). Statistical analysis was performed using two-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparisons test. (*p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001). Immunoblots reported are from one representative experiment Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31332166), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.$

GPR50 competes with FKBP12 for the binding to T beta RI. a (Left) HEK293T cells were transfected with Flag-T beta RI alone or cotransfected with HA-T beta RII (with TGF beta ; 2 ng/mL; 1 h), myc-FKBP12 and either GPR50 delta 4 or GPR50wt. Lysates were precipitated for FKBP12 using anti-myc antibody and blotted with an anti-Flag to reveal complex formation. Expression of myc-FKBP12, Flag-T beta RI, HA-T beta RII and GPR50 was determined in total lysates. (Right) Densitometric analysis of 3 independent experiments (Mean ± s.e.m., n = 3 independent experiments, **p < 0.01, one-way ANOVA with Dunnett’s post hoc test). b, c Competition between FKBP12 and GPR50 for T beta RI binding was checked by precipitating FKBP12 from total brain and lung lysates of wt and GPR50ko mice and revealed with anti-T beta RI. Total lysate was addressed for expression of FKBP12, T beta RI, and GPR50 with corresponding antibodies. d To address the competition of FKBP12 and GPR50 for T beta RI binding, BRET measurements were performed with HEK293T cells expressing fixed amounts of T beta RI-Rluc8 and GPR50 delta 4-YFP or GPR50wt-YFP or T beta RII-YFP and stimulated with TGF beta (0.6 nM, 30 min, 37 °C). Immunoblot on the top shows FBP12 expression when transfected either with empty (Mock) or FKBP12 in different conditions. e HEK293T cells expressing the indicated proteins were starved and treated for 1 h with 2 ng/ml of TGF beta or 100 ng/ml of FK506. Total lysates were immunoblotted for Smad3 phosphorylation and total expression of myc-Smad3, GPR50 and myc-FKBP12 with suitable antibodies. f Alignment of FKBP12 and GPR50 sequences revealed similarities between the C-terminal “ATGHP” motif in FKBP12 and four repetitive motifs in GPR50 (upper top panel). One motif of GPR50 is located close to the delta 4 deletion of GPR50 delta 4 (lower bottom panel). Structural data with permission adapted from Huse et al.29 highlight the implication of the HP loop (red) in binding to T beta RI (lower panel). g HEK293T cells were transfected with indicated plasmids and as in a. Lysates were precipitated for FKBP12 using an anti-myc antibody and blotted with an anti-T beta RI to reveal complex formation. Expression of myc-FKBP12, HA-T beta RI, and GPR50 was determined in total lysates. Representative results are shown for b, c, e, and g. Similar results were obtained in at least two additional experiments. See also Supplementary Fig. 3 Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//www.nature.com/articles/s41467-018-03609-x), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

Involvement of CBP in BNIP3 expression regulated by HIF-1 alpha and FOXO3 under hypoxia. (A) UCB-hMSCs were incubated with hypoxia condition for 24 h. Co-immunoprecipitation of HIF-1 alpha and FOXO3 with IgG and CBP were shown in left panel. IgG was used as a negative control. The total protein expressions of HIF-1 alpha , FOXO3, CBP and beta -actin in lysate were shown in right panel. n = 3. (B) CBP (20 μM) was pretreated to UCB-hMSCs, and cells were incubated with hypoxia for 24 h. The BNIP3 mRNA expression level was analyzed by qPCR. n = 6. (C) BNIP3 and beta -actin protein expressions were analyzed by western blot. Data represent mean ± S.E. n = 4. (D, E) Sample DNA was immuno-precipitated with RNA polymerase, IgG, HIF-1 alpha and FOXO3 specific antibodies. CHIP (top panel) and lysate (bottom panel) samples were amplified with the primers of GAPDH and BNIP3 promoters. Quantitative CHIP data was analyzed by qPCR, and shown in the right panel. n = 4. Western blot data were normalized by beta -actin, and qPCR data were normalized by ACTB mRNA expression level. Quantitative data are presented as a mean ± S.E.M. All blot images are representative. *p < 0.05 versus control, #p < 0.05 versus hypoxia. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S2213231717303804), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

DNA methylation and expression level of the PHD3 gene in HCT116 and DLD-1 CRC cells. A. HCT116 and DLD-1 cells were cultured under normoxic or hypoxic (1% O2) conditions for 48 hrs. Cells were then used for DNA isolation followed by bisulfite modification. Methylation percentage of three DNA fragments within the PHD3 CpG island (Additional file 1, Additional file 2) in HCT116 and DLD-1 cells under hypoxic and normoxic conditions was determined by Real Time PCR amplification of bisulfite treated standard and cell line DNA, followed by comparison of their HRM profiles. B. Cells were cultured in DMEM either in hypoxic (1%O2) or normoxic conditions for 48 hrs. After incubation, the cells were used for total RNA isolation and reverse transcription. The PHD3 cDNA levels were determined by RQ-PCR relative quantification analysis. RQ-PCR results were standardized by the geometric mean of PBGD and hMRPL19 cDNA levels. PHD3 cDNA levels are expressed as a multiplicity of these cDNA copies in the cell line’s calibrator. C. Cells were cultured in DMEM either in hypoxic (1%O2) (H) or normoxic (N) conditions for 48 hrs. Cells were then used for protein isolation. Proteins were separated by 10% SDS-PAGE, and transferred to a membrane that was then immunoblotted with Rp anti - PHD3 Ab and incubated with goat anti-rabbit HRP-conjugated Ab. The membrane was then stripped and reblotted with Rp anti-GAPDH Ab, followed by incubation with goat anti-rabbit HRP-conjugated Ab. The band densitometry readings were normalized to GAPDH loading control. The ratio of PHD3 to GAPDH for DLD-1 in normoxic conditions was assumed to be 1. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24195777), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

The role of HIF-1 in purinosome formation.a, quantifying the number of purinosome-containing cells in normoxia or hypoxia (24 h) in purine-rich medium and normoxia in purine-depleted medium (purine -ve), cells in hypoxia transfected with siRNA to HIF-1 alpha (+ siRNA), and cells in purine-rich medium supplemented with DFX. Data shown are n = 3, mean ± S.E., total number of cells counted are shown in parentheses. b, time course of purinosome formation in hypoxia shows the number of purinosome-containing cells steadily increases after 3 h in hypoxia. Re-oxygenation of the samples after hypoxic incubation for 10 h reverts the number purinosome-containing cells back to normoxic levels. Data shown is n = 3, mean ± S.E., total number of cells counted are shown in parentheses. c, time course of HIF-1 alpha stabilization in hypoxia shows maximum HIF-1 alpha protein expression levels at 3 h in hypoxia, after which the HIF-1 alpha expression decreases. The positions of molecular markers are shown for each blot; uncropped blots with overlaid markers are deposited in the raw data files. d, the effect of hypoxia on the transcription of purine biosynthesis enzymes measured by qPCR. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and HIF-1 alpha are controls. Data shown are n = 5, mean ± S.E. e, the effect of hypoxia on the protein expression levels of the purine biosynthetic enzymes. HIF-1 alpha is stabilized in hypoxia as expected, and no significant increase in the purine enzymes was detected between normoxic (21% oxygen) and hypoxic (1% oxygen) growth conditions. The positions of molecular markers surrounding each band of interest are shown for each blot; uncropped blots with overlaid markers are deposited in the raw data files. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32439803), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

FIH exits the nucleus via a Leptomycin B-sensitive exportin1-dependent pathway. (A) Immunofluorescence staining of FIH (green) and HIF1 alpha (red) in MCF7 cells after the indicated hypoxia (0.5% O2) and re-oxygenation treatments. TO-PRO-3 (blue) was used to stain nuclei. (B) Total cell lysates from U2OS cells were immunoprecipitated with an anti-exportin1 antibody or control IgG. FIH, exportin1 and beta -tubulin levels are indicated. (C) Immunofluorescence staining of FIH (green) in FIH-null mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) transfected with HA-FIH 1–349 or HA-FIH delta NES followed by normoxia, hypoxia (1% O2, 3 h) or 3 h of hypoxia followed by re-oxygenation for 1 h. TO-PRO-3 (blue) was used to stain nuclei. Arrows indicate nuclear localization of signal. (D) Total cell lysates from U2OS cells transfected with control vector, HA-FIH 1–349 or HA-FIH delta NES were immunoprecipitated with an anti-exportin 1 antibody. HA-FIH, exportin1 and beta -tubulin levels are indicated. FL, full length; IgGL, IgG light chain. Scale bars: 20 µm. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30333145), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

Munc13-4 KD strongly impairs exosome release. (A) SDS-PAGE Western blot of indicated proteins in MDA-MB-231 cells after stable expression of shRNA for Munc13-4 or Rab27a or a scrambled control (Ctrl). (B) Culture medium from MDA-MB-231 cells either untreated or stimulated with 1.25 µM ionomycin for 30 min was centrifuged at 1,000 g to remove cellular debris and 10,000 g to remove large extracellular vesicles. (C) The resulting 10,000-g supernatant was filtered onto a nitrocellulose membrane and analyzed for CD63, CD9, ALIX, and GM130 content by antibody blotting. (D) Quantification of CD63, CD9, and ALIX blots in C are shown as exosome release as a percentage of total cellular material with mean values ± standard error (SE) for n ≥ 3. *, P < 0.05 for comparison with corresponding control samples. (E) Panc-1 or A549 cells were left untreated or were treated with TGF beta -1 for 24 h. Indicated proteins were detected by SDS-PAGE Western blot. (F) Panc-1 cells were left untreated or were treated with TGF beta -1 for 24 h, and Munc13-4 levels were determined by immunofluorescence. TGF beta -1–treated cells exhibited a mesenchymal morphology. Bars, 5 μm. (G) A549 cells stably expressing control shRNA (Ctrl) or Munc13-4 shRNA were left untreated (Untr) or were treated with TGF beta -1 for 24 h, and SDS-PAGE Western blotting for indicated proteins was conducted. (H) Culture media supernatants (as in B) from A549 cells that were either untreated or were stimulated with 1.25 µM ionomycin for 30 min were filtered onto nitrocellulose membrane and analyzed for CD63 and GM130. (I) Quantification of CD63+ exosome release shown as a percentage of total cellular material with mean values ± SE for n = 5. *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01 for comparison with corresponding control samples. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29930202), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

Elevated Spy1 levels prevent contact inhibition. (A) Representative views of focus formation assays in NIH3T3 cells transfected with Myc-Spy1-WT, Myc-Spy1-TST, positive control Ras-V12 or empty vector PCS3 control. n = 3 (B) Quantification of the number of colonies. Error bars reflect SE between triplicate experiments. t test was performed;** P ≤ 0.01. n = 3 (right panel) Western blot analysis of one representative lysate from A-B. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//bmccancer.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2407-12-45), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

SOD2 mRNA and protein expression. RT-PCR: (A) SOD2 mRNA expression is higher in adults, and highest in the adult parenchyma. (B) No exposure effects on SOD2 mRNA were observed in neonates. (C) Adult SOD2 mRNA was decreased in PFP48. Data are presented as mean+SEM (n=5-7 rats/group, in each compartment), * significantly different compared to neonates in the same compartment, † significantly different compared to airways in the same age, ‡ significantly different compared to FA in the same compartment. Western blotting: (D) Scan of representative SOD2 and actin blots. (E) Neonatal whole lung SOD2 protein expression was unchanged with exposure, and (F) adult whole lung SOD2 protein trended upwards at PFP2, but was statistically insignificant. (G-J) Immunohistochemical localization of SOD2 in lung (n=6 rats/group). SOD2 protein was more abundant in adults compared to neonates, but no exposure specific differences were observed. Scale bar is 50 μm. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//particleandfibretoxicology.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1743-8977-10-34), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

Cells of human meninges co-express LLEC markers. a–c DAB-IHC with single antibodies detects VEGFR3 (a), LYVE1 (b), and MRC1 (c) in the meninges of human post mortem brain showing no signs of neuropathology. These images are taken from a 38 year old male (sample P17/07, Table 1), and confirmed in n = 2 additional samples. P parenchyma. Scale = 150 µm (a); 40 µm (b); and 20 µm (c). d–f DAB-IHC with single antibodies detects VEGFR3 (b), LYVE1 (c), and MRC1 (d) in elderly human meninges (age: 89–92) with evidence of neuropathology and confirmed in n = 3 brains (Table 1). P, parenchyma. Scale = 20 µm. g–p IHC with fluorescent antibodies detects human meningeal cells that co-express MRC1 (h, m, yellow), LYVE1 (i, n, white), and VEGFR3 (j, o, green). Nuclei/RNA are labelled with DAPI (g, l, blue) and images are merged in (k, p). Scale = 10 µm Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31696318), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

Inhibition of KDM expression in vivo.(A) Ears from C57Bl/6 mice were injected intradermally with 250 ng of IL-1 alpha , IL-17A, IL-22, OSM and TNF alpha (M5) or with Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS). At 24 h quantitative RT-PCR analysis was carried out on total RNA and expression levels for cytokeratin 1 (CK1), cytokeratin 10 (CK10), loricrin (LOR), filaggrin (FLG), desmoglein 1 (DSG1), desmocollin 1 (DSC1) and involucrin (IVL) were normalized using GAPDH housekeeping gene and expressed as the fold decrease under non injected skin. Data are represented as mean and SEM of 3 independent experiments. *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001. (B) On day 2, the ears were collected for staining with Hematoxylin and Eosin (HE) and immunodetection of cytokeratin 10, loricrin, filaggrin, cytokeratin 6 and Ki-67. Scale bar 100 µm. Results are from one experiment representative of three. (C) Skin biopsies from normal control skin (Cont) or lesional psoriatic skin (Pso) were collected. Skin sections were stained with Hematoxylin and immunodetection of cytokeratin 10, loricrin, filaggrin, involucrin and S100A7 was performed. Scale bar 100 µm. Results are from one experiment representative of three. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0101937), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

MicroRNA-214-3p (miR-214) mimic in rat vascular smooth muscle cells (A7r5) suppressed angiogenesis and proliferation but promoted senescence. a Schematic of the protocol for transfection of A7r5 VSMCs with a miRNA mimic control (mimic NC) or a miR-214 mimic and processed at the indicated times. b The effects of miR-214 mimic on VSMC cell proliferation were tested by CCK-8 assay. c Angiogenetic mRNA expressions of NOS3, VEGFA, CXCL12 and CXCR4 compared in cells transfected with mimic NC or miR-214 mimic (n = 3). d Senescence-associated mRNA expressions of TERT, TERF1 and TERF2 compared in cells transfected with mimic NC or miR-214 mimic (n = 3). e,g Representative western blots depicting TERF1, TERF2, p16INK4, p21CIP1, pRB, and quaking expression in mimic NC or miR-214 mimic transfected cells. f,h Normalized expressions of TERF1, TERF2, p16INK4, p21CIP1, pRB, and quaking (n = 3). i Senescence-associated beta -galactosidase staining demonstrating senescence in mimic NC or miR-214 mimic transfected cells. j Bar graphs show quantification of relative of SA-beta -gal positive cells (n = 3). Data are presented as the means ± SEM. * P < 0.05; ** P < 0.01; *** P < 0.001 (Two-tailed Student’s t-test) Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32410577), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

Intraperitoneally Administered Compound A Effectively Suppresses Triple-Negative Breast and Blood Cancer Xenograft Tumor Growth. Immunocompromised mice were subcutaneously injected with cancerous cell lines and tumors were allowed to establish. Treatments occurred every other day and the studied compound or the equivalent vehicle control administered intraperitoneally for five weeks. Tumor volume and mass were measured two times per week. (a) MV-4-11 xenograft study was administered with approximately 5.0 mg/kg of Compound A and 5.0 mg/kg of curcumin. Results are representative for the Control (n = 5), Compound A (n = 5), and curcumin (n = 4) treated group, each with two tumors per mouse. (b) MDA-MB-231 xenograft study was administered with approximately 7.5 mg/kg of Compound A. Results are representative for the Control (n = 3) and Compound A (n = 4), each with one tumor per mouse. Scale bar is 1 centimeter. (c) Immunohistochemistry analysis of sectioned tumor tissues from the MDA-MB-231 study. Each section was subjected to the specified antibody followed by a biotinylated secondary antibody. Detection was done using a DAB Peroxidase HRP Substrate Kit (brown) followed by Hematoxylin counterstaining (purple). Images were obtained using inverted bright field microscopy. Sectioning results are representative of three individual tumors. Scale bar is 50 microns. Statistical analysis using One-Way ANOVA. *p < 0.05 vs tumor volume of the control. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28439094), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

Mechanical tensile strain of 30% induces an elongation of paranodal junction and alteration in MAPK signaling in organotypic cerebellar slice culture. a Double immunostaining of organotypic cerebellar slices for CASPR in red and MAG in green. The response was evaluated at time 0 h post-stretch. Altered paranodal junctions are highlighted within white circles in high-magnification images. Scale bar, 50 μm; inset scale bar, 5 μm. b Sketch of CASPR and MAG labeling in the paranodal junction. Quantitative analysis is characterized by three length measurements: c nodal length called (A); d paranodal length called (B); and e (B-A) corresponding to the total length of the CASPR labeling. f–h Proteins were extracted following strain of 30% from control (Ctrl) and stretched (Stretch) slices and western blot was performed for the myelin protein MBP (f), ERK1/2 (g), and p38 (h). The ratio P-ERK on total ERK and the ratio P-p38 on total p38 are presented. beta -Actin was used as a loading control. Results represent the mean ± SEM (n = 3). ***p < 0.001. CASPR contactin-associated protein, MAG myelin-associated glycoprotein Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30298339), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

Gomisin N (GN) represses the expression of JMJD2B, PPAR gamma 2, and PPAR gamma 2 steatosis target genes in HepG2 cells. HepG2 cells were treated with GN (100 μM) for 12 h. (A) JMJD2B expression was assessed by qPCR and western blotting. The full-length western blots corresponding to truncated blots are given in Supplementary Figure S4. (B) PPAR gamma 2 expression was measured by qPCR. (C,D) The expression of PPAR gamma 2 steatosis target genes was assessed by qPCR. Data represent means ± SEM of three independent experiments performed in triplicate. *p < 0.05 vs. no treatment. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30214048), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

TCAB1 knockdown inhibits tumor growth in vivo. a. shTCAB1-C and shScra cells were injected subcutaneously into the left and right neck of the nude mice respectively. Measured the tumors size from the 11th day using vernier caliper and calculated the volume of tumors by formula l*w*h/2 (mm3). Finally, got out the xenografts carefully after mercifully killed the mice. b. Measured the final volume and weighted the final weight of the removed tumors. c. Performed IHC against TCAB1 using mice xenografts sections. The smaller tumors expressed less TCAB1 compared to shScra cells. Statistical analysis of the IHC data used Aperio ImageScope software and all of the data were determined by Student’s t test (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.005). Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25070141), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

MiR-375-3p negatively regulates Derlin-1 and blocks EMT in BFTC909 cells. (A) Western blot revealed the restoration of Derlin-1, MMP-2, Snail, and ZEB1 after co-transfection of miR-375-3p mimics and CMV-Derlin-1 compared with cells transfected with miR-375-3p alone in BFTC909 cells with alpha -tubulin as a reference (B) Quantification of the protein levels of Derlin-1, occludin, MMP-2, Snail, and ZEB1 from (A) (N = 3). (C) miR-375-3p suppressed BFTC909 cell migration ability but restored by Derlin-1 overexpression (N = 3). (D) miR-375-3p repressed invasion of BFTC909 cells but restored by Derlin-1 overexpression (N = 3). Data were represented as mean ± SD; * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35205628), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

TLR4 expression in pVW-MSCs cultured with or without LPS (10 μg/ml) for 1 and 4 h and after additional 24 h of recovery after LPS removal (4hR). a: flow cytometry analysis were performed in not fixed and not permeabilized cells for TLR4 surface expression determination (TLR4: Surface) and in fixed and permeabilized cells to measure the overall TLR4 amount (TLR4: Total). Red histograms: stained cells; blue histograms: control cells. b: representative Western Blot of TLR4 and housekeeping beta -tubulin and relative quantification were presented. c: representative images of TLR4 immunostaining of pVW-MSCs cultured with or without LPS (10 μg/ml) for 4 h. pVW-MSCs nuclei were stained with Hoechst 33258 (blue). Scale bar = 10 μm. Data shown represent the mean ± SD of three biological replicates, each experiment is repeated three times. Data were analysed using one-way ANOVA followed by the Tukey’s post hoc comparison test. Different letters above the bars indicate significant differences (p < 0.05). (AU = Arbitrary Units) Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31029157), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

Reactivity:

Hu, Mu, Rt, Po, Ca, Ch, ChHa, Eq, Ha, Md, Pm, Rb

Species Glossary

Reactivity: Hu, Mu, Rt, Po, Ca, Ch, ChHa, Eq, Ha, Md, Pm, Rb

Applications:

, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,

Applications: , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,

Host:

Rabbit Polyclonal

Host: Rabbit Polyclonal

Sizes:

Sample Size Available

Sizes: Sample Size Available

Conjugate:

Unconjugated

Available Conjugates:

Validated by:

Validated by:

Conjugate	Catalog #	Availability	Size	Price
Alexa Fluor 350	NB400-105AF350
Alexa Fluor 405	NB400-105AF405
Alexa Fluor 488	NB400-105AF488
Alexa Fluor 532	NB400-105AF532
Alexa Fluor 594	NB400-105AF594
Alexa Fluor 647	NB400-105AF647
Alexa Fluor 700	NB400-105AF700
Alexa Fluor 750	NB400-105AF750
Allophycocyanin	NB400-105APC
Allophycocyanin/Cy7	NB400-105APCCY7
Biotin	NB400-105B
DyLight 350	NB400-105UV
DyLight 405	NB400-105V
DyLight 488	NB400-105G
DyLight 550	NB400-105R
DyLight 594	NB400-105DL594
DyLight 650	NB400-105C
DyLight 680	NB400-105FR
DyLight 755	NB400-105IR
FITC	NB400-105F
HRP	NB400-105H
Janelia Fluor 549	NB400-105JF549
Janelia Fluor 646	NB400-105JF646
PE	NB400-105PE
PE/Atto594	NB400-105PEATT594
PE/Cy5.5	NB400-105PECY55
PE/Cy7	NB400-105PECY7
PerCP	NB400-105PCP
mFluor Violet 450 SE	NB400-105MFV450
mFluor Violet 500 SE	NB400-105MFV500
mFluor Violet 610 SE	NB400-105MFV610

Available Formulations

Formulation	Catalog #	Availability	Price
BSA Free	NB400-105SS

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NB600-1384

LC3B Antibody - BSA Free

(19 Reviews)

(397 Publications)

0.1 ml

NB600-1384

FTC-133/TPC-1 cells were transfected with HMGB1 shRNA and control shRNA and then pre-treated for 1 h with pepstatin A (PA, 10 uM) and E64D (10 uM) as indicated. Cells were subsequently treated for 3 h with HBSS in continuous presence or absence PA/E64D inhibitors. LC3-I/II levels were assayed by Western blot. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//jeccr.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13046-019-1328-3) licensed under a CC-BY license.

LC3B immunohistochemical staining in CC tissue(A) CC with low LC3B dot like staining. (B) CC with high LC3B dot like staining. (magnification 20X). Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//www.oncotarget.com/lookup/doi/10.18632/oncotarget.17554) licensed under a CC-BY license.

Analysis of LC3B in treated U87-MG (human glioblastoma astrocytoma) lysates using anti- [Catalog # NB600-1384].

Depletion of RARalpha prevents ATRA-induced autophagic flux in SKBR3 cells. LC3B western blotting and quantification of the autophagic activity in control and RARalpha-knockdown SKBR3 cells upon treatment with 1 uM ATRA for 2 days in the presence or absence of BafA for 2 h at 200 nM. LC3B-II expression was normalized to GAPDH and to vehicle-treated control cells. Standard deviations from at least five independent experiments are shown. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//www.nature.com/articles/cddis2015236), licensed under a CC-BY license.

Human cervical carcinoma (HeLa) and Mouse Neuroblast cells (Neuro2a) were treated with (+) and without (-) 50 uM Chloroquine overnight. Whole cell protein lysates were prepared in 1x Laemmli sample buffer and approximately 10 ug of each lysate (NBP2-49689 and NBP2-49688) was separated on a 4- 20% gel by SDS-PAGE, transferred to 0.2 um PVDF membrane and blocked in 5% nonfat milk in TBST. The membrane was probed with 2 ug/mL anti-LC3 (NB600-1384) and 1 ug/mL anti-alpha tubulin (NB100-690) as a loading control, and detected with the appropriate secondary antibodies using NovaLume Pico Chemiluminescence Substrate (NBP2-61915).

<b>Biological Strategies Validation. </b>Fibroblasts were exposed to 1 mM LLOMe and when indicated pretreated with the autophagy inhibitors 3-methyladenine (5 mM, 1 h) or bafilomycin A1 (25 nM, 30 min). Immunostaining with corresponding colocalization analysis of a) LC3 (green) and galectin-3 (red) and b) LC3 (green) and LAMP2 (red). Merged images show colocalization in yellow, nuclei are stained with DAPI (blue). LLOME = l-leucyl-l-leucine methyl ester, a lysosomal membrane damage compound. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32409651/) licensed under a CC-BY license.

Confocal analysis of HeLa cells using Rabbit anti-LC3B antibody (Catalog # NB600-1384, 1:5). An Alexa Fluor 488-conjugated Goat to rabbit IgG was used as secondary antibody (green). Actin filaments were labeled with Alexa Fluor 568 phalloidin (red). DAPI was used to stain the cell nuclei (blue).

Immunocytochemical/Immunofluorescent staining of treated U373-MG cells using the HRP conjugate of anti- (Catalog # NB600-1384). The nuclei were stained with DAPI.

Staining of treated U373-MG (human glioblastoma) cells using anti- [Catalog # NB600-1384].

Analysis of U87MG glioma xenografts using anti- [Catalog # NB600-1384]. Image from verified customer review.

LC3B staining in treated U87-MG cultured & subcutaneous tumors.

LC3B staining in glioblastoma multiform tissue.

Lane view shows a specific band for LC3B in 0.5 mg/ml of Neuro2A lysate at a molecular weight of approximately 15 kDa. This experiment was performed under reducing conditions using the 12-230 kDa separation system.

LC3A and LC3B siRNAs specifically block the expression of the LC3A and LC3B proteins, respectively, in A549 cell line (E1,2,3). In E4 the reactivity of and of the LC3B (5F10 antibody) is shown, following silencing of the LC3A or of the LC3B genes, in the A549 cell line. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0137675), licensed under a CC-BY license.

NOD1-dependent induction of autophagy contributes to IRGM and LC3 recruitment to Mtb-containing vesicles. The subcellular localization of autophagy proteins was observed in untreated (A, C) and Tri-DAP treated cells (B, D) using anti-IRGM and anti-LC3 antibodies, which were detected using a secondary antibody coupled to 5 nm gold particles (indicated with arrowheads; TEM X 62,000). Gold particles colocalizing with bacteria were manually counted in 10 macrophages of each condition (E, F) and the differences between the treatments are indicated: ***p < 0.01 and *p < 0.05 vs. Mtb, ++p < 0.01 vs. Tri-DAP, Wilcoxon Rank test. Box plots indicate median and quartiles. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//bmcpulmmed.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2466-14-152), licensed under a CC-BY license.

Examples of immunohistochemical stainings; (A) LC3B low, (B) LC3B high, (C) p62 low (any cellular compartment), (D) p62 cytoplasmic low, (E) p62 cytoplasmic/dot like high, nuclear low, (F) p62 cytoplasmic/dot like low, nuclear high, (G) HMGB1 low, (H) HMGB1 high. Objective magnification, 40×.

Validation of modulations in autophagy-related markers after SIRT6 knockdown in melanoma cells. (B) Western blot analyses of various autophagy markers including LC3 I and II, BECN1, SQSTM1, ATG3, ATG7, ATG10 and GAA using cell lysates of shNS and shSIRT6 in A375 melanoma cells. beta-actin was used as loading control. The figure shows representative western blot images from 2-3 experiments. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//www.genesandcancer.com/lookup/doi/10.18632/genesandcancer.153), licensed under a CC-BY licence.

Induction of autophagic flux in OE19 upon Lapatinib treatment. (a) LC3B flux was assessed comparing control and BafilomycinA (BafA)-treated (200 nM, 2 h) OE19 upon Lapatinib treatment (120 nM, 24 h). LC3 band intensities were quantified using ImageJ software. Total protein was used as a loading control, and Phospho-Her2 for Lapatinib treatment (n = 3). Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30297650), licensed under a CC-BY licence.

In vitro alphaS seeds induce endo-lysosome-free and endo-lysosome-associated alphaS inclusions in H4/V1S-SV2 cells. (d) The treated cells were further subjected to immunocytochemical staining of LAMP1 (Alexa fluor 405) and LC3 (Alexa fluor 568) to demonstrate the association between autophagosomes, endo-lysosomes, and seeded alphaS inclusions. Scale bar: 5 um (top row) and 2 um (bottom row). Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//www.nature.com/articles/s41598-017-08149-w), licensed under a CC-BY licence.

(E) LC3A and LC3B siRNAs specifically block the expression of the LC3A and LC3B proteins, respectively, in A549 cell line (E1,2,3). In E4 the reactivity of LC3A (ab62720 Ab) and of the LC3B (5F10 antibody) is shown, following silencing of the LC3A or of the LC3B genes, in the A549 cell line. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26378792), licensed under a CC-BY licence.

Combination treatment of valproic acid (VPA) and doxorubicin (DOX) synergistically augmented the autophagy of HepG2 cells. (D) LC3 I and II protein levels were analyzed using Western blotting. Actin was used as the loading control. The intensity of LC3B-II bands was quantified by scanning densitometry program ImageJ and normalized to that of actin (right panel). Three independent experiments were performed and results reported as the mean +/- standard deviation (SD). ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001 compared with the control group. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/18/5/1048), licensed under a CC-BY licence.

Autophagy and the proteasome regulate CagA stability. (A) Wild-type (WT) and autophagy-deficient (Atg5-/-) MEFs were infected with a CagA+ vacA- isogenic mutant strain (MOI 100) for 8 hours using a gentamycin protection assay. The autophagy marker LC3-II was used to confirm that Atg5-/- MEFs are autophagy-deficient. CagA protein levels were measured by Western blotting using beta-actin as loading control. Graph shows fold change of CagA normalized to beta-actin relative to WT MEFs (mean + SEM; n = 4). Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30631092), licensed under a CC-BY licence.

PB induces autophagy but blocks autophagosome trafficking and autophagosome-lysosome fusion in Hep3B cells. (B) Hep3B cells were treated for 6, 24 and 48 h with the indicated concentrations of PB. Levels of protein expression were analysed by Western blot using antibodies against LC3B, p62/SQSTM1, ATG12, BECN1 and Actin. Images were cropped from different blots run under the same experimental conditions. The original blots were attached as Supplementary Figure 3A. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//www.nature.com/articles/srep41437), licensed under a CC-BY licence.

Effects of exogenous HMGB1 on ATRA-induced differentiation. E). Expression of PML-RARalpha, P62 and LC3-I/II in NB4 cells treated with ATRA (1 uM) or HMGB1 (10 ug/ml) for 48 h was assayed by western blotting and co-immunoprecipitation in comparison to control (DMSO). Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//www.oncotarget.com/lookup/doi/10.18632/oncotarget.15432), licensed under a CC-BY licence.

Activation of autophagy by MG132 is associated with AGR2 decline. d) The levels of AGR2 and LC3B were measured by western blotting with MG132 treatment at indicated time. e Analysis of LC3B and AGR2 accumulation in A549 cells by fluorescent staining. Scale bar = 10 um Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30647455), licensed under a CC-BY licence.

Autophagy was induced under conditions of LH and inhibited by CQ and 3-MA in HCC cells.(A-C). SMMC-7721 and HepG2 cells were directly incubated under normal or LH conditions for 8 h or incubated under LH conditions in the presence or absence of CQ or 3-MA for 8 h. (C). The whole-cell lysates were subjected to western blot analysis as described in the 'Materials and methods'section. The experiments were repeated at least three times. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//www.nature.com/articles/srep05382), licensed under a CC-BY licence.

The effect of H19 siRNA on autophagy in OGD/R model. A) Immunofluorescence of LC3II in different conditions. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//www.aginganddisease.org/EN/10.14336/AD.2016.0530), licensed under a CC-BY licence.

Validation of selected differentially expressed genes. A. RT-PCR analysis of genes elevated in drug resistant cells. The y-axis represents fold up-regulation in the different drug resistant cell lines over the parental OV90 cell line. B. RT-PCR analysis of genes decreased in drug resistant cells. The y-axis represents the fold down-regulation of the different resistant cell lines compared to the parental OV90 cell line. C. Immunoblot analysis of selected gene products identified by microarray and RT-PCR as altered in drug resistant cells. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//ovarianresearch.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1757-2215-4-21), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

Osteogenic differentiation in 3D. (A) Histochemical staining of 12-μm-thick gel sections from one representative donor after 5 weeks of culture in undifferentiated or osteogenic conditions. Osteoimage® (HA-specific staining), von Kossa (stains anionic portion of phosphates, carbonates, and other salts) and Alizarin Red (stains Ca2+ deposits) shows differentiation in the Col I—BMSC cultures. Scale bar = 100 μm. (B) Immunostaining for osteocalcin (OCN) and nuclear 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) in 3D cultures after 5 weeks. (C) Immunostaining for osteopontin (OPN) and nuclear DAPI in 3D cultures after 5 weeks. Scale bar = 50 μm. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34948393), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

G-TPP induces PINK1 stabilization and kinase activity in HeLa cells(A) G-TPP treatment leads to PINK1 stabilization and pS65-Ub induction in HeLa cells. HeLa cells stably expressing untagged Parkin were treated with 10 µM G-TPP for the indicated times. Western blots were prepared with cell lysates and probed with antibodies against PINK1 and pS65-Ub. GAPDH served as a loading control. (B) pS65-Ub is induced in G-TPP treated cells and co-localizes with EGFP-Parkin and mitochondria. HeLa cells stably expressing EGFP-Parkin (green) were treated with 10 µM G-TPP for the indicated times and fixed. Cells were stained with antibodies against pS65-Ub (red) and the mitochondrial marker TOM20 (cyan). Scale bars correspond to 10 µM. (C) Quantification of Parkin translocation using High Content Imaging. HeLa EGFP-Parkin cells were treated for 4 or 8 h with or without 10 µM G-TPP. CCCP treatment (10 µM for 2 h) was used as a positive control. Cells were fixed, counterstained with Hoechst dye to visualize nuclei, imaged and analyzed using the ratio of cytoplasmic to nuclear EGFP signal [21]. Data was normalized to positive (2 h 10 µM CCCP treatment) and negative (2 h DMSO) controls. G-TPP significantly induced Parkin re-localization to levels similar to or beyond 2 h CCCP treatment. Shown are the mean values of three independent experiments with triplicate wells each ± SEM (one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s posthoc, ***p < 0.0005). Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//www.oncotarget.com/lookup/doi/10.18632/oncotarget.22287), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

Association of p53 and APE1 on p53-binding sites in p21 promoter.(A) p21 promoter structure showing p53 and AP4 binding sites. (B) ChIP Real Time PCR analysis showing relative enrichment (2− delta CT) of APE1-immunoprecipitated DNA over that from control IgG in p21 promoter regions containing p53 binding sites 1 & 2 in HCT116WT cells. (C) Re-ChIP analysis (first IP with alpha -APE1 and the second IP with alpha -p53 antibody) showing simultaneous recruitment of APE1 and p53 in control vs. etoposide treated cells; *: p value <0.05 (n = 2) calculated based on APE1/p53 enriched DNA from control vs. etoposide treated cells. (D) Western analysis of FLAG immunoprecipitate (IP) to detect APE1-associated p53 and FLAG (APE1) from empty vector vs. FLAG-tagged WT APE1 or FLAG-tagged N delta 33 APE1 transfected HCT116WT cells (left panel) and from control vs. etoposide-treated WT APE1-FLAG transfected cells (right panel). Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23874636), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

$Loss of functional PRPF31 induce RNA:DNA hybrid dependent genomic instability but not in mice retinal neurons.(a andb) gamma H2AX and 53BP1 foci analysis in PRPF31 siRNA-transfected RPE-1 cells. (c and d) gamma H2AX and 53BP1 foci analysis in vasculo-stromal fraction derived primary cells fromPrpf31+/A216P mice (Prpf31-ki). (e) gamma H2AX and 53BP1 foci analysis in retina fromPrpf31+/A216P mice on postnatal day 20. All column bars represent the mean. For (a-d) “n”, mentioned on respective column, signify number of cells analyzed from two independent experiments. For (e) n=16 for each column and signify number of retinal sections analyzed; acquired from n=4 eyes. Error bars represent Standard error of Mean (SEM). *P≤0.05; **P<0.01, ***P<0.001 using Mann-Whitney test (a,b), Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Dunn’s post hoc test (c,d); and two tailed unpaired Student’s t-test (e). Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30345028), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.$

Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) grades and temporal expression of endogenous osteopontin (OPN) and autophagy‐related proteins in rat brain after SAH. A, Representative brain images of Sham and SAH rats. B, Summary of SAH grading scores of all groups. Sample size is 27, n = 9 per group. Data were analyzed using Kruskal‐Wallis test, χ2 = 18.183. C, Representative Western blot images and quantitative analyses of OPN, Beclin 1, LC3, and ATG 5 from the left hemisphere of rat brains at different time points after SAH. Sample size is 36, n = 6 per group. Data were presented as mean ± SD. F = 28.45 for OPN, F = 12.37 for Beclin 1, F = 18.88 for LC3, F = 22.14 for ATG5. *P < .05, ** P < .01, ***P < .001 vs Sham group. SAH, subarachnoid hemorrhage; Vehicle, phosphate‐buffered saline; rOPN, recombinant OPN. NS, not significant Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31436915), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

$Staufen1 co-fractionates with Gag and vRNA in gradient density fractionation analyses. (A) HeLa cells were either mock transfected with empty vector, pcDNA3, or with a plasmid that expresses Staufen1-HA. The transfected cells were collected 24 h later, lysed and were either mock-treated or treated with RNAse A. The lysates were then fractionated on 5–50% sucrose gradients and 20 fractions were collected for further analysis by western blotting for viral and host proteins, as indicated. HIV-1 viral genomic RNA (vRNA, 9 kb) was assessed in each fraction by slot blot analysis. TL represents the total lysates. (B) HeLa cells were co-transfected with pNL 4–3 and Staufen1-HA. The presence of Staufen1-HA, precursor Gag and p24 were assessed in each fraction by western blotting analysis. HIV-1 viral genomic RNA (9 kb, vRNA) was assessed in each fraction by slot blot analysis. Staufen1, Gag and vRNA were quantitated in each fraction by densitometry and relative levels are depicted for each fraction (Blue: Staufen1-HA, Red: Gag, Green-vRNA). Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2012.00367/abstract), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.$

Endogenous MIR376A limits starvation-induced autophagy.(A) Blockage of endogenous MIR376A by Ant-376a, but not CNT-Ant further stimulated starvation (STV)-activated LC3-I to LC3-II conversion in MCF-7 cells. ACTB was used as a loading control. LC3-II/LC3-I densitometric ratios were marked. (B) Ant-376a, but not CNT-Ant resulted in further activation of SQSTM1 protein degradation following starvation in MCF-7 cells. SQSTM1/ACTB ratios were marked. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24358205), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

GAS6 increases the amount of both CIP2A and p-DAPK in RSC96 cells(A) RSC96 cells were incubated with GAS6 (100 ng/ml), and immunoblotting evaluations of CIP2A and p-DAPK expression were performed. The lower panel shows the intensity during basal conditions from the scanned imaged (upper panel). (B) RSC96 cells incubated with and without GAS6 (100 ng/ml) for 30 min and analysed by immunofluorescence. (C) Immunohistochemistry images demonstrated that CIP2A expression levels were higher than sham levels at 14 days and 28 days in the cavernous nerve after BCNI. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//www.oncotarget.com/lookup/doi/10.18632/oncotarget.23978), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

Effect of treatment with FX extract on CREB/BDNF signaling. (a-c) Differences in the phosphorylation of CREB and expression of BDNF between groups in the PFC and hippocampus (n = 3-4). (d, e) pCREB and BDNF immunofluorescence was assessed in the PFC and hippocampus (n = 3-4). Mean ± SD. #P < 0.05 versus normal group; ∗P < 0.05 and ∗∗P < 0.01 versus control group. Scale bar = 200 μm. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30065945), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

Immunohistochemistry of seven in absentia homolog 2 (SIAH2) gene in normal, in situ and invasive breast carcinomas. (A) Occasional nuclear positivity (arrows) in luminal cells in the terminal duct lobular unit. (B) Moderate to strong staining of SIAH2 in the nucleus of a small proportion of the cell in a high nuclear grade ductal carcinoma in situ with comedo necrosis. (C) Occasional weak to moderate SIAH2 (arrows) staining in a luminal type ductal carcinoma. (D) Strong SIAH2 staining in all nuclei in this basal-like breast carcinoma. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21306611), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

CNF1-triggered IL-1 beta maturation requires activated Rac, ASC and caspase-1.(A) Western blot analysis of the production and maturation/secretion of IL-1 beta by primary macrophages following treatment with CNF1, LPS or CNF1+LPS for 10 h. Actin and BSA were used as loading controls. (B) Quantification of caspase-1 activity in macrophages following treatment with CNF1+LPS for 6 h using YVAD-Fluorescent Labelled Inhibitor Caspase-1 Activity (FLICA). (C) Western blot analysis of macrophages IL-1 beta maturation/secretion upon transfection of HA-Rac2Q61E and LPS treatment. (D) Co-immunoprecipitation of Myc-Rac2 and caspase-1 using an anti-Myc antibody following the treatment of HEK 293T cells with CNF1+LPS for 6 h. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1004732), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

Expression of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), interleukin (IL)-1 beta , and protease-activated receptor-1 (PAR-1) in isolated astrocytes. (A) Isolated and purified astrocytes were identified by bright-field microscopy and immunofluorescence for glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP; red). Nuclei (DAPI) were labeled in blue. Scale bar = 100 μm. (B) Western blot and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) of the protein and mRNA expression, respectively, of S1P 0, 1, and 6 h after astrocytes were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or thrombin and Dabigatran (Dab) or PAR-1-inh (LPS only). (D) qRT-PCR and (E) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) of the mRNA expression and secretion, respectively, of IL-1 beta 0, 1, and 6 h after astrocytes were treated with LPS or thrombin and Dab or PAR-1-inh (LPS only). (F) Immunofluorescence of astrocytes and quantification of relative mean integrated optical density (IOD; green fluorescence). PAR-1 was stained in green and nuclei (DAPI) were stained in blue. Scale bar = 100 μm. For (B–F), data are presented as the mean ± SD (n = 3). *p < 0.05; #p < 0.05 vs. the same group at 0 h; &p < 0.05 vs. the same group at 1 h. ns, not significant. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32694981), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

53BP1/RIF1 work epistatically to counteract BRCA1/CtIP-mediated end resection to regulate DSB repair pathway choiceA. HeLa cells harboring pGC were treated with the indicated siRNAs before transfection with I-SceI-expressing vector to induce DSBs. After 48h, the percentage of GFP+ cells was measured as an indication for HR efficiency. B.-D. Asynchronous A549 cells were treated with the indicated siRNAs before irradiation with 2Gy and CtIP B. and RPA foci C. were monitored at 2h while RAD51 D. foci were enumerated at 4h. E. Left panel: representative photos for the colocalization between 53BP1 and RIF1 foci in A549 cells at 2h after 2Gy. Right panel: quantitation of 53BP1, RIF1 or colocalized foci in the absence (DMSO) or presence of ATM inhibitor (ATMi). F. Left panel: representative micrographs for 53BP1 or RIF1 foci in irradiated cells after depletion of either proteins. Right panel: quantitation of experiments presented in the left panel. At least 100 nuclei were counted. In all cases, the number of foci measured in non-irradiated cells was subtracted (relative). Shown are the mean ±SEM for three independent experiments. sc: scrambled RNA, si53: si53BP1, siR: siRIF1, siB: siBRCA1, and siC: siCtIP. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//www.oncotarget.com/lookup/doi/10.18632/oncotarget.11023), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

Up-regulation of RAS induced by cholesterol and 25-hydroxycholesterol in HK-2 cells. HK-2 cells were made quiescent by serum-free medium for 24 hours and then maintained in serum-free medium (control) or serum-free medium containing 30 μg/ml cholesterol together with 1 μg/ml 25-hydroxycholesterol (lipid) for 24 hours. (A) Real-time PCR of the total RAS components mRNA prepared from HK-2 cells with or without lipid treatment. AT1/AT2 ratio was evaluated as the balance between AT1 and AT2. beta -actin was used as mRNA loading control. (B) Western blot analysis for RAS components protein expression. (C) The histogram shows the average volume density corrected by the housekeeping control, beta -actin. Data is expressed as mean ± SD. *P < 0.05 vs. control. Angiotensinogen, AGT; angiotensin II, Ang II; angiotensin converting enzyme, ACE; angiotensin II type 1 receptor, AT1; angiotensin II type 2 receptor, AT2. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23570453), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

Effect of TERT silencing on murine M1 macrophage polarization.TERT siRNA and GV144-TERT were transiently transfected into LPS-treated RAW264.7 cells, respectively. (a) The endogeous TERT levels were detected by real-time PCR and western blot. The results are shown as relative expression against control expression without treatment. (b) The mRNA levels of M1 macrophages biomarkers including TNF-alpha , IL-1 beta , NOS2 and CCL2 were detected by real-time PCR. The results are shown as relative expression against control expression without treatment. (c) The secretion of proinflammatory cytokines including TNF-alpha , IL-1 beta , IL-6 and IL-12 were determined by ELISA. (d) TERT successful over-expression was verified by real-time PCR and western blot in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. The results are shown as relative expression against control expression without treatment. (e) The mRNA levels of M1 macrophages biomarkers were detected by real-time PCR. The results are shown as relative expression against control expression without treatment. (f) The secretion of proinflammatory cytokines were determined by ELISA. Data shown are the mean ± SD from 3 independent experiments. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 vs control group. #P < 0.05, ##P < 0.01 vs LPS-treated group. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26725521), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

Ang II increases the number of TSP-1 positive cells in mouse heart and skin.IHC staining of TSP-1 was performed on paraffin sections from the heart (A) and skin (B) of PBS and Ang II treated WT mice. Representative photographs are shown from five animals per group. C. TSP-1 protein levels were increased in Ang II treated HDMECs in a dose dependent manner (*p≤0.05). Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0109763), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

Reactivity:

Hu, Mu, Rt, Po, Ba, Bv, Ca, Pm, Ye, Ze

Species Glossary

Reactivity: Hu, Mu, Rt, Po, Ba, Bv, Ca, Pm, Ye, Ze

Applications:

, , , , , , , , , ,

Applications: , , , , , , , , , ,

Host:

Rabbit Polyclonal

Host: Rabbit Polyclonal

Sizes:

Sample Size Available

Sizes: Sample Size Available

Conjugate:

Unconjugated

Available Conjugates:

Validated by:

Validated by:

Conjugate	Catalog #	Availability	Size	Price
Alexa Fluor 350	NB600-1384AF350
Alexa Fluor 405	NB600-1384AF405
Alexa Fluor 488	NB600-1384AF488
Alexa Fluor 532	NB600-1384AF532
Alexa Fluor 594	NB600-1384AF594
Alexa Fluor 647	NB600-1384AF647
Alexa Fluor 700	NB600-1384AF700
Alexa Fluor 750	NB600-1384AF750
Allophycocyanin	NB600-1384APC
Biotin	NB600-1384B
DyLight 350	NB600-1384UV
DyLight 405	NB600-1384V
DyLight 488	NB600-1384G
DyLight 550	NB600-1384R
DyLight 594	NB600-1384DL594
DyLight 650	NB600-1384C
DyLight 680	NB600-1384FR
DyLight 755	NB600-1384IR
FITC	NB600-1384F
HRP	NB600-1384H
Janelia Fluor 549	NB600-1384JF549
Janelia Fluor 646	NB600-1384JF646
PE	NB600-1384PE
PerCP	NB600-1384PCP
mFluor Violet 450 SE	NB600-1384MFV450
mFluor Violet 500 SE	NB600-1384MFV500
mFluor Violet 610 SE	NB600-1384MFV610

Available Formulations

Formulation	Catalog #	Availability	Price
BSA Free	NB600-1384SS

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NB100-1028

AIF-1/Iba1 Antibody

(21 Reviews)

(395 Publications)

0.1 mg

NB100-1028

GM1 effects on brain microglia in vivo, after peripheral administration of LPS. Immunoblot in whole brain lysates and densitometric analysis show LPS-dependent increase in AIF-1/Iba1 expression. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34991625/) licensed under a CC-BY license.

Reactive microglia (green) in peritumoral area of IC injected human glioblastoma cells in mouse brain. NeuN (red), DAPI (blue). Antibody at 1:250. IHC image submitted by a verified customer review.

AIF-1/Iba1 in canine brain. Primary antibody used at 1 ug/mL and incubated with tissue for 30 minutes at room temperature. IHC-P image submitted by a verified customer review.

Staining in mouse brain using AIF-1/Iba1 Antibody. IHC-P image submitted by a verified customer review.

Brown arrow= AIF-1/Iba1 positive cells, Green arrow= mTOR positive cells, Black arrow= mTOR and AIF-1/Iba1 positive cells. IHC-P image submitted by a verified customer review.

Staining in rat hippocampus using AIF-1/Iba1 Antibody. IHC-Fr image submitted by a verified customer review.

Feline optic nerve microglia were immunolabeled with AIF-1/Iba1 Antibody (green), DAPI (blue). Imaging was performed using an epifluorescence microscope. IHC-Fr image submitted by a verified customer review.

Mouse dorsal root ganglia. AIF-1/Iba1 expression in reactive macrophages. Maximum intensity z-projection from 3D images. IHC image submitted by a verified customer review.

Staining in mouse brain using AIF-1/Iba1 Antibody. IHC image submitted by a verified customer review.

Analysis of LPS injected mouse brain tissue, 20 um thickness, frozen. Primary antibody dilution, 1:200. Secondary antibody CY3. Mounted with DAPI mount. Image from verified customer review.

AIF-1/Iba1 staining of AD mouse model (hippocampus). Image from verified customer review.

Negative Control showing staining of paraffin embedded Human Spleen, with no primary antibody.

(0.1ug/ml) staining of Mouse Lymph node lysate (35ug protein in RIPA buffer). Detected by chemiluminescence.

(1ug/ml) staining of Human Frontal Cortex (A) and (0.1ug/ml) Mouse (B) and Rat (C) Brain lysate (35ug protein in RIPA buffer). Detected by chemiluminescence.

(8ug/ml) staining of paraffin embedded Human Spleen. Heat induced antigen retrieval with citrate buffer Ph 6, HRP-staining.

GM1 effects on brain microglia in vivo, after peripheral administration of LPS. C) Immunoblot in whole brain lysates and densitometric analysis show LPS-dependent increase in Iba 1 expression. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34991625), licensed under a CC-BY licence.

CXCR2+neutrophils are not required for microglial activation. a Representative images of Iba1 immunohistochemistry staining in lumbar spinal cord ventral horns of naive control, control EAE, and Cxcr2 cKO EAE mice. Quantitative analysis of Iba1+ cell (b) soma area as shown in a. A total of 2338 Iba1+ cells were included in our analyses of soma size (cont naive, 222 Iba1 cells; control EAE, 1236 Iba1+ cells; Cxcr2 cKO EAE, 880 Iba1+ cells). Control naive, n = 3; control EAE, n = 3; Cxcr2 cKO EAE, n = 3. *p 1.5, FDR-corrected p1.5, FDR-corrected p<0.05) to identify GO terms, including inflammatory response (b). The volcano plot shows significant DEGs derived from the NanoString analysis of the brains of Plcg2 inactivation (PLCG2 inact, n=3) and WT (n=3) mice (1-month male) (c). Immunostaining of microglial markers with IBA1 (green) and P2RY12 (red) and quantification of percent area in brain sections of 1-month-old male WT and PLCG2 inact demonstrate unchanged microglial morphology and area coverage (d). GO gene ontology, BP biological process, DEGs differentially expressed genes, FDR false discovery rate Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35180881), licensed under a CC-BY licence.

Deficiency of HDAC3 in microglia suppresses the cGAS-STING-mediated autoimmune response. (K) Proteins extracted from the ischemic penumbra and contralateral cortex of HDAC3 cKO and WT mice subjected to tMCAO 6 h post-reperfusion were analyzed with antibodies against cGAS, HDAC3, Iba1, and GAPDH. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32863951), licensed under a CC-BY licence.

ADT induced SPINK1 upregulation associates with NE-phenotype in mice and NEPC patients.a Box plots depicting relative expression of SPINK1, SYP, CHGA, TUBB3, and VIM transcripts (read counts) in VCaP tumors implanted orthotopically in orchiectomized mice and subjected to vehicle (n = 4) or anti-androgens [enzalutamide (n = 4) or ARN-509 (n = 4)] treatment for 4 weeks (GSE95413). b Representative images of immunohistochemical staining for the same markers shown in a using VCaP xenograft tumors as described in a. Scale bar represents 100 μm. c Box plots depicting quantification of the immunohistochemical staining in VCaP xenografts for the markers shown in b. d Representative images for immunohistochemical staining of SPINK1, SYP, CHGA, and TUBB3 in 22RV1 xenograft tumors excised from orchiectomized mice treated with enzalutamide (20 mg/kg body weight) or vehicle control (n = 5 each). Intact group represents non-castrated control mice (n = 5). Scale bar represents 50 μm. e Box plots depicting quantification of the immunohistochemical staining in 22RV1 xenografts for the markers shown in d. f Representative images showing H&E staining (×200 magnification) and immunostaining (×200 magnification) for AR, synaptophysin, and SPINK1 in tumor specimens obtained from NEPC patients’, namely WCM12, WCM155 (an organoid), and WCM677. Scale bar represents 100 µm. Data are presented as box-and-whisker plots with median, where the box extends from 25th–75th percentile, and whiskers ranges from minimum and maximum values. For panels a, c, e one-way ANOVA, Dunnett’s multiple-comparisons test was applied. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31959826), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

EBNA1 promotes the upregulation of oxidative DNA damage repair pathways in EBV converted cell lines and EBV positive BLs. a Representative western blots illustrating the expression of MTH1, OGG1, and MUTYH in pairs of EBV-negative and -positive cell lines. GAPDH was used as loading control. b Densitometry quantification of the specific bands. The intensity of the specific band in EBV positive cells relative the EBV-negative parental is shown. Mean ± SE of four independent experiments. c Representative western blots illustrating the expression of EBNA1, MTH1, OGG1, and MUTYH in the Mutu cell lines. d Densitometry quantification of expression in the EBV positive cell lines relative to the EBV-negative Mutu-30. Mean ± SE of four independent experiments Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31511648), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

Rab31 expression levels in stably transfected breast cancer cells. (A) pAb RT3-IgG specifically detects rab31 in cell lysates from stably transfected MDA-MB-231 and CAMA-1 breast cancer cells in Western blot analyses. Vector control, MDA-MB-231, or CAMA-1 cells were stably transfected with the empty vector pRcRSV; batch, parental MDA-MB-231 (low endogenous rab31 expression) or CAMA-1 (no endogenous rab31 expression) cells were stably transfected with the pRcRSV-based rab31 expression vector; high, medium or low, selected cell clones of batch-transfected MDA-MB-231 or CAMA-1 cells with differing high, medium or low protein levels of rab31. (B) Rab31 antigen values (ng/mg of total protein) in rab31-transfected MDA-MB-231 and CAMA-1 cells, determined by rab31-ELISA. Mean values (± SEM) of at least three independent experiments are depicted. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22920728), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

EGFR inhibition downregulates VEGF and HIF-1 in vitro and in vivo.SQ20B cells were seeded at 25% confluence and cultured overnight. The next morning, cells were transfected with 150 nanomoles siRNA (either EGFR SmartPool or control non-targeted) in Optimem transfection medium using Oligofectamine. After 24 hours, the transfection medium was replaced with fresh, prewarmed culture medium. 24 hours after this (48 hours after transfection), cells were exposed to either 21% or 1% oxygen. Three hours later they were harvested and Western blotting was performed. (B) SQ20B cells were treated with 10 nM cetuximab or DMSO (control) for 16 hrs, and then exposed to either 21% or 1% oxygen. Three hours later they were harvested and Western blotting was performed. (C) Nude mice were injected subcutaneously in the flank with SQ20B cells to form xenografts. When the tumors reached a size of 100–150 mm3 (approximately 7–10 days after injection), half the mice (lanes 4–6) were started on an erlotinib-containing diet (50 mg/kg/day). After 4 days of feeding, mice were sacrificed, and the tumors were removed. Half of each tumor was lysed in protein lysis buffer, and Western blotting was performed for pAkt (S473) and HIF-1 alpha . Each lane represents a tumor from a different mouse. (D) The other half of each tumor from (E) was homogenized in PBS, and then ELISA for VEGF was performed. VEGF level was normalized to tumor weights. Data shown represent mean values from 3 control mice and 3 erlotinib-treated mice. Error bars represent standard error of the mean. p value was obtained using Student's t-test. (E) H226 cells were treated with 10 µM erlotinib or DMSO (control) for 16 hrs, and then exposed to either 21% or 1% oxygen. Three hours later they were harvested and Western blotting was performed. (F) H226 cells were seeded then later that day they were treated with erlotinib (10 µM) or DMSO (control). 24 hours later, the media was changed and replaced with media containing 1% serum with or without erlotinib. Cells were exposed to 1% oxygen. 16 hours later, aliquots of supernatant were removed from dishes, and ELISA for VEGF was performed. ELISA values were normalized to the number of cells present. Data shown represent mean values. Error bars represent standard error of the mean. p value was obtained using Student's t-test. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19657384), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

Elevated levels of additional proteins and GM3 ganglioside in the MEC of MPS IIIB brain.Staining performed with antibodies to the indicated substances was observed in the MEC region of 3 month-old MPS IIIB mice (for total ubiquitin and polyubiquitin) and 6 months for all others. Staining was not seen in the MEC region of age-matched control mice (Naglu +/−) nor in the LEC region of MPS IIIB mice (the latter not shown). Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0027461), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

ERK2 utilizes kinase-docking domains to interact with ATG5–ATG12 and LC3-II.(a) Mutations in FRS on ERK2 decrease colocalization of ERK2 with ATG5–ATG12, LC3 and WIPI1. Immunofluorescence (IF) showing colocalization (depicted as white pixels by ‘colocalization finder application’) of WT-ERK2-HA, FRS ERK2 mutants (L198A-, L232A-, L198A/L232A-, Y261A-ERK2-HA) or common docking (CD) mutant (D319N-ERK2-HA) with ATG5–ATG12 (panels 1–6), LC3 (panels 7–12) or WIPI1 (panels 13–18) in EGF-treated NIH/3T3 cells. ERK2 is stained in red, and autophagy proteins are stained in green. Scale bar, 10 μm. The bars represent mean±s.e.m. **P<0.01, ****P<0.0001 compared with WT-ERK2-transfected cells; Student’s t-test, 50 cells analysed from n=2. (b) Mutations in FRS on ERK2 decrease colocalization of ERK2 with nuclear ATG5–ATG12 or LC3. IF showing colocalization (white pixels) of WT-ERK2-HA (red), FRS ERK2 mutants (L198A-, L232A-, L198A/L232A-, Y261A-ERK2-HA) or common docking (CD) mutant (D319N-ERK2-HA) with ATG5–ATG12 (panels 1–6) or LC3-II (panels 7–12) in EGF-treated NIH/3T3 cells. Scale bar, 5 μm. The bars represent mean±s.e.m. **P<0.01, ***P<0.001, ****P<0.0001 compared with WT-ERK2-transfected cells; Student’s t-test, 50 cells analysed from n=2. Arrows depict colocalization. (c) ATG5–ATG12 conjugation is required for ERK phosphorylation. Immunoblots for P-ERK, total ERK and beta -actin in NIH/3T3 cells transfected with WT ATG5 or the conjugation-defective ATG5 K130R mutant and treated with EGF (10 min). The bars represent mean±s.e.m. *P<0.05 compared with WT ATG5-transfected cells; Student’s t-test, n=3. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//www.nature.com/articles/ncomms3799), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

Human tumor microarrays (TMAs).Pilocytic astrocytoma TSPO immunohistochemistry (A) and TSPO immunohistochemical scoring (C). Glioblastoma multiforme TSPO immunohistochemistry (B) and TSPO immunohistochemical scoring (D). Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0141659), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

DNMT1 reveals a SCMC-like cortical localization with aberrant localization in Nlrp2tm1a/tm1a derived oocytes.(A) Whole mount immunofluorescence co-staining with anti-DNMT1 and DAPI on the same Nlrp2M+/Z+ embryos used to stain NLRP2 reveals a SCMC-like cortical localization of DNMT1 with a diffuse nuclear stain in later stage embryos. Scale bar represented is 200 μm. (B) DNMT1 staining in paraffin embedded oocyte sections reveals a less cortical, more cytoplasmic intense stain with nucleolar focus in oocytes from Nlrp2tm1a/tm1a dams compared to oocytes from Nlrp2+/+ dams. (C) Whole mount immunofluorescence for DNMT3A in unfertilized control oocytes reveals a characteristic metaphase associated localization and no difference is noted in oocytes derived from Nlrp2tm1a/tm1adams. (D) Whole mount immunofluorescence in unfertilized oocytes reveals that as expected, DNMT3B is not yet expressed in unfertilized control oocytes and no expression is noted in oocytes derived from Nlrp2tm1a/tm1adams. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//www.nature.com/articles/srep44667), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

Activation of MAPK7 in chondrocytes is essential for hypoxic adaptation and enhancement of HIF1 alpha signaling under hypoxia. a, b Immunofluorescence staining of (a) MAPK7 (b) P-MAPK7 on representative sections of distal femoral growth plates at P1. Scale bar, 200 μm. RZ, resting zone; PZ, proliferative zone; HZ, hypertrophic zone. c Western blot analysis of MAPK7 and p- MAPK7 in primary chondrocytes cultured under hypoxic conditions for 0, 1, 4, 12, or 24 h. d Immunofluorescence staining of SOX9 on representative sections of distal femoral growth plates at P1. Scale bar, 200 μm. e Western blot analysis of SOX9, COL2A1, MAPK7, HIF1 alpha , and VEGFA in CON and Mapk7 CKO chondrocytes cultured under normoxic or hypoxic conditions for 48 h. f Western blot analysis of SOX9, COL2A1, MAPK7, p-MAPK7, HIF1 alpha , and VEGFA protein levels in XMD8-92- or DMSO-treated primary chondrocytes cultured under normoxic or hypoxic conditions. Primary chondrocytes harvested from wild-type mouse knees were cultured in the presence of 5 μM XMD8-92 or an equal amount of DMSO under normoxia for 3 h, followed by normoxia or hypoxia for 48 h. XMD, XMD8-92. g, h mRNA levels of (g) Sox9 and (h) Col2a1 in CON and Mapk7 CKO chondrocytes cultured under normoxia or hypoxia were measured by real-time quantitative PCR (n = 3). *P < 0.05 (one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s post hoc test). Data are presented as mean ± SD. i Immunofluorescence staining of HIF1 alpha on representative proximal tibial growth plate sections from P1 mice. Scale bar, 200 μm. j mRNA levels of Hif1a and its known target genes were measured in growth plate cartilage from P1 Mapk7 CKO mice by real-time quantitative PCR. k HIF1 alpha activity in CON and Mapk7 CKO chondrocytes cultured under normoxia or hypoxia, as evaluated by HIF1 alpha -responsive element luciferase reporter (HRE-luc) assay (n = 5). *P < 0.05 (one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s post hoc test). Data are presented as mean ± SD. l mRNA level of hif1a in CON and Mapk7 CKO chondrocytes cultured under normoxia or hypoxia were measured by real-time quantitative PCR (n = 3). *P < 0.05 (one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s post hoc test). Data are presented as mean ± SD. m Free ATP levels in CON and Mapk7 CKO chondrocytes cultured under normoxic or hypoxic conditions (n = 4). *P < 0.05 (one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s post hoc test). Data are presented as mean ± SD. n Primary chondrocytes were transfected with WT-MAPK7 or DN-MAPK7 expression vector in the presence of CA-MEK5 expression vector. Cells were harvested 48 h after transfection and protein levels of HIF1 alpha , MAPK7 and p-MAPK7 were assayed by western blot Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32944217), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

TRF2 transcriptionally regulates p21 expression through promoter occupancy. (A) Quantitative ChIP using TRF2 antibody gives enriched binding of TRF2 on p21 promoter in HT1080 and MDA-MB-231 cells, IgG was used as isotypic antibody control; normalized with 10% input (data represented as mean ± SEM, for three replicates). (B,C) TRF2 represses p21 promoter activity. In luciferase assay, si-RNA-mediated silencing or TRF2 over expression resulted in increased (B, *p value < 0.05, Student’s t-test; data represented as mean ± SEM of three replicates) or reduction (C, *p value < 0.05, Student’s t-test; data represented as mean ± SEM of three replicates) in p21 promoter activity in HT1080 and MDA-MB-231 cells, respectively; over expression of TRF2 devoid of DNA binding [deletion of basic (delB), myb (delM) and both basic/myb (delB-delM) domains] resulted in partial or complete rescue of p21 promoter activity in HT1080 and MDA-MB-231 cells (data represented as mean ± SEM, for three replicates) (C). (D,E) HT1080 cells over expressing TRF2 show reduced p21 protein expression, bar graph shows the densitometry analysis of three different immunoblot replicates (*p value < 0.05, Student’s t-test; data represented as mean ± SEM of three replicates). (E) (Full images are shown in Supplementary Figure S5); TRF2 silencing results in increase in p21 protein, bar graph shows the densitometry analysis of three different immunoblots (*p value < 0.05, Student’s t-test; data represented as mean ± SEM of three replicates) (F); and mRNA expression in HT1080 cells (*p value < 0.05, Student’s t-test; data represented as mean ± SEM of three replicates, GAPDH used as internal control for real-time PCR). Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//www.nature.com/articles/s41598-017-11177-1), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

Reactivity:

Hu, Mu, Rt, Ca, Fe, Po

Species Glossary

Reactivity: Hu, Mu, Rt, Ca, Fe, Po

Applications:

, , , , , ,

Applications: , , , , , ,

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Goat Polyclonal

Host: Goat Polyclonal

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Sample Size Available

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AF835

Caspase-3 Antibody [Unconjugated] - Active

(7 Reviews)

(382 Publications)

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AF835

Caspase‑3 was detected in immersion fixed anti-FAS treated Jurkat human acute T cell leukemia cell line using 0.3 µg/mL Human/Mouse Active Caspase‑3 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF835) for 3 hours at room temperature. Cells were stained (red) and counterstained (green). View our protocol for Fluorescent ICC Staining of Cells on Coverslips.

Caspase‑3 was detected in immersion fixed Jurkat human acute T cell leukemia cell line stimulated with staurosporin using Human/Mouse Active Caspase‑3 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF835) at 10 µg/mL for 3 hours at room temperature. Cells were stained using the NorthernLights™ 557-conjugated Anti-Rabbit IgG Secondary Antibody (yellow; Catalog # NL004) and counterstained with DAPI (blue). View our protocol for Fluorescent ICC Staining of Cells on Coverslips.

Caspase‑3 was detected in immersion fixed paraffin-embedded sections of human colon cancer tissue using Rabbit Anti-Human/Mouse Active Caspase‑3 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF835) at 1 µg/mL for 1 hour at room temperature followed by incubation with the Anti-Rabbit IgG VisUCyte™ HRP Polymer Antibody (Catalog # VC003). Before incubation with the primary antibody, tissue was subjected to heat-induced epitope retrieval using Antigen Retrieval Reagent-Basic (Catalog # CTS013). Tissue was stained using DAB (brown) and counterstained with hematoxylin (blue). Specific staining was localized to cytoplasm. View our protocol for IHC Staining with VisUCyte HRP Polymer Detection Reagents.

Representative sections of the medial side of right tibial epiphysis stained with/without caspase-3. Sections stained with caspase-3 antibody at four different time points (DH: A, C, E and G; BS2: B, D, F and H); a higher magnification (I); the growth plate (J) and fibrocartilage of anterior cruciate ligament (K) show caspase-3 positive cells (red cytoplasmic staining; arrow). A negative control section is shown in (L). Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/14/9/17729), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

Immunohistochemical staining for caspase 3 on surgically transected tumours. A) Epo-treated tumour 24 hours after surgery. B) Placebo-treated tumour 24 hours after surgery. C) Placebo-treated tumour 48 hours after surgery Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//bmccancer.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2407-14-648), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

LPS challenge induces cell shedding from small intestinal villi. C57 BL/6 mice were administered either (a) PBS (control) or (b) LPS by IP injection and proximal small intestines removed after 1.5 h. Processed tissue was sectioned and stained by immunohistochemistry for CC3 (i.e. brown cells indicate shedding event), also highlighted by arrows. A representative picture for each group is shown (12 mice per group, two independent experiments). Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28123052), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

The cytoprotective effect of B. breve is MyD88 dependent. (a,b) IEC MyD88+/+ mice and (c,d) IEC MyD88−/− mice were gavaged with PBS (control) or B. breve UCC2003 and challenged with LPS. Paraffin-embedded intestinal sections were stained with anti-CC3 and quantified using the WinCrypts and Score programs. (e) Columns shown TLR2 expression via RT-PCR. Data are mean ± s.d., n = 12 (two independent experiments) analysed with Mann–Whitney U-test. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28123052), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003 protects against LPS-induced cell shedding. C57 BL/6 mice received three daily oral gavage doses of (a) PBS or (b) approximately 1 × 109B. breve UCC2003 followed by IP challenge with LPS 24 h later. Representative images are shown. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded intestinal sections were sectioned and stained with anti-CC3 and (c) quantified using the WinCrypts and Score programs, 20 well-orientated hemi-villi were counted per mouse. Data are mean ± s.d., n = 12 (two independent experiments) analysed with a Mann–Whitney U-test. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28123052), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

Genetic deletion of Bax prevents mutant LRRK2 induced neuronal death. Primary embryonic cortical neurons are derived from WT mice or mice lacking the pro-apoptotic protein Bax, and transiently transfected with GFP-tagged WT or mutant LRRK2 (R1441C, G2019S). (a) A representative image showing typical morphological features of apoptotic neurons expressing mutant LRRK2; that are positive for active caspase-3 (casp3) and display condensed and fragmented nuclei. (b) Quantification of apoptotic neuronal death (apoptotic nuclear profiles, “apo”; and active caspase-3 positive neurons, “casp3”) from cultures depicted in (a); **p < 0.01 in comparison to WT transfected neurons. (c) Primary neurons were prepared from WT mice or mice deficient in Bax, and treated with the topoisomerase I inhibitor camptothecin (“cam”, 5 μM, 18 hr), or doxorubicin (“doxo”, 10 ng/ml, 36 hr). Cells were fixed and processed for apoptotic nuclear counts. (d) Primary cortical neurons were prepared from WT mice or mice deficient in Bax, and transiently transfected with WT, R1441C, or G2019S LRRK2. As before, the cultures were fixed and the percentage of LRRK2-positive neurons that displayed apoptotic nuclear features was determined. The absence of Bax significantly protected neurons from death induced by mutant LRRK2. ***p < 0.001 compared to WT neurons expressing R1441C- or G2019S-LRRK2. Each data point represents the mean +/− SEM from 3–4 independent transfections from a representative culture. Cultures were repeated at least 3 times with similar differences. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29472595), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

Hepatocyte ARNT deletion alters fibrotic and apoptotic gene expression in the TAA model of fibrosis.Results for FC are shown in black columns and LARNT in white columns. Results are expressed relative to FC level. (A) Messenger RNA expression of ARNT and collagen isotypes. (B) Expression of genes regulating fibrosis in FC and LARNT mice. (C) F4/80 and inflammatory cytokine expression in FC and LARNT mice. (D) Apoptotic gene expression in FC and LARNT mice. (E) Representative histology of FC liver stained with anti-Caspase 3 at 100X magnification. (F) Representative histology of LARNT liver stained with anti-Caspase 3 at 100X magnification. (G) Average Caspase 3 positive cell counts per field of view at 100 X magnification. Mean±SEM, * = p<0.05 ** = p<0.01, *** = p<0.001. N = 5-6/group. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0121650), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

p140Cap expression is causative in limiting tumour growth in NeuT mice.(a) Expression cassette used for the generation of MMTV-p140Cap transgenic mice. The Myc epitope is inserted at the carboxyterminal region of the protein. (b) Extracts of tumours derived from NeuT mice (a,b) or p140-NeuT mice (c,d) were run on 6% SDS–PAGE and stained with antibodies to p140Cap, ERBB2 and tubulin for loading control. (c) Percentage of tumour free mice in NeuT (red line) and p140-NeuT (blue-dashed line) transgenic animals in both FVB (left) or BALB/c background (right). Twelve mice were analysed for each group. Fisher's exact test, Two sided, P=0,0022; P=0,0056. Error bar: s.e.m. (d) Total tumour burden in NeuT (red) and p140-NeuT (blue) mice in both the FVB (left) or BALB/c backgrounds (right) was measured. Ten mice were analysed in each group. Unpaired t test: (*P<0.05; ***P<0.001). Error bar: s.e.m. (e) Paraffin-embedded sections from three NeuT and three p140-NeuT tumours taken from mice at 33 weeks of age were analysed for hematoxylin–eosin (H&E) (a–d) and for immunohistochemistry with antibodies to NeuT (e–h), PCNA (i–l) and activated Caspase3 (m–p). Representative images are shown. Scale bar, 50 μm (first and third columns); 20μm (second and fourth columns). Histograms on the right show the percentage of PCNA+ (upper panel) and Activated Caspase3+ (lower panel) cells. Statistical significative differences were evaluated using unpaired t-tests (***P<0.001). Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//www.nature.com/articles/ncomms14797), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

Microglia-derived TNF-alpha alleviates aberrant neurogenesis.(a) qRT-PCR analyses of Tnf-alpha levels in the DG of WT and TLR9 KO mice at the indicated time points after seizure. Experimental controls were KA-untreated WT and TLR9 KO mice, respectively (n=3 animals). *P<0.05 by analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Tukey post-hoc tests. (b) Experimental scheme for assessing aNS/PC proliferation in microglia culture-derived CM pretreated with TNF-alpha -neutralizing antibody or IgG control. (c) Representative images of EdU (red), active caspase3 (green) and Hoechst (blue) staining in aNS/PCs cultured with the indicated CM from microglia (n=4 experiments). Scale bar, 50 μm. (d) Quantification of EdU+ or active caspase3+ cells in c (n=4 experiments). (e) Experimental timeline for assessing aNS/PC proliferation in thalidomide (Thal)-treated mice. (f) Representative images of BrdU+DCX+ newly generated immature neurons in the DG (n=4 animals). Scale bar, 50 μm. (g,h) Quantification of the number of BrdU+DCX+ cells in f, in the DG (g) and in the hilus (h) (n=4 animals). *P<0.05 and **P<0.01 by ANOVA with Tukey post-hoc tests. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25751136), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

Double immunofluorescent staining of FSGS kidneys to Ki-67, alpha -tubulin and DAPI or double immunofluorescent staining to caspase-3 and DAPI. A. FSGS kidneys: cysts with simple squamous epithelium (CS) filled with colloid content, interstitium (i) and collecting tubules (ct) contain Ki-67-positive cells (arrows)(square). B. alpha -tubulin visualizes short cilia (arrows) in the cysts and extremely long cilia in collecting tubules (arrows)(square). C. Nuclear DAPI stain. D. Merging of A + B + C shows relationships between proliferating cells (green) and cilia (red). Immunostaining to Ki-67, alpha -tubulin and DAPI; scale bar 10 μm. E. Distribution of Ki-67 positive cells (%) in CNF and FSGS nephrotic syndrome. Cysts of proximal tubules with simple squamous epithelium (CS) or simple cuboidal epithelium (CC), proximal tubules with apparently normal simple cuboidal/columnar epithelium (PTNC). Data are shown as mean ± SD. Significant differences (Kruskal–Wallis) indicated by ***p < 0.0001. F. FSGS kidneys: caspase-3-positive apoptotic cells (arrows) in proximal tubules (PTNC) and interstitium (i). G. Nuclear DAPI stain. H. Merging of F + G shows green caspase-3- positive apoptotic nuclei and blue non-apoptotic nuclei. Immunostaining to caspase-3 and DAPI, scale bar 10 μm. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//bmcnephrol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2369-15-3), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

Epidermis-specific deletion of Rac1 increases UV-light-induced keratinocyte apoptosis in vivo. (a) H/E staining of UV-irradiated skin of Rac1 fl/fl and Rac1-EKO mice at 12 h after UV-irradiation. Black arrows indicate sunburn cells. (b) Graph shows the percentage number of sunburn cells at 12 h with (red bars) or without (blue bars) UV-irradiation in Rac1 fl/fl (n=4) and Rac1-EKO (n=5) mice. The percentage of sunburn cells within the epidermis after UV-irradiation in Rac1 fl/fl mice was 3.4%, whereas in Rac1-EKO mice it was 8.6% of total epidermal keratinocytes. Non-irradiated samples showed <1% sunburn cells in both the genotypes. (c) Immunostainings against cleaved caspase-3 (green) of UV-irradiated skin of Rac1 fl/fl and Rac1-EKO mice at 12 h after UV-irradiation. Nuclei are stained in blue. Scale bar=100 μm. (d) Western blot analysis of cleaved caspase-3 from epidermal lysates of untreated (no UV) and UV-light treated (UV) Rac1 fl/fl and Rac1-EKO mice. Non-irradiated controls showed no bands for cleaved capsase-3, whereas samples of irradiated epidermis showed cleaved caspase-3-specific bands at ~25 kDa and 23 kDa. Numbers on the left denote molecular weights in kDa. (e) Graph shows densitometry analysis of western blot in (d). Error bars show S.D. Asterisks show P-value<0.001 Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28277539), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

DNA damage has an important role in increased UV-light-induced keratinocyte apoptosis in Rac1-EKO epidermis in vivo. (a and c) H/E stainings and immunostainings against cleaved caspase-3 (green) of UV-irradiated skin of CPDPL/Rac1-EKO mice kept in the dark and under the photoreactivation lamp. Nuclei are stained in blue. Dashed line in c demarcates border between epidermis and dermis. Scale bar=100 μm. (e) Western blot analysis of cleaved caspase-3 from epidermal lysates of UV-irradiated CPDPL/Rac1-EKO mice kept in the dark and under the photoreactivation lamp. GAPDH was used as a loading control. Numbers on the left denote molecular weight in kDa. (b,d, and f) Graphs show quantification of sunburn cells (n=5, 4) (b), cleaved caspase-3 positive cells (n=9, 8) (d) and densitometric analysis of cleaved caspase-3 western blots (n=4, 6) (f) from UV-irradiated CPDPL/Rac1-EKO mice kept in the dark (black bars) and under the photoreactivation (PR) lamp (gray bars). Error bars show S.D. Asterisks show P-value. **<0.01, ***<0.001 Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28277539), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

Smad1 deletion reduces oxidative stress and apoptosis following stroke.(A) Fluorescent images and quantification of in vivo HEt assay reflecting ROS levels on the ipsilateral hemisphere at 7 days post-stroke. The extent of oxidized nucleotides was measured by IHC for 8-oxo-dG levels at 24 h post-stroke. (B) IHC and quantification of activated Caspase 3 (aCasp3) and p53 on ipsilateral hemisphere at 7 days post-stroke. n = 3 for HEt, 8-oxo-dG, aCasp3, n = 4 for p53, unpaired Student’s t-test, *p<0.05; ***p<0.001. Scale, 50 μm. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0136967), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

Effects of IGF-1 or/and PDGF-bb on IL-1 beta -induced NF-kappa B-dependent pro-inflammatory, pro-apoptotic and matrix degrading gene products in chondrocytes.To determine whether IGF-1 or/and PDGF-bbexert effects on IL-1 beta -induced NF-kappa B-dependent expression of pro-inflammatory, pro-apoptotic and matrix degrading gene products, primary chondrocytes were either stimulated with 10 ng/ml IL-1 beta , 10 ng/ml PDGF-bb, 10 ng/ml IGF-1 or combination of both growth factors (5 ng/ml each) or pre-stimulated for 12 h with 10 ng/ml PDGF-bb, 10 ng/ml IGF-1 or combination of both growth factors (5 ng/ml each) followed by 10 ng/ml IL-1 beta for 24. Equal amounts of total proteins were separated by SDS-PAGE and analyzed by immunoblotting using antibodies raised against COX-2, MMP-9 and MMP-13 and active caspase-3. Stimulation with IL-1 beta resulted in production of COX-2, MMP-9, MMP-13 and caspase-3 cleavage. Pre-treatment with a combination of both IGF-1 or/and PDGF-bb downregulated COX-2, MMP-9, MMP-13 and cleaved caspase-3. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0028663), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

Reactivity:

Hu, Mu

Species Glossary

Reactivity: Hu, Mu

Applications:

,

Applications: ,

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Rabbit Polyclonal

Host: Rabbit Polyclonal

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Sample Size Available

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Unconjugated

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Formulation	Catalog #	Availability	Price
Carrier Free	AF835-SP

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At	=	A. thaliana	SyHa	=	Golden Syrian Hamster
All	=	All Species	Ha	=	Hamster
An	=	Animal	Hu	=	Human
ArHa	=	Armenian Hamster	I	=	Insect
Av	=	Avian	Ll	=	Llama
Bb	=	Baboon	Ma	=	Mammal
Ba	=	Bacteria	Mk	=	Monkey
Bv	=	Bovine	Mu	=	Mouse
Ca	=	Canine	Multi	=	Multi-species
Ce	=	C. Elegans	NA	=	Non-species specific
Ch	=	Chicken	Or	=	Orangutan
ChHa	=	Chinese Hamster	Pl	=	Plant
Cm	=	Cynomolgus Monkey	Pm	=	Primate
Do	=	Donkey	Po	=	Porcine
Dr	=	Drosophilia	Rb	=	Rabbit
Ec	=	E. Coli	Rt	=	Rat
Eq	=	Equine	RM	=	Rhesus Macaque
Fe	=	Feline	Sh	=	Sheep
Ft	=	Ferret	Vb	=	Vertebrate
Fi	=	Fish	Vi	=	Virus
Fu	=	Fungi	Xp	=	Xenopus
Ge	=	Gerbil	Ye	=	Yeast
GP	=	Guinea Pig	Ze	=	Zebrafish
Gt	=	Goat

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LC3B Antibody - BSA Free

HIF-2 alpha/EPAS1 Antibody - BSA Free

53BP1 Antibody - BSA Free

Goat IgG Isotype Control [Unconjugated]

IL-1 beta/IL-1F2 Antibody [Unconjugated]

HIF-1 alpha Antibody - BSA Free

CD31/PECAM-1 Antibody [Unconjugated]

SOX17 Antibody [Unconjugated]

ABCA1 Antibody - BSA Free

LC3B Antibody - BSA Free

AIF-1/Iba1 Antibody

Caspase-3 Antibody [Unconjugated] - Active