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TRF-2 Antibody (4A794.15) [Alexa Fluor® 594]

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Product Details

Summary
Reactivity Hu, Mu, Rt, Ma, MarSpecies Glossary
Applications WB, Simple Western, ELISA, Flow, Func, ICC/IF, IHC, IP, WB, ChIP, CyTOF-ready
Clone
4A794.15
Clonality
Monoclonal
Host
Mouse
Conjugate
Alexa Fluor 594

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TRF-2 Antibody (4A794.15) [Alexa Fluor® 594] Summary

Immunogen
This TRF-2 Antibody (4A794.15) [Alexa Fluor 594] was developed against Baculovirus expressed whole length TRF2 protein, used for immunizing mice and splenocytes used to generate the hybridoma clone (NP_005643).
Specificity
The TRF2 antibody recognizes full-length TRF2 as well as TRF2 forms lacking both the N-terminal basic domain (B) and the telobox Myb-like C-terminal DNA-binding domain (M). TRF2 forms missing the B and M domains are often referred to as mutant TRF2. Although the exact epitope recognized by the TRF2 antibody has not been mapped, the scientific literature indicates it is in the D or L domain, but not in the B or M domain.
Isotype
IgG1 Kappa
Clonality
Monoclonal
Host
Mouse
Gene
TERF2
Purity
Protein G purified
Innovator's Reward
Test in a species/application not listed above to receive a full credit towards a future purchase.

Applications/Dilutions

Dilutions
  • Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP)
  • CyTOF-ready
  • ELISA
  • Flow Cytometry
  • Immunoblotting
  • Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence
  • Immunohistochemistry
  • Immunohistochemistry-Frozen
  • Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin
  • Immunoprecipitation
  • Proximity Ligation Assay
  • Simple Western
  • Western Blot
Application Notes
Optimal dilution of this antibody should be experimentally determined.
Theoretical MW
59.6 kDa.
Disclaimer note: The observed molecular weight of the protein may vary from the listed predicted molecular weight due to post translational modifications, post translation cleavages, relative charges, and other experimental factors.

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

Storage
Store at 4C in the dark.
Buffer
50mM Sodium Borate
Preservative
0.05% Sodium Azide
Purity
Protein G purified

Notes



Alexa Fluor (R) products are provided under an intellectual property license from Life Technologies Corporation. The purchase of this product conveys to the buyer the non-transferable right to use the purchased product and components of the product only in research conducted by the buyer (whether the buyer is an academic or for-profit entity). The sale of this product is expressly conditioned on the buyer not using the product or its components, or any materials made using the product or its components, in any activity to generate revenue, which may include, but is not limited to use of the product or its components: (i) in manufacturing; (ii) to provide a service, information, or data in return for payment; (iii) for therapeutic, diagnostic or prophylactic purposes; or (iv) for resale, regardless of whether they are resold for use in research. For information on purchasing a license to this product for purposes other than as described above, contact Life Technologies Corporation, 5791 Van Allen Way, Carlsbad, CA 92008 USA or outlicensing@lifetech.com. This conjugate is made on demand. Actual recovery may vary from the stated volume of this product. The volume will be greater than or equal to the unit size stated on the datasheet.

Alternate Names for TRF-2 Antibody (4A794.15) [Alexa Fluor® 594]

  • Telomeric DNA-binding protein
  • telomeric repeat binding factor 2
  • Telomeric repeat binding protein 2
  • telomeric repeat-binding factor 2
  • TERF2
  • TRBF2
  • TRF2
  • TRF-2
  • TTAGGG repeat binding factor 2
  • TTAGGG repeat-binding factor 2

Background

Originally discovered as part of shelterin complex, telomeric repeat-binding factor 2 (TRF2, also called TERF2 or TRB2) is a ubiquitously expressed nuclear protein (55-60 kDa) involved in telomere homeostasis. TRF2 contains an N-terminal GAR domain, a central TRFH dimerization domain, and a C-terminal SAND/MYB-type DNA binding domain. Trf2 RNA has 10 exons and alternative splicing in rodents produces a truncated form, TRF2-S, which lacks the DNA binding domain and nuclear localization signal (NLS) (1).

Both TRF2 and TRF1 bind to telomeric double stranded 5'-TTAGGG-3' DNA repeats, then recruit RAP1, TIN2, TPP1, and POT1 for the assembly of the shelterin complex. The telomeric association of TRF2 is greatly increased in the S phase of the cell cycle (2). Loss of TRF2 leads to telomere shortening, the DNA damage response, chromosomal instability, and replicative senescence. Interestingly, the contribution of TRF2 to telomere shortening via a telomerase-independent mechanism has also been reported (3). In conjunction with the exonuclease, Apollo, TRF2 protects telomeres during replication and negatively regulates the accumulation of DNA topoisomerase (TOP1, TOP2A and TOP2B).

TRF2 has been implicated in cancer, shown to be a major oncogene in telomerase-deficient mice. A link to Werner syndrome, a premature aging disease caused by the loss of WRN, has been reported based on TRF2 recruitment of WRN for processing of telomeric DNA (4). TRF2 expression is increased during human embryonic stem cell differentiation and has been shown to interact with Repressor Element-1 Silencing Transcription Factor (REST), protecting it from proteasomal degradation (5).

References

1. Grammatikakis, I., Zhang, P., Mattson, M. P., & Gorospe, M. (2016). The long and the short of TRF2 in neurogenesis. Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.), 15(22), 3026-3032. PMID: 27565210

2. Li, F., Kim, H., Ji, Z., Zhang, T., Chen, B., Ge, Y., Hu, Y., Feng, X., Han, X., Xu, H., Zhang, Y., Yu, H., Liu, D., Ma, W., & Songyang, Z. (2018). The BUB3-BUB1 Complex Promotes Telomere DNA Replication. Molecular cell, 70(3), 395-407. PMID: 29727616

3. Ancelin, K., Brunori, M., Bauwens, S., Koering, C. E., Brun, C., Ricoul, M., Pommier, J. P., Sabatier, L., & Gilson, E. (2002). Targeting assay to study the cis functions of human telomeric proteins: evidence for inhibition of telomerase by TRF1 and for activation of telomere degradation by TRF2. Molecular and cellular biology, 22(10), 3474-3487. PMID: 11971978

4. Machwe A, Xiao L, & Orren DK. (2004) TRF2 recruits the Werner syndrome (WRN) exonuclease for processing of telomeric DNA. Oncogene. 23(1):149-56. PMID: 14712220.

5. Diotti, R., & Loayza, D. (2011). Shelterin complex and associated factors at human telomeres. Nucleus (Austin, Tex.), 2(2), 119-135. PMID: 21738835

Limitations

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.

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Product General Protocols

Video Protocols

WB Video Protocol
ICC/IF Video Protocol

FAQs for TRF-2 Antibody (NB100-56506AF594). (Showing 1 - 3 of 3 FAQ).

  1. Are the TRF-2 antibodies validated in Simple Western?
    • Yes, we offer a 2 TRF-2 antibodies that have been tested in Simple Western: NB100-56506 and NB110-57130.
  2. Does TRF-2 antibodies comes in lyophilized form?
    • we carry 2 TERF2/TRBF2 antibodies in lyophilized form: AF5635, MAB5635.
  3. What the theoretical molecular weight for TRF-2 antibodies?
    • The TMW of TRF-2 antibodies is approximately 55 - 56 kDa.

Secondary Antibodies

 

Isotype Controls

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Research Areas for TRF-2 Antibody (NB100-56506AF594)

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Blogs on TRF-2.

Application Highlight: Recent uses of TERF2 in immunofluorescence (IF)
Telomeres are a region of repeat nucleotide sequences located at the end of chromosomes to protect our DNA from becoming damaged via end-to-end fusion.  TERF2, or telomeric-repeat binding factor 2, is important for telomere integrity and aids in th...  Read full blog post.

TRF2: Telomere Maintenance and Protection
TRF2 (telomeric repeat-binding factor 2) is a homodimeric protein that binds the double-stranded 5'-TTAGGG-3' repeat in telomeres. It plays a critical role in the maintenance of telomeres, protecting telomeres against end-to-end chromosomal fusion, an...  Read full blog post.

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Bioinformatics

Gene Symbol TERF2