ST2/IL-33R Antibody [Unconjugated]

This product is produced by and ships from R&D Systems, Inc., a Bio-Techne brand.

ST2, also known as IL-33R, IL-1 R4 and T1, is an Interleukin-1 receptor family glycoprotein that contributes to Th2 immune responses (1, 2). Human ST2 consists of a 310 amino acid (aa) extracellular domain (ECD) with three Ig-like domains, a 21 aa transmembrane segment, and a 207 aa cytoplasmic domain with an intracellular TIR domain (3, 4). Alternate splicing of the 120 kDa human ST2 generates a soluble 60 kDa isoform that lacks the transmembrane and cytoplasmic regions as well as an isoform that additionally lacks the third Ig‑like domain (4). Within the ECD, human ST2 shares 68% and 64% aa sequence identity with mouse and rat ST2, respectively. ST2 is expressed on the surface of mast cells, activated Th2 cells, macrophages, and cardiac myocytes (5‑8). It binds IL-33, a cytokine that is upregulated by inflammation or mechanical strain in smooth muscle cells, airway epithelia, keratinocytes, and cardiac fibroblasts (5, 9). IL-33 binding induces the association of ST2 with IL-1R AcP, a shared signaling subunit that also associates with IL-1 RI and IL-1 R rp2 (1, 10, 11). In macrophages, ST2 interferes with signaling from IL-1 RI and TLR4 by sequestering the adaptor proteins MyD88 and Mal (7). In addition to its role in promoting mast cell and Th2 dependent inflammation, ST2 activation enhances antigen induced hypernociception and protects from atherosclerosis and cardiac hypertrophy (5, 12‑14). The soluble ST2 isoform is released by activated Th2 cells and strained cardiac myocytes and is elevated in the serum in allergic asthma (6, 8, 15). Soluble ST2 functions as a decoy receptor that blocks IL‑33's ability to signal through transmembrane ST2 (10, 13‑15).

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.

We have publications tested in 2 confirmed species: Human, Mouse.

We have publications tested in 5 applications: Cell Culture, IHC-Fr, IHC-P, Neutralization, Western Blot.

Showing Publications 1 - 10 of 19. Show All 19 Publications. Collapse Publications.

Publications using AF523	Applications	Species
Wen-jia Lei, Fan Zhang, Yi-kai Lin, Meng-die Li, Fan Pan, Kang Sun et al. IL-33/ST2 axis of human amnion fibroblasts participates in inflammatory reactions at parturition Molecular Medicine 7/4/2023 [PMID: 37403020]
KE Stephenson, J Porte, A Kelly, WA Wallace, CE Huntington, CL Overed-Say, ES Cohen, RG Jenkins, AE John The IL-33:ST2 axis is unlikely to play a central fibrogenic role in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis Respiratory Research, 2023-03-23;24(1):89. 3/23/2023 [PMID: 36949463]
CS Indralinga, AK Gutierrez-, SC Johns, T Tsui, DT Cannon, MM Fuster, TD Bigby, PA Jennings, EC Breen IL-33/ST2 receptor-dependent signaling in the development of pulmonary hypertension in Sugen/hypoxia mice Physiological Reports, 2022-02-01;10(3):e15185. 2022-02-01 [PMID: 35150208] (Western Blot, Mouse)	Western Blot	Mouse
Federico Perez, Carolina N. Ruera, Emanuel Miculan, Paula Carasi, Karen Dubois-Camacho, Laura Garbi et al. IL-33 Alarmin and Its Active Proinflammatory Fragments Are Released in Small Intestine in Celiac Disease Frontiers in Immunology 2020-10-08 [PMID: 33133101]
S Yangngam, S Thongchot, A Pongpaibul, K Vaeteewoot, S Pinlaor, P Thuwajit, S Okada, MA Hermoso, C Thuwajit High level of interleukin-33 in cancer cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts correlates with good prognosis and suppressed migration in cholangiocarcinoma J Cancer, 2020-09-23;11(22):6571-6581. 2020-09-23 [PMID: 33046978] (Western Blot, Human)	Western Blot	Human
Q Zhou, X Wu, X Wang, Z Yu, T Pan, Z Li, X Chang, Z Jin, J Li, Z Zhu, B Liu, L Su The reciprocal interaction between tumor cells and activated fibroblasts mediated by TNF-alpha/IL-33/ST2L signaling promotes gastric cancer metastasis Oncogene, 2019-10-28;0(0):. 2019-10-28 [PMID: 31659258] (Cell Culture, Human)	Cell Culture	Human
Glauben Landskron, Marjorie De la Fuente López, Karen Dubois-Camacho, David Díaz-Jiménez, Octavio Orellana-Serradell, Diego Romero et al. Interleukin 33/ST2 Axis Components Are Associated to Desmoplasia, a Metastasis-Related Factor in Colorectal Cancer Frontiers in Immunology 2019-06-21 [PMID: 31281317]
N Schaunaman, A Sanchez, KG Dimasuay, N Pavelka, M Numata, R Alam, RJ Martin, HW Chu Interleukin 1 Receptor-Like 1 (IL1RL1) Promotes Airway Bacterial and Viral Infection and Inflammation Infect. Immun., 2019-06-20;87(7):. 2019-06-20 [PMID: 31061143] (Western Blot, Human)	Western Blot	Human
Hong Chen, Xiaobo Zhou, Ting-Li Han, Philip N. Baker, Hongbo Qi, Hua Zhang Decreased IL-33 Production Contributes to Trophoblast Cell Dysfunction in Pregnancies with Preeclampsia Mediators of Inflammation 2018-03-15 [PMID: 29736154]
WI Ryu, H Lee, HC Bae, J Jeon, HJ Ryu, J Kim, JH Kim, JW Son, J Kim, Y Imai, K Yamanishi, SH Jeong, SW Son IL-33 down-regulates CLDN1 expression through the ERK/STAT3 pathway in keratinocytes J. Dermatol. Sci., 2018-03-02;0(0):. 2018-03-02 [PMID: 29534857] (Western Blot, Human)	Western Blot	Human
Tanabe T, Shimokawaji T, Kanoh S, Rubin B IL-33 stimulates CXCL8/IL-8 secretion in goblet cells but not normally differentiated airway cells. Clin Exp Allergy, 2014-04-01;44(4):540-52. 2014-04-01 [PMID: 24479526] (Western Blot, Human)	Western Blot	Human
Southcombe J, Ledee N, Perrier d'Hauterive S, Turner K, Child T, Snider J, Redman C, Sargent I, Granne I Detection of soluble ST2 in human follicular fluid and luteinized granulosa cells. PLoS ONE, 2013-09-10;8(9):e74385. 2013-09-10 [PMID: 24040238] (Western Blot, Human)	Western Blot	Human
Jürgen Pollheimer, Johanna Bodin, Olav Sundnes, Reidunn J. Edelmann, Sigrid S. Skånland, Jon Sponheim et al. Interleukin-33 Drives a Proinflammatory Endothelial Activation That Selectively Targets Nonquiescent Cells Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology 2013-02-01 [PMID: 23162017]
Granne I, Southcombe JH, Snider JV ST2 and IL-33 in pregnancy and pre-eclampsia. PLoS ONE, 2011-09-16;6(9):e24463. 2011-09-16 [PMID: 21949719] (IHC-P, Human)	IHC-P	Human
Hong YS, Moon SJ, Moon S, Joo YB, Joo Y, Jeon CH, Jeon C, Cho ML, Ju JH, Oh HJ, Heo YJ, Heo Y, Park SH, Kim HY, Min JK Measurement of interleukin-33 (IL-33) and IL-33 receptors (sST2 and ST2L) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. J Korean Med Sci, 2011-09-01;26(9):1132-9. 2011-09-01 [PMID: 21935266] (IHC-P, Human)	IHC-P	Human
Nishida A, Andoh A, Imaeda H, Inatomi O, Shiomi H, Fujiyama Y Expression of interleukin 1-like cytokine interleukin 33 and its receptor complex (ST2L and IL1RAcP) in human pancreatic myofibroblasts. Gut, 2009-12-08;59(4):531-41. 2009-12-08 [PMID: 19996325] (Western Blot, Human)	Western Blot	Human
Cherry WB, Yoon J, Bartemes KR, Iijima K, Kita H A novel IL-1 family cytokine, IL-33, potently activates human eosinophils. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol., 2008-06-01;121(6):1484-90. 2008-06-01 [PMID: 18539196] (Neutralization, Human)	Neutralization	Human
Wade KC, Guttentag SH, Gonzales LW, Maschhoff KL, Gonzales J, Kolla V, Singhal S, Ballard PL Gene induction during differentiation of human pulmonary type II cells in vitro. Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol., 2006-02-10;34(6):727-37. 2006-02-10 [PMID: 16474099] (IHC-Fr, Western Blot, Human)	IHC-Fr, Western Blot	Human
Schmitz J, Owyang A, Oldham E, Song Y, Murphy E, McClanahan TK, Zurawski G, Moshrefi M, Qin J, Li X, Gorman DM, Bazan JF, Kastelein RA IL-33, an interleukin-1-like cytokine that signals via the IL-1 receptor-related protein ST2 and induces T helper type 2-associated cytokines. Immunity, 2005-11-01;23(5):479-90. 2005-11-01 [PMID: 16286016] (Western Blot, Human)	Western Blot	Human
Show All 19 Publications. Collapse Publications.

Array AF523

• ST2/IL-33R Antibodies
• ST2/IL-33R Antibody Pair
• ST2/IL-33R ELISA Kit
• ST2/IL-33R Proteins
• ST2/IL-33R ELISAs
• ST2/IL-33R Proteins and Enzymes