PD-L1 Antibody - BSA Free

Programmed-death ligand 1 (PD-L1), also known as CD274 and B7-H1, is a 33 kDa type I glycoprotein containing 290 amino acids (aa) belonging to the protein B7 family and serves as part of an immune checkpoint (1,2). PD-L1 contains an Ig-V and Ig-C-like extracellular domain, a transmembrane domain, and a cytoplasmic tail lacking canonical signaling motifs (2,3). PD-L1 is the ligand that binds the receptor programmed-death 1 (PD-1) which is highly expressed on active T cells (1-3). PD-L1 is typically upregulated by tumor cells and antigen presenting cells (APCs), but also expressed on T cells, B cells, macrophages, dendritic cells (DC), mast cells, and some non-immune cell types (1-3). In addition to the membrane-bound, PD-L1 is released from cells both in soluble form and bound to extracellular vesicles (4).

PD-L1 binding with receptor PD-1 results in phosphorylation of in the inhibitory tyrosine-based switch motif (ITSM) domain of PD-1, which leads to recruitment of Src homology 2 domain-containing protein tyrosine-phosphatase 2 (SHP-2) and eventual downstream phosphorylation of spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) and phospholipid inositol-3-kinase (PI3K) (1,3). Under normal conditions, the PD-L1/PD-1 signaling axis helps maintain immune tolerance and prevent destructive immune responses by inhibiting T cell activity such as proliferation, survival, cytokine production, and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) cytotoxicity (1-3). In the tumor microenvironment (TME), however, the PD-L1/PD-1 signaling axis is hijacked to promote tumor cell survival and limit anti-tumor immune response (1,3). More precisely, tumor cells can escape killing and immune surveillance due to T cell exhaustion and apoptosis (1-3).

Given the role the PD-L1/PD-1 signaling axis plays in tumor cells' ability to evade immune surveillance, it has become a target of several immunotherapeutic agents in recent years (3,5). Antibody immunotherapies that target these inhibitory checkpoint molecules has shown great promise for cancer treatment (3,5). PD-L1 and PD-1 blocking agents have been approved for treatment in a number of cancers including melanoma, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), urothelial carcinoma, and Merkel-cell carcinoma (3,5). In many cancers the expression of PD-L1 in the TME has predictive value for response to blocking agents (3). Pembrolizumab, for example, is a PD-1 inhibitor that has been approved by the FDA as a second-line therapy for treatment of metastatic NSCLC in patients whose tumors express PD-L1 with a Tumor Proportion Score (TPS) greater than 1%, but also for first-line treatment in cases where patients' tumors expression PD-L1 with a TPS greater than 50%) (5). The most promising cancer immunotherapy treatments seem to point to combination therapy with both anti-cancer drugs (e.g. Gefitibin, Metformin, Etoposide) with PD-L1/PD-1 antibody blockade inhibitors (e.g. Atezolizumab, Nivolumab) (6).

References

1. Han, Y., Liu, D., & Li, L. (2020). PD-1/PD-L1 pathway: current researches in cancer. American journal of cancer research, 10(3), 727-742.

2. Jiang, Y., Chen, M., Nie, H., & Yuan, Y. (2019). PD-1 and PD-L1 in cancer immunotherapy: clinical implications and future considerations. Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics, 15(5), 1111-1122. https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2019.1571892

3. Sun, C., Mezzadra, R., & Schumacher, T. N. (2018). Regulation and Function of the PD-L1 Checkpoint. Immunity, 48(3), 434-452. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2018.03.014

4. Cha, J. H., Chan, L. C., Li, C. W., Hsu, J. L., & Hung, M. C. (2019). Mechanisms Controlling PD-L1 Expression in Cancer. Molecular cell, 76(3), 359-370. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molcel.2019.09.030

5. Tsoukalas, N., Kiakou, M., Tsapakidis, K., Tolia, M., Aravantinou-Fatorou, E., Baxevanos, P., Kyrgias, G., & Theocharis, S. (2019). PD-1 and PD-L1 as immunotherapy targets and biomarkers in non-small cell lung cancer. Journal of B.U.ON. : official journal of the Balkan Union of Oncology, 24(3), 883-888.

6. Gou, Q., Dong, C., Xu, H., Khan, B., Jin, J., Liu, Q., Shi, J., & Hou, Y. (2020). PD-L1 degradation pathway and immunotherapy for cancer. Cell death & disease, 11(11), 955. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41419-020-03140-2

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.

We have publications tested in 3 confirmed species: Human, Mouse, Rat.

We have publications tested in 12 applications: B/N, ICC/IF, IF/IHC, IHC-F, IHC-P, IHC-WhMt, IP, Immunohistochemistry, Immunoprecipitation, KD, WB, Western Blot.

Showing Publications 1 - 10 of 40. Show All 40 Publications. Collapse Publications.

Publications using NBP1-76769	Applications	Species
Zhong Y, Li MY, Han L et al. Galangin inhibits programmed cell death-ligand 1 expression by suppressing STAT3 and MYC and enhances T cell tumor-killing activity Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology 2023-07-01 [PMID: 37267692] (WB, Human) Details: 1:2000 WB dilution	WB	Human
Mei‐Chih Chen, Meng‐Yu Hung, Chih‐Ming Pan, Shi‐Wei Huang, Chia‐Ing Jan, Yu‐Hsuan Li, Shao‐Chih Chiu, Der‐Yang Cho Pemetrexed combined with dual immune checkpoint blockade enhances cytotoxic T lymphocytes against lung cancer Cancer Science 2023-04-19 [PMID: 37017116]
Caron JM, Han X, Lary CW et al. Targeting the secreted RGDKGE collagen fragment reduces PD?L1 by a proteasome?dependent mechanism and inhibits tumor growth Oncology reports 2023-02-01 [PMID: 36633146] (ICC/IF, Mouse)	ICC/IF	Mouse
Dong M, Qian M, Ruan Z CUL3/SPOP complex prevents immune escape and enhances chemotherapy sensitivity of ovarian cancer cells through degradation of PD-L1 protein Journal for immunotherapy of cancer 2022-10-01 [PMID: 36198437] (IP, WB, Human)	IP, WB	Human
Luo Z, Liao T, Zhang Y et al. Ex vivo anchored PD L1 functionally prevent in vivo renal allograft rejection Bioengineering & Translational Medicine 2022-04-06 [PMID: 36176616] (WB, ICC/IF, IHC-P, Rat)	WB, ICC/IF, IHC-P	Rat
Kozak K, Szumera-Cieckiewicz A. 1441PPROGRAMMED DEATH LIGAND-1 (PD-L1) EXPRESSION AND PROGNOSTIC VALUE IN SYNOVIAL SARCOMA. Annals of Oncology. 2014-01-01
Riondato F, Colitti B, Rosati S et al. A method to test antibody cross-reactivity toward animal antigens for flow cytometry Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology 2022-09-26 [PMID: 36161760]
Sakuma K, Kii T, Takahashi H et al. An In Vivo Study of Local Administration of Low-dose Anti-PD-1 Antibody Using an Oral Cancer Cell Line Anticancer research 2022-09-01 [PMID: 36039414]
Yang W, Han B, Chen Y, Geng F SAAL1, a novel oncogene, is associated with prognosis and immunotherapy in multiple types of cancer Aging 2022-08-13 [PMID: 35963646] (WB, Human)	WB	Human
Dong G, Huang X, Chen R et al. Increased PD-L1 Restricts Liver Injury in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2022-05-16 [PMID: 35615575] (Immunohistochemistry, Immunoprecipitation, Western Blot)	Immunohistochemistry, Immunoprecipitation, Western Blot
Xia W, Zhang S, Duan H et al. The combination therapy of Everolimus and anti-PD-1 improves the antitumor effect by regulating CD8+ T cells in bladder cancer Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) 2022-01-20 [PMID: 35059863]
Chakrabarti J, Koh V, Steele N et al. Disruption of Her2-Induced PD-L1 Inhibits Tumor Cell Immune Evasion in Patient-Derived Gastric Cancer Organoids Cancers 2021-12-07 [PMID: 34944780] (IHC-WhMt, Human)	IHC-WhMt	Human
Jin Y, Zuo HX, Li MY et al. Anti-Tumor Effects of Carrimycin and Monomeric Isovalerylspiramycin I on Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Vitro and in Vivo Frontiers in Pharmacology 2021-11-26 [PMID: 34899336] (Western Blot)	Western Blot
Ravindran Menon D, Li Y, Yamauchi T Et al. EGCG Inhibits Tumor Growth in Melanoma by Targeting JAK-STAT Signaling and Its Downstream PD-L1/PD-L2-PD1 Axis in Tumors and Enhancing Cytotoxic T-Cell Responses Pharmaceuticals 2021-10-26 [PMID: 34832863] (WB, Mouse)	WB	Mouse
Koikawa K, Kibe S, Suizu F Et al. Targeting Pin1 renders pancreatic cancer eradicable by synergizing with immunochemotherapy Cell 2021-08-06 [PMID: 34388391] (Mouse)		Mouse
Zhang J, Qi J, Wei H et al. TGF?1 in Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Is Associated With Progression and Radiosensitivity in Small-Cell Lung Cancer Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology 2021-05-20 [PMID: 34095135] (Immunohistochemistry)	Immunohistochemistry
Sun TX, Li MY, Zhang ZH et al. Usnic acid suppresses cervical cancer cell proliferation by inhibiting PD-L1 expression and enhancing T-lymphocyte tumor-killing activity Phytotherapy research : PTR 2021-05-10 [PMID: 33970512]
Liu, C, Ma, Z Et al. Identification of primordial germ cell-like cells as liver metastasis initiating cells in mouse tumour models. Cell Discov 2020-03-24 [PMID: 33758163]
Liu X, Xing Y, Li M et al. Licochalcone A inhibits proliferation and promotes apoptosis of colon cancer cell by targeting programmed cell death-ligand 1 via the NF-kappaB and Ras/Raf/MEK pathways J J Ethnopharmacol 2021-03-04 [PMID: 33677006] (WB)	WB
Mondal T, Shivange GN, Tihagam RG et al. Unexpected PD-L1 immune evasion mechanism in TNBC, ovarian, and other solid tumors by DR5 agonist antibodies EMBO molecular medicine 2021-02-15 [PMID: 33587338]
Holokai L, Chakrabarti J, Lundy J et al. Murine- and Human-Derived Autologous Organoid/Immune Cell Co-Cultures as Pre-Clinical Models of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Cancers 2020-12-17 [PMID: 33348809] (ICC/IF, Human)	ICC/IF	Human
Yang A, Li MY, Zhang ZH et al. Erianin regulates programmed cell death ligand 1 expression and enhances cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity J Ethnopharmacol 2020-11-18 [PMID: 33220359] (IF/IHC, ICC/IF)	IF/IHC, ICC/IF
Zhou J, Wu Z, Hu J et al High-throughput single-EV liquid biopsy: Rapid, simultaneous, and multiplexed detection of nucleic acids, proteins, and their combinations Sci Adv 2020-11-21 [PMID: 33219024] Details: Citation using the Alexa Fluor 488 version of this antibody.
Tsutaho A, Hashimoto A, Hashimoto S et al. High expression of AMAP1, an ARF6 effector, is associated with elevated levels of PD-L1 and fibrosis of pancreatic cancer Cell Commun. Signal 2020-06-24 [PMID: 32580737] (IF/IHC, Human)	IF/IHC	Human
Li Z, Zhang C, Du JX et al. Adipocytes promote tumor progression and induce PD-L1 expression via TNF-alpha/IL-6 signaling Cancer Cell Int. 2020-05-20 [PMID: 32477009] (WB, Human, Mouse)	WB	Human, Mouse
Liu C, Ma Z, Cai Z et Al. Identification of primordial germ cell-like cells as liver metastasis initiating cells in mouse tumour models Cell Discov 2020-03-24 [PMID: 32218989] (IF/IHC, Mouse)	IF/IHC	Mouse
Yang Q, Peng J, Shi K et al. Rationally designed peptide-conjugated gold/platinum nanosystem with active tumor-targeting for enhancing tumor photothermal-immunotherapy J Control Release. 2019-06-25 [PMID: 31252039] (WB, Mouse, Human)	WB	Mouse, Human
Wang, X;Wu, WKK;Gao, J;Li, Z;Dong, B;Lin, X;Li, Y;Li, Y;Gong, J;Qi, C;Peng, Z;Yu, J;Shen, L; Autophagy inhibition enhances PD-L1 expression in gastric cancer J. Exp. Clin. Cancer Res. 2019-03-29 [PMID: 30925913] (IHC-P, Human)	IHC-P	Human
Holokai L, Chakrabarti J, Broda T et al. Increased Programmed Death-Ligand 1 is an Early Epithelial Cell Response to Helicobacter pylori Infection PLoS Pathog. 2019-01-01 [PMID: 30703170] (B/N)	B/N
Chakrabarti J, Holokai L, Syu L et al. Hedgehog signaling induces PD-L1 expression and tumor cell proliferation in gastric cancer. Oncotarget 2018-12-21 [PMID: 30647844] (WB, Mouse)	WB	Mouse
Xing Y, Mi C, Wang Z et al. Fraxinellone has anticancer activity in vivo by inhibiting programmed cell death-ligand 1 expression by reducing hypoxia-inducible factor-1a and STAT3 Pharmacol. Res. 2018-08-10 [PMID: 30103001] (WB, Human)	WB	Human
Maisel K, Merrilees MJ, Atochina-Vasserman EN et al. Immune Checkpoint Ligand PD-L1 is Upregulated in Pulmonary Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. 2018-08-10 [PMID: 30095976] (Mouse)		Mouse
Zhang P, Liu J, Li W et al. Lactoferricin B reverses cisplatin resistance in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells through targeting PD-L1 Cancer Med 2018-05-15 [PMID: 29761938] (Mouse)		Mouse
He H, Zhou Y, Zhou Y et al. Dexmedetomidine mitigates microglia-mediated neuroinflammation through up-regulation of programmed cell death protein 1 in a rat spinal cord injury model. J. Neurotrauma 2018-04-18 [PMID: 29665726] (WB, Rat)	WB	Rat
Sun J, Lian M, Ma H et al. Competing endogenous RNA network analysis of CD274, IL10 and FOXP3 coexpression in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Mol Med Rep 2018-03-01 [PMID: 29257349] (Human)		Human
D'arrigo Paolo, Russo Michele, Rea Anna et al. A regulatory role for the co-chaperone FKBP51s in PD-L1 expression in glioma. Oncotarget 2017-07-17 [PMID: 28978117] (KD, WB, IP, Human)	KD, WB, IP	Human
Gravelle P, Burroni B, Pericart S et al. Mechanisms of PD-1/PD-L1 expression and prognostic relevance in non-Hodgkin lymphoma: a summary of immunohistochemical studies Oncotarget 2017-07-04 [PMID: 28402953] (IHC-F, Human)	IHC-F	Human
Bronchud MH, Tresserra F, Xu W et al. Placental immune editing switch (PIES): learning about immunomodulatory pathways from a unique case report. Oncotarget. 2016-11-11 [PMID: 27852037] (IF/IHC, Human)	IF/IHC	Human
Abstract Book: Society of Surgical Oncology 69(th) Annual Cancer Symposium. Ann Surg Oncol 2016-02-01 [PMID: 26745989] (IF/IHC, Human)	IF/IHC	Human
Aguilar LK, Shirley LA, Chung VM et al. Gene-mediated cytotoxic immunotherapy as adjuvant to surgery or chemoradiation for pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Cancer Immunol. Immunother. 2015-03-21 [PMID: 25795132] (IHC-P, Human)	IHC-P	Human
Show All 40 Publications. Collapse Publications.

Images	Ratings	Applications	Species	Date	Details
Enlarge	1 reviewed by: Valeria Martini	IHC-P	Canine	08/27/2020	View Summary Application Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin Sample Tested FFPE Species Canine Lot B Comments Comments Paraffin-embedded tissue blocks of 2 different samples were cut into 2 μm sections. Automated deparaffinization and rehydration was performed by immersing the slides in Xylene, in graded alcohol series and finally in water as indicated. 0.3% hydrogen peroxide was used to block endogenous peroxidase activity for 30 minutes. Antigen retrieval was performed for each sample both in citrate 10 mM (pH 6.0) buffer and in Tris-EDTA 10 mM (pH 9.0) buffer at 98°C for 30 minutes. Primary antibody was used both at final dilution of 5 ug/mL and 10 ug/mL in 1.5% horse serum in PBS, and sections were incubated for 2 hours at room temperature. Incubation with biotinylated secondary antibody and streptavidin/HRP complex were performed using the VECTASTAIN® Universal Quick Kit Peroxidase, R.T.U. (Vector Laboratories) following manufacturer’s instructions. DAB was added to tissue sections until brown color developed (3 minutes), then slides were moved to water for 5 minutes and counterstained in hematoxylin. Finally, slides were dehydrated and mounted. *Low Rating Note: Novus Innovators Program - new species or application used on a primary antibody.
Enlarge	3 reviewed by: Verified Customer	ICC	Mouse	05/12/2018	View Summary Application Immunocytochemistry Sample Tested pancreas cancer cells Species Mouse Lot NBP1-76769 Comments Comments dilution 1:100 overnight incubation @ 4 C
Enlarge	5 reviewed by: Verified Customer	WB	Human	03/02/2017	View Summary Application Western Blot Sample Tested human melanoma Species Human Lot 7315-1303
	4 reviewed by: Verified Customer	IHC-P	Human and Mouse	01/18/2017	View Summary Application Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin Sample Tested Pancreatic cancer tissue,transgenic mouse pancreas Species Human and Mouse Lot 8293-1504-2
Enlarge	3 reviewed by: Verified Customer	WB	Human	11/09/2016	View Summary Application Western Blot Sample Tested HCT-116 colon cancer cell line w/wo drug treatment Species Human Comments Comments I tested protein lording amount, 25, 30, and 50 ug to optimize the PD-L1 expression. Blocking buffer was Li-COR synthetic protein blocking buffer for 1 hr. The dilution of Primary antibody(PD-L1, NBP1-76769) were 1:500, 1:1000 and 1:2000 that I tested. Secondary antibody, Li-COR, IRdye 800CW goat anti-rabbit, 1:5000 dilution for 45 min.

Array NBP1-76769

• PD-L1 Antibodies
• PD-L1 Antibody Pairs
• PD-L1 Lysate
• PD-L1 Proteins
• PD-L1 Proteins and Enzymes
• PD-L1 ELISAs