Western blot shows lysates of human placenta tissue. PVDF membrane was probed with 1 µg/mL of Goat Anti-Human 4-1BB Ligand/TNFSF9 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF2295) followed by ...read more
4‑1BB Ligand/TNFSF9 was detected in immersion fixed paraffin-embedded sections of human placenta using Goat Anti-Human 4‑1BB Ligand/TNFSF9 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF2295) ...read more
Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
Buffer
Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with Trehalose. *Small pack size (SP) is supplied either lyophilized or as a 0.2 µm filtered solution in PBS.
Preservative
No Preservative
Concentration
LYOPH
Reconstitution Instructions
Reconstitute at 0.2 mg/mL in sterile PBS.
Notes
This product is produced by and ships from R&D Systems, Inc., a Bio-Techne brand.
Alternate Names for 4-1BB Ligand/TNFSF9 Antibody [Unconjugated]
41BB Ligand
4-1BB Ligand
4-1BBL
4-1BB-L
CD137L
homolog of mouse 4-1BB-L
receptor 4-1BB ligand
TNFSF9
tumor necrosis factor (ligand) superfamily, member 9
tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 9
Background
4-1BB ligand (4-1BBL; also CD137L) is a 32 kDa type II transmembrane protein that belongs to the TNF superfamily (TNFSF) molecules (1‑4). The human 4-1BBL cDNA encodes a 254 amino acid (aa) protein that contains a 25 aa N-terminal cytoplasmic domain, a 23 aa transmembrane segment, and a 206 aa C-terminal extracellular region (5). The extracellular domain (ECD) of 4-1BBL has a jelly-roll, beta -sandwich tertiary structure that is similar to other TNFSF members. There is only one cysteine in the human ECD, and no potential N-linked glycosylation sites. The potential exists, however, for O-linked glycosylation. The human 4-1BBL ECD shares 32% and 35% aa identity with mouse and rat ECD, respectively. In the cytoplasmic domain, human 4-1BBL is 55 aa shorter than the equivalent region in rodents. 4-1BBL is expressed by activated B cells, macrophages, dendritic cells, activated T cells, neurons and astrocytes (2, 3, 6). A 26 kDa soluble form of 4-1BBL is known to occur in humans. Although it is presumably generated by MMP activity, its amino acid size is currently unreported (4). The soluble form is bioactive. Human 4-1BBL signals through both CD137/4-1BB and itself. Its cytoplasmic tail participates in reverse signaling that induces apoptosis in T cells and cytokine secretion (IL-6; TNF-alpha ) by monocytes (7, 8). 4-1BBL binding to CD137/4-1BB produces a number of effects. It seems to play a key role in the T cell recall response. It maintains T cell numbers at the end of a primary response, and induces CD4+ and CD8+ T cells to proliferate and secrete cytokines such as IL-2 and IFN-gamma in CD4+ cells, and IFN-gamma in CD8+ cells (9, 10).
Kwon, B. et al. (2003) Exp. Mol. Med. 35:8.
Salih, H.R. et al. (2002) Int. J. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 40:348.
Vinay, D.S. and B.S. Kwon (1998) Semin. Immunol. 1:481.
Salih, H.R. et al. (2001) J. Immunol. 167:4059.
Alderson, M.R. et al. (1994) Eur. J. Immunol. 24:2219.
Reali, C. et al. (2003) J. Neurosci. Res. 74:67.
Michel, J. et al. (1999) Immunology 98:42.
Langstein, J. et al. (1998) J. Immunol. 160:2488.
Wen, T. et al. (2002) J. Immunol. 168:4897.
Dawicki, W. and T.H. Watts (2004) Eur. J. Immunol. 34:743.
Limitations
This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.
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