Measured by its ability to induce Smad3 phosphorylation in P19 mouse embryonal carcinoma cells. Approximately 10 ng/mL can effectively induce Smad3 phosphorylation.
Source
Chinese Hamster Ovary cell line, CHO-derived human BMP-15/GDF-9B protein Gln268-Arg392 (Thr266Arg)
>90%, by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions and visualized by silver stain
Endotoxin Note
<0.10 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.
Applications/Dilutions
Dilutions
Bioactivity
Theoretical MW
13.9 kDa. Disclaimer note: The observed molecular weight of the protein may vary from the listed predicted molecular weight due to post translational modifications, post translation cleavages, relative charges, and other experimental factors.
SDS-PAGE
15 kDa, reducing conditions
Publications
Read Publications using 5096-BM in the following applications:
Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
Buffer
Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in HCl with BSA as a carrier protein.
Purity
>90%, by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions and visualized by silver stain
Reconstitution Instructions
Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile 4 mM HCl containing at least 0.1% human or bovine serum albumin.
Notes
This product is produced by and ships from R&D Systems, Inc., a Bio-Techne brand.
Alternate Names for Recombinant Human BMP-15 Protein
BMP15
BMP-15
bone morphogenetic protein 15
GDF-9B
Growth/differentiation factor 9B
ODG2
POF4
Background
Bone morphogenetic protein 15 (BMP-15), also known as GDF-9B, is a TGF-beta superfamily ligand that is expressed by oocytes throughout folliculogenesis, and plays an important role in oocyte development (1). BMP-15 promotes the FSH‑independent proliferation of ovarian granulosa cells (GC) and induces GC glycolysis and cholesterol synthesis (2‑4). It also induces GC production of stem cell factor which, in turn, negatively regulates BMP-15 expression in oocytes (5). BMP-15 blocks the FSH‑induced GC expression of FSH R and multiple steroidogenic molecules (6). BMP-15 is synthesized with a 249 amino acid (aa) N-terminal propeptide (7). The propeptide is cleaved intracellularly from the 50 kDa proBMP-15 but remains associated with mature BMP-15 (8). Mature BMP-15 exists in 16 kDa and 17 kDa forms which are distinguishable by the presence of O-linked glycosylation on the 17 kDa form (8). Mature BMP-15 is phosphorylated, a modification which is required for the stimulation of GC proliferation (9). BMP-15 exerts its effects through interactions with BMPR‑IB/ALK6 and BMPR‑II (9-11). Mature BMP-15 forms 34 kDa noncovalently-linked homodimers and 37 kDa heterodimers with mature GDF-9 (12). Both of these oocyte-expressed factors lack the cysteine that mediates disulfide-linked dimerization in most TGF-beta superfamily ligands (1). Although heterodimerization with GDF-9 may limit the secretion of active BMP‑15, these two factors synergize in promoting oocyte survival and folliculogenesis (12, 13). Mature human BMP-15 shares 70%, 68%, and 78% aa sequence identity with mouse, rat, and sheep BMP-15, respectively. It shares 27%-38% aa sequence with other BMPs.
Moore, R.K. and S. Shimasaki (2005) Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 234:67.
Otsuka, F. et al. (2000) J. Biol. Chem. 275:39523.
Sugiura, K. et al. (2007) Development 134:2593.
Su, Y.-Q. et al. (2008) Development 135:111.
Otsuka, F. and S. Shimasaki (2002) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 99:8060.
Otsuka, F. et al. (2001) J. Biol. Chem. 276:11387.
Dube, J.L. et al. (1998) Mol. Endocrinol. 12:1809.
Saito, S. et al. (2008) Prot. Sci. 17:362.
McMahon, H.E. et al. (2008) Endocrinology 149:812.
Moore, R.K. et al. (2003) J. Biol. Chem. 278:304.
Edwards, S.J. et al. (2008) Endocrinology 149:1026.
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