| Formulation | Catalog # | Availability | Price | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BSA Free | NB100-2220SS | |||
| Formulation | Catalog # | Availability | Price | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BSA Free | NB600-1384SS | |||
| Formulation | Catalog # | Availability | Price | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BSA Free | NB100-2331SS | |||
| Formulation | Catalog # | Availability | Price | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BSA Free | NBP2-46892SS | |||
| Azide and BSA Free | NBP2-80829 | |||
| Formulation | Catalog # | Availability | Price | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BSA Free | NB110-60928SS | |||
| Formulation | Catalog # | Availability | Price | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BSA Free | NBP1-78964SS | |||
| Formulation | Catalog # | Availability | Price | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BSA Free | NBP2-59800SS | |||
| Azide and BSA Free | NBP2-80830 | |||
![Detection of LC3B in mouse ES cell lysates using Rabbit anti- [Catalog # NB100-2220]. LC3 detected at a molecular weight of approximately 17 kDa. Atg5-/- ES cells from Dr. Noboru Mizushima [Mizushima, N. et al. J. Cell Biol. 152 (2001)] Photo courtesy of Dr. Beth Levine, UT SW Medical Center.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/LC3B-Antibody-Western-Blot-NB100-2220-img0047.jpg)
![<b>Biological Strategies Validation. </b>Detection of LC3I and LC3II in mouse cochlea cell line SV-K1 using Rabbit anti- [Catalog # NB100-2220]. Cells were treated with CQ (1 uM), and As2O3 (1 uM) for 24 hrs. Image from verified customer review.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/LC3B-Antibody-Western-Blot-NB100-2220-img0056.jpg)
![Staining of rat brain tissue section. Analysis using Rabbit anti-LC3B Antibody [Catalog # NB100-2220]. Image from verified customer review.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/LC3B-Antibody-Immunohistochemistry-NB100-2220-img0037.jpg)
![FFPE (Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded) tissue section of mouse brain using 1:200 dilution of Rabbit anti-LC3B antibody [Catalog # NB100-2220]. The specific signal of LC3 was detected using HRP-conjugated secondary antibody with DAB (3, 3 -diaminobenzidine) reagent, and nuclei of cells were counterstained using hematoxylin. This LC3B antibody generated a low to moderate levels of cytoplasmic staining in the glial cells. The neurons depicted a moderate to strong staining for LC3 in their cytoplasm.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/LC3B-Antibody-Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin-NB100-2220-img0048.jpg)
![Analysis using the Biotin conjugate of Rabbit anti-LC3B Antibody [Catalog # NB100-2220]. Staining of brain, cerebral cortex, neurons with cell processes.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/LC3B-Antibody-Immunohistochemistry-NB100-2220-img0053.jpg)
![Analysis of LC3B in HeLa cells using anti-LC3B antibody (red) [Catalog # NB600-1384]. Nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (blue).](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/LC3B-Antibody---BSA-Free-Immunocytochemistry-Immunofluorescence-NB600-1384-img0033.jpg)
![Analysis of LC3B in treated U87-MG (human glioblastoma astrocytoma) lysates using anti- [Catalog # NB600-1384].](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/LC3B-Antibody---BSA-Free-Western-Blot-NB600-1384-img0027.jpg)
![Staining of treated U373-MG (human glioblastoma) cells using anti- [Catalog # NB600-1384].](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/LC3B-Antibody---BSA-Free-Immunocytochemistry-Immunofluorescence-NB600-1384-img0030.jpg)
![Analysis of U87MG glioma xenografts using anti- [Catalog # NB600-1384]. Image from verified customer review.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/LC3B-Antibody---BSA-Free-Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin-NB600-1384-img0023.jpg)
![Simple Western: LC3B Antibody - BSA Free [NB600-1384] - Autolysosome imaging after growth factor deprivation captured the autophagy induction in iPSC-derived astrocytes. (A) Schematic procedures of autophagy induction assay. (B) Representative images of cells and autolysosomes on day 2 with or without growth factor deprivation. (C) Fluorescence counts per well of 96-well plate at 16 h after initiation of assay. Astrocytes were treated with control, starvation and starvation with 10 nM bafilomycin A1 (BafA1) condition. The data were analysed by one-way ANOVA (F [3, 12] = 21.19, p < 0.0001), followed by Tukey's multiple comparisons test. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ****p < 0.001, ns, not significant. Data represent mean +- SD (n = 4, from different experimental replicates). (D) Astrocytes were treated with control, starvation and starvation with 10 nM bafilomycin A1 (BafA1) condition. Cells were lysed and subjected to immunoblot analysis at 16 h after initiation of assay. M.W., molecular-weight size marker. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38509731 ), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/nb600-1384_rabbit-polyclonal-lc3b-antibody-30820241044551.jpg)
![Western Blot: LC3A Antibody - BSA Free [NB100-2331] - LC3A Antibody [NB100-2331] - High autophagosome concentration is consumed during early immortalized human mesenchymal stem cell differentiation. Immortalized human mesenchymal stem cells were differentiated under osteogenic conditions (see Materials and methods) and assayed for changes in LC3I and LC3II during a 72-hour window. Cells were differentiated under standard conditions (top) or with addition of 5 uM rapamycin (middle) or 5 nM bafilomycin (bottom) for the first 3 hours of differentiation to modulate autophagy. Immunoblots were performed for LC3 at the indicated time points to assess autophagosome degradation via relative changes in LC3II (lower band; 17 kDa). Studies were repeated three times with similar trends seen consistently. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//stemcellres.com/content/5/6/140), licensed under a CC-BY license.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/LC3A-Antibody---BSA-Free-Western-Blot-NB100-2331-img0041.jpg "Western Blot: LC3A Antibody - BSA Free [NB100-2331] - LC3A Antibody [NB100-2331] - High autophagosome concentration is consumed during early immortalized human mesenchymal stem cell differentiation. Immortalized human mesenchymal stem cells were differentiated under osteogenic conditions (see Materials and methods) and assayed for changes in LC3I and LC3II during a 72-hour window. Cells were differentiated under standard conditions (top) or with addition of 5 uM rapamycin (middle) or 5 nM bafilomycin (bottom) for the first 3 hours of differentiation to modulate autophagy. Immunoblots were performed for LC3 at the indicated time points to assess autophagosome degradation via relative changes in LC3II (lower band; 17 kDa). Studies were repeated three times with similar trends seen consistently. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//stemcellres.com/content/5/6/140), licensed under a CC-BY license.")
![Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence: LC3A Antibody - BSA Free [NB100-2331] - LC3A Antibody [NB100-2331] - Analysis in PFA fixed NIH/3T3 cells using anti-LC3A antibody. Image from verified customer review.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/LC3A-Antibody---BSA-Free-Immunocytochemistry-Immunofluorescence-NB100-2331-img0046.jpg)
![Immunohistochemistry: LC3A Antibody - BSA Free [NB100-2331] - LC3A Antibody [NB100-2331] - Staining in mouse meniscus and cartilage. Image from verified customer review.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/LC3A-Antibody---BSA-Free-Immunohistochemistry-NB100-2331-img0045.jpg)
![Western Blot: LC3A Antibody - BSA Free [NB100-2331] - Autophagy mobilized during differentiation of immortalized human mesenchymal stem cells (ihMSCs). Cultured ihMSCs were stimulated to undergo osteogenesis to form osteoblasts for 30 days at 21% and 4% oxygen. LC3I and LC3II levels were assessed via immunoblot every 10 days and normalized to beta-actin to derive average LC3II band densities. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25523618/) licensed under a CC-BY license.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/LC3A Antibody - BSA Free-Western Blot-NB100-2331-img0047.jpg)
![Western Blot: LC3A Antibody - BSA Free [NB100-2331] - LC3A Antibody [NB100-2331] - Autophagy mobilized during differentiation of immortalized human mesenchymal stem cells (ihMSCs). Cultured ihMSCs were stimulated to undergo osteogenesis to form osteoblasts for 30 days at 21% and 4% oxygen. LC3I and LC3II levels were assessed via immunoblot every 10 days and normalized to beta-actin to derive average LC3II band densities. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//stemcellres.com/content/5/6/140), licensed under a CC-BY license.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/LC3A-Antibody---BSA-Free-Western-Blot-NB100-2331-img0036.jpg)
![Western Blot: LC3A Antibody - BSA Free [NB100-2331] - LC3A Antibody [NB100-2331] - This LC3A antibody Image shows Analysis in human cell lysates.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/LC3A-Antibody---BSA-Free-Western-Blot-NB100-2331-img0037.jpg)
![Western Blot: LC3A Antibody - BSA Free [NB100-2331] - LC3A Antibody [NB100-2331] - This LC3A antibody Image shows analysis of heart tissue lysates from mice which were subjected or not to 48 hours of starvation. The signal was developed using ECL method and this LC3 antibody was found to detect both forms of LC3, i.e. LC3A and LC3B. As expected, the levels of LC3B form were higher in the heart tissue lysates from starved mice.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/LC3A-Antibody---BSA-Free-Western-Blot-NB100-2331-img0039.jpg)
![Western Blot: LC3A Antibody - BSA Free [NB100-2331] - LC3A Antibody [NB100-2331] - Detection of HRP conjugated autophagic LC3 in mouse ES cell lysate. The atg5-/- lane (ES cells, cultured to form embryonic bodies, that are deficient in conversion of LC3-1 to LC3-11) demonstrates the specificity of NB 100-2331, as there is no detection of LC3-11. Photo courtesy of Dr. Beth Levine, UT Southwestern Medical Center.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/LC3A-Antibody---BSA-Free-Western-Blot-NB100-2331-img0040.jpg)
![Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence: LC3A Antibody - BSA Free [NB100-2331] - LC3A Antibody [NB100-2331] - This LC3A antibody Image shows an analysis in HeLa cells using anti-LC3 antibody (red). Nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (blue).](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/LC3A-Antibody---BSA-Free-Immunocytochemistry-Immunofluorescence-NB100-2331-img0038.jpg)
![Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence: LC3A Antibody - BSA Free [NB100-2331] - LC3A Antibody [NB100-2331] - Left panel shows untreated HeLa cells. Right panel shows HeLa cells that were treated with 50 uM CQ overnight. Cells were fixed for 10 minutes using 10% formalin and then permeabilized for 5 minutes using 1X PBS + 0.05% Triton X-100. The cells were incubated with anti-LC3A antibody at 5 ug/mL overnight at 4C and detected with an anti-mouse DyLight 488 (Green) at a 1:500. Nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (Blue). Cells were imaged using a 40X objective.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/LC3A-Antibody---BSA-Free-Immunocytochemistry-Immunofluorescence-NB100-2331-img0042.jpg)
![Immunohistochemistry: LC3A Antibody - BSA Free [NB100-2331] - LC3A Antibody [NB100-2331] - Rapamycin increases autophagy in brains of PDAPP mice. Representative epifluorescent (c200x) image of hippocampal CA1 in control- and rapamycin-fed transgenic PDAPP mice stained with an anti-LC3 antibody. An increase in LC3-immunoreactive puncta was observed in CA1 projections of transgenic PDAPP mice following rapamycin administration. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0009979) licensed under a CC-BY license.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/LC3A-Antibody---BSA-Free-Immunohistochemistry-NB100-2331-img0043.jpg)
![Immunohistochemistry: LC3A Antibody - BSA Free [NB100-2331] - LC3A Antibody [NB100-2331] - Analysis in mouse renal tissue. Image from verifed customer review.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/LC3A-Antibody---BSA-Free-Immunohistochemistry-NB100-2331-img0044.jpg)
![Simple Western: LC3A Antibody - BSA Free [NB100-2331] - LC3A Antibody [NB100-2331] - Image shows a specific band for LC3 in 0.5 mg/mL of Neuro2A lysate. This experiment was performed under reducing conditions using the 12-230 kDa separation system.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/LC3A-Antibody---BSA-Free-Simple-Western-NB100-2331-img0025.jpg)
![Knockout Validated: LC3B Antibody (1251A) [NBP2-46892] - Western Blot analysis shows lysates of HeLa human cervical epithelial carcinoma parental cell line and LC3B knockout HeLa cell line (KO) untreated (-) or treated (+) with 50 uM Chloroquine for 18 hours. PVDF (Polyvinylidene difluoride) membrane was probed with 2.0 ug/mL of Rabbit Anti-Human/Mouse/Rat LC3B Monoclonal Antibody (1251A) [Catalog # NBP2-46892] followed by HRP-conjugated Anti-Rabbit IgG Secondary Antibody (Catalog# HAF008). A specific band was detected for LC3B at a molecular weight of approximately 15 kDa (as indicated) in the parental HeLa cell line, but is not detectable in the knockout HeLa cell line. GAPDH is shown as a loading control. This experiment was conducted under reducing conditions.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/LC3B-Antibody-1251A-Knockout-Validated-NBP2-46892-img0028.jpg "<b>Genetic Strategies Validation. </b>Knockout Validated: LC3B Antibody (1251A) [NBP2-46892] - Western Blot analysis shows lysates of HeLa human cervical epithelial carcinoma parental cell line and LC3B knockout HeLa cell line (KO) untreated (-) or treated (+) with 50 uM Chloroquine for 18 hours. PVDF (Polyvinylidene difluoride) membrane was probed with 2.0 ug/mL of Rabbit Anti-Human/Mouse/Rat LC3B Monoclonal Antibody (1251A) [Catalog # NBP2-46892] followed by HRP-conjugated Anti-Rabbit IgG Secondary Antibody (Catalog# HAF008). A specific band was detected for LC3B at a molecular weight of approximately 15 kDa (as indicated) in the parental HeLa cell line, but is not detectable in the knockout HeLa cell line. GAPDH is shown as a loading control. This experiment was conducted under reducing conditions.")
![<b>Genetic Strategies Validation. </b>Knockout Validated: LC3B Antibody (1251A) [NBP2-46892] - LC3B was detected in immersion fixed Chloroquine treated Hela cells (left) but was not detected in LC3B knockout Hela cells (right) using rabbit anti-human LC3B monoclonal antibody (1251A) [Catalog #NBP2-46892] at 0.3 ug/mL for 3 hours at room temperature. Cells were stained using the NorthernLights™ 557-conjugated Anti-Rabbit IgG Secondary Antibody (red; Catalog # NL004) and counterstained with DAPI (blue). Specific staining was localized to cytoplasm.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/LC3B-Antibody-1251A-Knockout-Validated-NBP2-46892-img0036.jpg)
![Western Blot: LC3B Antibody (1251A) [NBP2-46892] - The expression of LC3B in rat tissue. This image was submitted via customer Review.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/LC3B-Antibody-1251A-Western-Blot-NBP2-46892-img0034.jpg)
![<b>Biological Strategies Validation. </b>Flow (Intracellular): LC3B Antibody (1251A) [NBP2-46892] - Jurkat cells were either untreated (A) or treated with 50uM chloroquine for 24 hours (B). An intracellular stain was performed with anti-LC3B (1251A) antibody [Catalog # NBP2-46892] (blue) and a matched isotype control [Catalog # MAB1050] (orange). Cells were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde, following fixation, cells were permeabilized with 0.1% saponin. Cells were incubated in an antibody dilution of 1 ug/mL for 30 minutes at room temperature, followed by rabbit IgG APC-conjugated secondary antibody (F0111, R&D Systems).](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/LC3B-Antibody-1251A-Flow-Intracellular-NBP2-46892-img0026.jpg)
![<b>Biological Strategies Validation. </b>Western Blot: LC3B Antibody (1251A) [NBP2-46892] - Effects of PDTC on LC3 on the hippocampus of rats harvested 12 h after CLP. Values of protein data are normalized to actin level and given in relative arbitrary units. LC3-II increased in CLP rats receiving vehicle or PDTC compared with those in sham-operated rats. PDTC + CLP rats showed an increase in LC3-II compared with vehicle-treated rats. Data were expressed as mean +/- SEM, n = 6/group. *P < 0.05 vs sham-operated group. # P < 0.05 vs 12 h or Veh + CLP group. PDTC pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate, LC-3 microtubule-associated protein light chain-3, CLP cecal ligation and puncture. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26067996) licensed under a CC-BY license.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/LC3B-Antibody-1251A-Western-Blot-NBP2-46892-img0038.jpg)
![Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence: LC3B Antibody (1251A) [NBP2-46892] - HeLa cells were treated with Chloroquine for 24 hours prior to fixation, permeabilization and incubation with anti- [Catalog # NBP2-46892] and anti tubulin (NB100-690) antibodies. Image enlargement shows the accumulation of LC3 (green) on autophagosomes in response to Chloroquine treatment. Tubulin staining is shown in red and DNA is counterstained with DAPI (blue).](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/LC3B-Antibody-1251A-Immunocytochemistry-Immunofluorescence-NBP2-46892-img0032.jpg)
![Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: LC3B Antibody (1251A) [NBP2-46892] - IHC (Immunohistochemical) analysis of a formalin fixed and paraffin embedded tissue section of normal mouse brain using rabbit monoclonal LC3B (1251A) antibody [Catalog # NBP2-46892] at 1:100 dilution with HRP-DAB detection. The antibody generated a weak diffused cytoplasmic staining in most of the cells but some cells, especially within empty areas on the section, showed punctate signal also which signifies the presence of autophagy in those areas.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/LC3B-Antibody-1251A-Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin-NBP2-46892-img0033.jpg)
![Flow Cytometry: LC3B Antibody (1251A) [NBP2-46892] - HeLa cells untreated or treated with 50 uM chloroquine for 24h. Image from the Alexa Fluor 405 version of this antibody.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/LC3B-Antibody-1251A-Flow-Cytometry-NBP2-46892-img0037.jpg)
![<b>Biological Strategies Validation. </b>Western Blot: LC3B Antibody (1251A) [NBP2-46892] - Analysis shows lysates of HeLa human cervical epithelial carcinoma cell line untreated (-) or treated (+) with Chloroquine. PVDF membrane was probed with 0.2 ug/mL rabbit anti-LC3B monoclonal Antibody (1251A) (Catalog # NBP2-46892, Novus Biologicals), followed by 1:2000 dilution of goat anti-rabbit IgG secondary antibody. A specific band was detected for LC3B at a molecular weight of approximately 15 kDa in CQ treated NIH-3T3 and PC12 cell lines.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/LC3B-Antibody-1251A-Western-Blot-NBP2-46892-img0009.jpg)
![<b>Biological Strategies Validation. </b>Western Blot: LC3B Antibody (1251A) [NBP2-46892] - Western Blot analysis using HeLa cells treated with (+) or without (-) Chloriquine (CQ). A specific band was detected for LC3B at a molecular weight of approximately 15 kDa.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/LC3B-Antibody-1251A-Western-Blot-NBP2-46892-img0010.jpg)
![<b>Biological Strategies Validation. </b>Western Blot: LC3B Antibody (1251A) [NBP2-46892] - Western Blot image of monoclonal anti-LC3B Antibody (Clone 1251D) [Catalog # NBP2-46892]. HeLa and Neuro2A cells were treated with or without 50 uM chloroquine for 24 hours as indicated. Whole cell protein was then separated on a 4-15% gel by SDS-PAGE, transferred to 0.2 um PVDF membrane for 30 min and blocked in 5% non-fat milk in TBST (Tris-buffered saline, 0.1% Tween 20). The membrane was probed with 2 ug/ml anti-LC3B Antibody in 1% milk, and detected with an anti-rabbit HRP secondary antibody using chemiluminescence. Note the accumulation of LC3B II upon chloroquine treatment. Bands for LC3 were detected at a molecular weight of approximately 15 kDa in treated HeLA cells, and both treated and untreated Neuro2A cells.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/LC3B-Antibody-1251A-Western-Blot-NBP2-46892-img0006.jpg)
![Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence: LC3B Antibody (1251A) [NBP2-46892] - HeLa cells were treated with 50 uM Chloroquine for 24 hour prior to fixation in 10% buffered formalin for 10 min. Cells were permeabilized in 0.1% Triton X-100 and incubated with 20 ug/ml anti- [Catalog # NBP2-46892] and 1:500 anti-tubulin [Catalog # NB100-690] for 1 h at room temperature. LC3B reactivity (green) was detected with ant-rabbit Dylight 488 and tubulin (red) with anti-mouse Dylight 550. Nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (blue).](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/LC3B-Antibody-1251A-Immunocytochemistry-Immunofluorescence-NBP2-46892-img0030.jpg)
![Flow (Intracellular): LC3B Antibody (1251A) [NBP2-46892] - HeLa human cervical epithelial carcimoa cell line either treated with 50 uM chloroquine for 24 hours (filled histogram) or untreated (open histogram) was stained with Rabbit anti-Human LC3B Alexa Fluor 647 conjugated monoclonal antiobdy (1251A) [Catalog # NBP2-46892AF647]. To facilitate intracellular staining, cells were fixed and permeabilized with FlowX FoxP3 Fixation and Permeabilization Buffer Kit (FC012-NOV).](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/LC3B-Antibody-1251A-Flow-Intracellular-NBP2-46892-img0025.jpg)
![Immunoprecipitation: LC3B Antibody (1251A) [NBP2-46892] - Western blot analysis of LC3 immunoprecipitation. 10 ug of monoclonal anti-LC3B antibody (clone 1251A) [Catalog # NBP2-46892] was used to immunoprecipitate LC3 from 200 ug of total protein from HeLa cells treated with or without 50 uM chloroquine for 24 h. Antibody-protein was captured by magnetic protein A/G beads, washed and subjected to SDS-PAGE on a 4-15% gel. Protein was transferred to 0.2 um PVDF membrane and probed with 2 ug/ml anti-LC3B (NB100-2220) and detected with an anti-rabbit HRP conjugated secondary antibody using chemiluminescence. The detection of LC3 at a molecular weight of approximately 12 kDa and the antibody heavy chain (Ab Hc) at a molecular weight of approximately 50 kDa is indicated.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/LC3B-Antibody-1251A-Immunoprecipitation-NBP2-46892-img0031.jpg)
![Western Blot: LC3A Antibody [NBP1-19167] - Total protein from HeLa and Neuro2A cells treated with or without 50 uM chloroquine for 24 hours was separated on a 4-15% gel by SDS-PAGE, transferred to 0.2 um PVDF membrane and blocked in 5% non-fat milk in TBST. The membrane was probed with 2.0 ug/mL anti-LC3A in 1% non-fat milk in TBST and detected with an anti-rabbit HRP secondary antibody using chemiluminescence. Note the detection LC3 II upon chloroquine treatment.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/LC3A-Antibody-Western-Blot-NBP1-19167-img0012.jpg "<b>Biological Strategies Validation. </b>Western Blot: LC3A Antibody [NBP1-19167] - Total protein from HeLa and Neuro2A cells treated with or without 50 uM chloroquine for 24 hours was separated on a 4-15% gel by SDS-PAGE, transferred to 0.2 um PVDF membrane and blocked in 5% non-fat milk in TBST. The membrane was probed with 2.0 ug/mL anti-LC3A in 1% non-fat milk in TBST and detected with an anti-rabbit HRP secondary antibody using chemiluminescence. Note the detection LC3 II upon chloroquine treatment.")
![<b>Biological Strategies Validation. </b>Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence: LC3A Antibody [NBP1-19167] - LC3/MAP1 [NBP1-19167] - LC3 antibody was tested in HeLa cells with Dylight 488 (green). Cells were treated overnight with 50 uM chloroquine to induce autophagosome formation. Nuclei and alpha-tubulin were counterstained with DAPI (blue) and Dylight 550 (red).](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/LC3A-Antibody-Immunocytochemistry-Immunofluorescence-NBP1-19167-img0013.jpg)
![Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: LC3A Antibody [NBP1-19167] - Analysis of a FFPE tissue section of mouse brain using LC3 antibody at 1:300 dilution. The signal was developed using HRP-labelled secondary antibody and DAB reagent, and the sections/nuclei were further counterstained with hematoxylin. Note the diffused cytoplasmic staining of LC3 in all of the cells with highest positivity in various neurons.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/LC3A-Antibody-Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin-NBP1-19167-img0014.jpg)
![Western Blot: LC3/MAP1LC3A Antibody [NBP1-19167] - Human brain lysate.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/LC3-MAP1LC3A-Antibody-Western-Blot-NBP1-19167-img0004.jpg)
![Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: LC3A Antibody [NBP1-19167] - Analysis of a FFPE tissue section of mouse liver using LC3 antibody at 1:300 dilution. The signal was developed using HRP-labelled secondary antibody and DAB reagent, and the sections/nuclei were further counterstained with hematoxylin. Note the diffused cytoplasmic staining of LC3 in all of the hepatocytes and other liver cells.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/LC3-MAP1LC3A-Antibody-Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin-NBP1-19167-img0010.jpg)
![Simple Western: LC3A Antibody [NBP1-19167] - Image shows a specific band for LC3 in 0.5 mg/mL of Neuro2A lysate. This experiment was performed under reducing conditions using the 12-230 kDa separation system.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/LC3-MAP1LC3A-Antibody-Simple-Western-NBP1-19167-img0009.jpg)
![Western Blot: ATG16L1 Antibody [NB110-60928] - Detection of ATG16L1 using NB110-60928 in HCT116 whole cell extracts. Image from verified customer review.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/ATG16L1-Antibody-Western-Blot-NB110-60928-img0004.jpg "Western Blot: ATG16L1 Antibody [NB110-60928] - Detection of ATG16L1 using NB110-60928 in HCT116 whole cell extracts. Image from verified customer review.")
![Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: ATG16L1 Antibody [NB110-60928] - IHC analysis of formalin fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) human colon cancer using ATG16L1 antibody at 1:500 on a Bond Rx autostainer (Leica Biosystems). The assay involved 20 minutes of heat induced antigen retrieval (HIER) using 10mM sodium citrate buffer (pH 6.0) and endogenous peroxidase quenching with peroxide block. The sections were incubated with primary antibody for 30 minutes and Bond Polymer Refine Detection (Leica Biosystems) with DAB was used for signal development followed by counterstaining with hematoxylin. Whole slide scanning and capturing of representative images was performed using Aperio AT2 (Leica Biosystems). Cytoplasmic staining of ATG16L1 was observed. Staining was performed by Histowiz.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/ATG16L1-Antibody-Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin-NB110-60928-img0005.jpg)
![Western Blot: ATG16L1 Antibody [NB110-60928] - Detection of ATG16L1 using NB110-60928 in HeLa whole cell extracts.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/ATG16L1-Antibody-Western-Blot-NB110-60928-img0003.jpg)
![Western Blot: HeLa Chloroquine Treated / Untreated Cell Lysate [NBP2-49689] - HeLa cells were treated with (+) or without 50 uM (-) of Chloriquine (CQ) for 24 hours. Total cell lysates were prepared and separated on a 12% gel by SDS-PAGE. Protein was transferred to PVDF membrane and blocked in 5% non-fat milk. The membrane was then probed with 2 ug/ml of p62/SQSTM1 antibody (NBP1-42821) in 1% milk and detected with an anti-rabbit HRP secondary antibody using chemiluminescence. Note the upregulation of p62 (arrowhead) in response to chloroquine treatment and the blockage of autophagy.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/HeLa-Chloroquine-Treated---Untreated-Cell-Lysate-Western-Blot-NBP2-49689-img0005.jpg "Western Blot: HeLa Chloroquine Treated / Untreated Cell Lysate [NBP2-49689] - HeLa cells were treated with (+) or without 50 uM (-) of Chloriquine (CQ) for 24 hours. Total cell lysates were prepared and separated on a 12% gel by SDS-PAGE. Protein was transferred to PVDF membrane and blocked in 5% non-fat milk. The membrane was then probed with 2 ug/ml of p62/SQSTM1 antibody (NBP1-42821) in 1% milk and detected with an anti-rabbit HRP secondary antibody using chemiluminescence. Note the upregulation of p62 (arrowhead) in response to chloroquine treatment and the blockage of autophagy.")
![<b>Biological Strategies Validation. </b>Western Blot: HeLa Chloroquine Treated / Untreated Cell Lysate [NBP2-49689] - 10 ug of Chloroquine treated (+) and untreated (-) HeLa lysates in 1x Laemmli sample buffer (NBP2-49689) were separated on a 4-15% gel by SDS-PAGE, transferred to 0.2 um PVDF membrane and blocked in 5% non-fat milk in TBST. The membrane was probed with 1 ug/ml monoclonal anti-LC3 (NBP2--46892) and detected with an anti-rabbit secondary antibody using chemiluminescence.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/HeLa-Chloroquine-Treated---Untreated-Cell-Lysate-Western-Blot-NBP2-49689-img0002.jpg)
![Western Blot: HeLa Chloroquine Treated / Untreated Cell Lysate [NBP2-49689] - Human Cervical carcinoma cells (HeLa) were treated with (+) and without (-) 50 uM Chloroquine overnight. Whole cell protein lysates were prepared in 1x Laemmli sample buffer and approximately 10 ug of each lysate (NBP2-49689) was separated on a 4-15% gel by SDS-PAGE, transferred to 0.2 um PVDF membrane and blocked in 5% non-fat milk in TBST. The membrane was probed with 1 ug/ml anti-LC3 (NB100-2220) and 1 ug/ml anti-alpha tubulin (NB100-690) as a loading control, and detected with the appropriate secondary antibodies using chemiluminescence.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/HeLa-Chloroquine-Treated---Untreated-Cell-Lysate-Western-Blot-NBP2-49689-img0003.jpg)
![Western Blot: HeLa Chloroquine Treated / Untreated Cell Lysate [NBP2-49689] - HeLa cells were treated with vehicle (-) or with 50 uM chloriquine (+) for 24 hours and the total cell lysates were prepared. The lysates were separated on a 12% gel by SDS-PAGE. Protein was transferred to PVDF mebbrane and blocked in 5% non-fat milk. The membrane was then probed with 1 ug/ml of p62/SQSTM1 antibody (NBP1-48320) in 1% milk and dectected with an anti-rabbit HRP secondary antibody using chemiluminescence. Note the upregulation of p62 (arrowhead) in response to chloroquine treatment and the blockage of autophagy.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/HeLa-Chloroquine-Treated---Untreated-Cell-Lysate-Western-Blot-NBP2-49689-img0004.jpg)
![Western Blot: TOR/mTOR [p Ser2448] Antibody [NB600-607] - Affinity Purified TOR/TOR/mTOR [p Ser2448] antibody is shown to detect a 250 kDa band (indicated) corresponding to phosphorylated human TOR/mTOR present in a 293T whole cell lysates. Cells were serum-starved for 24 hours prior to harvest. ~20 ug of lysate was loaded per lane for SDS-PAGE. Untreated cells are shown in lane 1, whereas cells in lane 2 were treated with IGF-1 (100 ng/ml) for 20 min prior to harvest. Follow reaction of antibody with a 1:2000 dilution of HRP Goat-a-Rabbit IgG for visualization.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/TOR-mTOR-[p-Ser2448]-Antibody-Western-Blot-NB600-607-img0010.jpg "Western Blot: TOR/mTOR [p Ser2448] Antibody [NB600-607] - Affinity Purified TOR/TOR/mTOR [p Ser2448] antibody is shown to detect a 250 kDa band (indicated) corresponding to phosphorylated human TOR/mTOR present in a 293T whole cell lysates. Cells were serum-starved for 24 hours prior to harvest. ~20 ug of lysate was loaded per lane for SDS-PAGE. Untreated cells are shown in lane 1, whereas cells in lane 2 were treated with IGF-1 (100 ng/ml) for 20 min prior to harvest. Follow reaction of antibody with a 1:2000 dilution of HRP Goat-a-Rabbit IgG for visualization.")
![Immunohistochemistry: TOR/mTOR [p Ser2448] Antibody [NB600-607] - affinity purified TOR/TOR/mTOR [p Ser2448] antibody was used at 5 ug/ml to detect signal in a variety of tissues including multi-human, multi-brain and multi-cancer slides. This image shows moderate staining of proximal convoluted tubules of the kidney (40X). Tissue was formalin-fixed and paraffin embedded. The image shows localization of the antibody as the precipitated red signal, with a hematoxylin purple nuclear counterstain.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/TOR-mTOR-[p-Ser2448]-Antibody-Immunohistochemistry-NB600-607-img0011.jpg)
![<b>Biological Strategies Validation. </b>Western Blot: TOR/mTOR [p Ser2448] Antibody [NB600-607] - Rapamycin reduces mTOR phosphorylation induced by TII. Whole-cell lysates were prepared from astrocytes activated with TII for 2 h. 10 nM Rapamycin was added at the beginning of the experiment and equal amounts of protein were analyzed by western blot for phosphorylated mTOR kinase (p-mTOR) (upper gel) and consequently for beta-actin (lower gel). Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//jneuroinflammation.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1742-2094-8-1), licensed under a CC-BY license.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/TOR-mTOR-[p-Ser2448]-Antibody-Western-Blot-NB600-607-img0006.jpg)
![Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: TOR/mTOR [p Ser2448] Antibody [NB600-607] - Brown arrow= IBa1 positive cells, Green arrow= mTOR positive cells, Black arrow= mTOR and IBA1 positive cells. IHC-P Image submitted by a verified customer review.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/TOR-mTOR-[p-Ser2448]-Antibody-Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin-NB600-607-img0005.jpg)
![TOR/mTOR [p Ser2448] Antibody [NB600-607]](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/TOR-mTOR-[p-Ser2448]-Antibody-N-A-NB600-607-img0008.jpg)
![ELISA: TOR/mTOR [p Ser2448] Antibody [NB600-607] - ELISA Results of TOR/TOR/mTOR [p Ser2448] antibody tested against BSA-conjugated non-phospho [purple line] and phospho [blue line] forms of immunizing peptide. Each well was coated in duplicate with either 0.1ug of conjugate. The working dilution is 1:37,000. The starting dilution of antibody was 5ug/ml and the X-axis represents the Log10 of a 3-fold dilution. This titration is a 4-parameter curve fit where the IC50 is defined as the titer of the antibody. Assay performed using HRP conjugate stabilizer, Goat Anti-Rabbit HRP conjugated and TMB substrate.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/TOR-mTOR-[p-Ser2448]-Antibody-ELISA-NB600-607-img0012.jpg)
![Western Blot: HeLa Hypoxic / Normoxic Tissue Lysate [NBP2-36452] - Western blot analysis of HIF-1 alpha antibody (NB100-134) in HeLa hypoxic and normoxic lysates (NBP2-36452). Tubulin loading control is shown below.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/HeLa-Hypoxic---Normoxic-Tissue-Lysate-Western-Blot-NBP2-36452-img0002.jpg "Western Blot: HeLa Hypoxic / Normoxic Tissue Lysate [NBP2-36452] - Western blot analysis of HIF-1 alpha antibody (NB100-134) in HeLa hypoxic and normoxic lysates (NBP2-36452). Tubulin loading control is shown below.")
![Western Blot: LC3A Antibody [NBP1-78964] - Analysis of LC3I in Neuro2A cell lysate.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/LC3A-Antibody-Western-Blot-NBP1-78964-img0015.jpg "Western Blot: LC3A Antibody [NBP1-78964] - Analysis of LC3I in Neuro2A cell lysate.")
![Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence: LC3A Antibody [NBP1-78964] - IF Confocal analysis of A549 cells using LC3I antibody (NBP1-78964, 1:5). An Alexa Fluor 488-conjugated Goat to rabbit IgG was used as secondary antibody (green). Actin filaments were labeled with Alexa Fluor 568 phalloidin (red). DAPI was used to stain the cell nuclei (blue).](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/LC3A-Antibody-Immunocytochemistry-Immunofluorescence-NBP1-78964-img0017.jpg)
![Immunohistochemistry: LC3A Antibody [NBP1-78964] - Analysis of LC3I in mouse testis using DAB with hematoxylin counterstain.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/LC3A-Antibody-Immunohistochemistry-NBP1-78964-img0016.jpg)
![Western Blot: TOR/mTOR Antibody [NB100-240] - Whole cell lysate (50 ug) from HeLa, HEK293T, Jurkat, Hep-G2, and LNCaP cells prepared using NETN lysis buffer. Antibody: Affinity purified rabbit anti-mTOR antibody used for WB at 0.1 ug/ml. Detection: Chemiluminescence with an exposure time of 3 minutes.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/TOR-mTOR-Antibody-Western-Blot-NB100-240-img0016.jpg "Western Blot: TOR/mTOR Antibody [NB100-240] - Whole cell lysate (50 ug) from HeLa, HEK293T, Jurkat, Hep-G2, and LNCaP cells prepared using NETN lysis buffer. Antibody: Affinity purified rabbit anti-mTOR antibody used for WB at 0.1 ug/ml. Detection: Chemiluminescence with an exposure time of 3 minutes.")
![<b>Independent Antibodies Validation. </b>Immunoprecipitation: TOR/mTOR Antibody [NB100-240] - Detection of human mTOR by western blot of immunoprecipitates. Samples: Whole cell lysate (1 mg for IP; 20% of IP loaded) from HeLa cells prepared using NETN lysis buffer. Antibodies: Affinity purified rabbit anti-mTOR antibody NB100-240 used for IP at 3 ug per reaction. mTOR was also immunoprecipitated by rabbit anti-mTOR antibody NB100-241. For blotting immunoprecipitated mTOR, NB100-240 was used at 1 ug/ml. Detection: Chemiluminescence with an exposure time of 3 minutes.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/TOR-mTOR-Antibody-Immunoprecipitation-NB100-240-img0015.jpg)
![Knockout Validated: LC3B Antibody (1251D) [NBP2-59800] - HeLa human cervical epithelial carcinoma parental cell line and LC3B knockout HeLa cell line (KO) untreated (-) or treated (+) with 50 uM Chloroquine for 18 hrs. PVDF membrane was probed with 0.1 ug/mL of Rabbit Anti-LC3B Monoclonal Antibody (1251D) [Catalog# NBP2-59800] followed by HRP-conjugated Anti-Rabbit IgG Secondary Antibody (Catalog# HAF008). A specific band was detected for LC3B at approximately 15 kDa (as indicated) in the parental HeLa cell line, but is not detectable in the knockout HeLa cell line. GAPDH (Catalog # AF5718) is shown as a loading control. This experiment was conducted under reducing conditions.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/LC3B-Antibody-1251D-Knockout-Validated-NBP2-59800-img0005.jpg "<b>Genetic Strategies Validation. </b>Knockout Validated: LC3B Antibody (1251D) [NBP2-59800] - HeLa human cervical epithelial carcinoma parental cell line and LC3B knockout HeLa cell line (KO) untreated (-) or treated (+) with 50 uM Chloroquine for 18 hrs. PVDF membrane was probed with 0.1 ug/mL of Rabbit Anti-LC3B Monoclonal Antibody (1251D) [Catalog# NBP2-59800] followed by HRP-conjugated Anti-Rabbit IgG Secondary Antibody (Catalog# HAF008). A specific band was detected for LC3B at approximately 15 kDa (as indicated) in the parental HeLa cell line, but is not detectable in the knockout HeLa cell line. GAPDH (Catalog # AF5718) is shown as a loading control. This experiment was conducted under reducing conditions.")
![<b>Biological Strategies Validation and Genetic Strategies Validation.</b>Western Blot: LC3B Antibody (1251D) [NBP2-59800] - Total protein from HeLa and Neuro2A cells treated with or without 50 uM chloroquine for 24 hrs was separated on a 4-15% gel by SDS-PAGE, transferred to 0.2 um PVDF (Polyvinylidene difluoride) membrane and blocked in 5% non-fat milk in TBST (Tris-buffered saline, 0.1% Tween 20). The membrane was probed with 2.0 ug/ml anti-LC3B Antibody (1251d) [Catalog # NBP2-59800] in blocking buffer and detected with an anti-rabbit HRP secondary antibody using chemiluminescence. Note the detection of LC3I and LC3II at a molecular weight of approximately 15 kDa.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/LC3B-Antibody-1251D-Western-Blot-NBP2-59800-img0004.jpg)
![Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence: LC3B Antibody (1251D) [NBP2-59800] - HeLa cells were treated with 50uM CQ (Chloroquine) overnight, fixed for 10 minutes using 10% formalin and then permeabilized for 5 minutes using 1X TBS + 0.5% Triton X-100. The cells were incubated with anti-LC3B (1251d) [Catalog # NBP2-59800] at 5 ug/ml overnight at 4C and detected with an anti-mouse DyLight 488 (Green) at a 1:500 dilution. Actin was detected with Phalloidin 568 (Red) at a 1:200 dilution. Nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (Blue). Cells were imaged using a 40X objective.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/LC3B-Antibody-1251D-Immunocytochemistry-Immunofluorescence-NBP2-59800-img0003.jpg)
![Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: LC3B Antibody (1251D) [NBP2-59800] - Analysis of a FFPE (Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded) tissue section of mouse brain using anti-LC3B antibody (clone 1251D) [Catalog # NBP2-59800] at 5ug/ml concentration (1:200 dilution). The primary antibody binding to LC3 in cells was detected using HRP conjugated anti-Rabbit secondary antibody with DAB (3,3'Diaminobenzidine) reagent, and the sections were further counterstained with hematoxylin for labeling cellular nuclei. This LC3 antibody generated a diffused staining in all cell types (except the endothelial cells of blood vessels) and the signal was strongest in a subset of neuronal cells.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/LC3B-Antibody-1251D-Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin-NBP2-59800-img0023.jpg)
![<b>Biological Strategies Validation. </b>Flow (Intracellular): LC3B Antibody (1251D) [NBP2-59800] - HeLa cells were either (A) untreated or (B) treated with 50uM chloroquine for 24 hrs. An intracellular stain was performed with anti-LC3B (1251D) antibody [Catalog # NBP2-59800] (blue) and a matched isotype control [Catalog # MAB1050] (orange). Cells were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde, following fixation, cells were permeabilized with 0.1% saponin. Cells were incubated in an antibody dilution of 1 ug/mL for 30 minutes at room temperature, followed by rabbit IgG APC-conjugated secondary antibody (F0111, R&D Systems).](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/LC3B-Antibody-1251D-Flow-Intracellular-NBP2-59800-img0022.jpg)
![<b>Biological Strategies Validation. </b>Simple Western: LC3B Antibody (1251D) [NBP2-59800] - Lane view shows lysates of NIH-3T3 mouse embryonic fibroblast cell line untreated (-) or treated (+) with 50 uM Chloroquine for 18 hrs, loaded at 0.2 mg/ml. A specific band was detected for LC3B at approximately 17 kDa (as indicated) using 5 ug/mL of Rabbit Anti-Human LC3B Monoclonal Antibody (1251D) [Catalog# NBP2-59800]. This experiment was conducted under reducing conditions and using the 12-230 kDa separation system.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/LC3B-Antibody-1251D-Simple-Western-NBP2-59800-img0021.jpg)