Calreticulin Antibody

Calreticulin, also called CALR, is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) protein that functions as a calcium (Ca2+) buffering molecular chaperone (1-3). Together with calnexin and ERp57, calreticulin has a critical role in protein folding and quality control of newly synthesized glycoproteins (1-3). Calreticulin has many diverse functions beyond Ca2+ binding, including cell adhesion, lectin binding, apoptosis, nuclear transport, antigen presentation, and immune response (1-3). Specifically, calreticulin is part of the peptide-loading complex that resides on the ER membrane and is responsible for antigen loading onto MHC class I molecules (1-3). Calreticulin protein has a theoretical molecular weight of 46 kDa and is 417 amino acids (aa) in length (1-3). The protein has three main domains: the N-terminal lectin-like domain, the proline-rich P-domain, and the acidic C-domain which is followed by an ER-retention KDEL signal sequence (1-3).

Given its role in multiple biological processes, it makes sense that calreticulin is implicated in both healthy and disease states. Studies have found that calreticulin mutations were present in patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms (MFN) and essential thrombocythaemia (ET) (4). Calreticulin expression is typically upregulated in most cancer lines, however it is downregulated in some tissues including cervical carcinomas, prostate cancer, and human colon adenocarcinoma (3). High expression of calreticulin on cancer cells is related to tumor cell phagocytosis and is often correlated with, and counteracted by, elevated CD47 expression to prevent cancer cell phagocytosis (3). Calreticulin mutations can serve as a major diagnostic biomarker for MFN and ET and additionally the calreticulin gene may be a potential target for cancer therapeutics (3,4).

References

1. Michalak, M., Groenendyk, J., Szabo, E., Gold, L. I., & Opas, M. (2009). Calreticulin, a multi-process calcium-buffering chaperone of the endoplasmic reticulum. The Biochemical Journal. https://doi.org/10.1042/BJ20081847

2. Fucikova, J., Spisek, R., Kroemer, G., & Galluzzi, L. (2021). Calreticulin and cancer. Cell Research. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41422-020-0383-9

3. Sun, J., Mu, H., Dai, K., & Yi, L. (2017). Calreticulin: a potential anti-cancer therapeutic target. Die Pharmazie. https://doi.org/10.1691/ph.2017.7031

4. Prins, D., Gonzalez Arias, C., Klampfl, T., Grinfeld, J., & Green, A. R. (2020). Mutant Calreticulin in the Myeloproliferative Neoplasms. HemaSphere. https://doi.org/10.1097/HS9.0000000000000333

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.

We have publications tested in 2 confirmed species: Human, Mouse.

We have publications tested in 3 applications: IHC-Fr, IHC-P, WB.

Showing Publications 1 - 9 of 9.

Publications using NB600-103	Applications	Species
Lou J, Aragaki M, Bernards N Et al. Repeated porphyrin lipoprotein-based photodynamic therapy controls distant disease in mouse mesothelioma via the abscopal effect Nanophotonics 2021-08-02 [PMID: 36405502] (IHC-P, Mouse)	IHC-P	Mouse
Xie YX, Naseri NN, Fels J et al. Lysosomal exocytosis releases pathogenic alpha-synuclein species from neurons in synucleinopathy models Nature communications 2022-08-22 [PMID: 35995799] (WB, Mouse)	WB	Mouse
Elodie A. Pérès, Jérôme Toutain, Louis-Paul Paty, Didier Divoux, Méziane Ibazizène, Stéphane Guillouet, Louisa Barré, Aurélien Vidal, Michel Cherel, Mickaël Bourgeois, Myriam Bernaudin, Samuel Valable 64 Cu-ATSM/ 64 Cu-Cl 2 and their relationship to hypoxia in glioblastoma: a preclinical study EJNMMI Research 2019-12-19 [PMID: 31858290]
You, D;Wen, X;Gorczyca, L;Morris, A;Richardson, JR;Aleksunes, LM; Increased MDR1 Transporter Expression in Human Brain Endothelial Cells Through Enhanced Histone Acetylation and Activation of Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Signaling Mol. Neurobiol. 2019-04-08 [PMID: 30963442]
Soltic D, Bowerman M, Stock J et al. Multi-Study Proteomic and Bioinformatic Identification of Molecular Overlap between Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) and Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) Brain Sci 2018-12-04 [PMID: 30518112] (WB, Mouse)	WB	Mouse
Chavez-Valdez R, Flock DL, Martin LJ, Northington FJ. Endoplasmic reticulum pathology and stress response in neurons precede programmed necrosis after neonatal hypoxia-ischemia. Int. J. Dev. Neurosci. 2015-11-28 [PMID: 26643212] (IHC-Fr, Mouse)	IHC-Fr	Mouse
Varjak M, Saul S, Arike L et al. Magnetic Fractionation and Proteomic Dissection of Cellular Organelles Occupied by the Late Replication Complexes of Semliki Forest Virus. J Virol 2013-09-01 [PMID: 23864636] (WB, Human)	WB	Human
Leslie EM et al. Differential inhibition of rat and human Na+-dependent taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide (NTCP/SLC10A1)by bosentan: a mechanism for species differences in hepatotoxicity. J Pharmacol Exp Ther321(3):1170-8. 2007-06-01 [PMID: 17374746]
Nurden P et al. Impaired megakaryocytopoiesis in type 2B von Willebrand disease with severe thrombocytopenia. Blood108(8):2587-95. 2006-10-15 [PMID: 16720832] (WB, Human)	WB	Human

Images	Ratings	Applications	Species	Date	Details
Enlarge	4 reviewed by: Verified Customer	WB	Mouse	01/07/2019	View Summary Application Western Blot Sample Tested Spinal cord Species Mouse Lot A Comments Comments Whole spinal cord extracts, 30 ug of protein loaded. Primary antibody: 1/500, one hour secondary antibody: 1/1000, one hour
Enlarge	5 reviewed by: Bryan Tinsley	ICC	Mouse	06/11/2014	View Summary Application Immunocytochemistry Species Mouse
Enlarge	5 reviewed by: Bryan Tinsley	WB	Human	06/11/2014	View Summary Application Western Blot Species Human

Array NB600-103

• Calreticulin Antibodies
• Calreticulin ELISA Kits
• Calreticulin Lysate
• Calreticulin Protein