Rhodopsin Antibody (B630)

Rhodopsin is the protein in the mammalian retina responsible for the light sensitivity of rod cells, which are responsible for vision in low light levels. Somewhat surprisingly, the Rhodopsin protein turned out to be a typical member of the seven transmembrane G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) superfamily. Whereas other GPCRs initiate signaling on binding a specific ligand, Rhodopsin exists with a ligand already bound, specifically the vitamin A related substance retinal. Retinal can exist in two isomeric forms, 11-cis and 11-trans retinal. In the dark Rhodopsin is associated with 11-cis retinal, but photons cause the 11-cis form to flip to the 11-trans form, and this causes an alteration in the structure of the Rhodopsin making it catalytically active. Activated Rhodopsin in turn activates the GTP binding protein transducin by favoring the loss of GDP and the addition of GTP. Transducin is a typical member of the family of heterotrimeric G proteins, and consists of an alpha and a beta gamma subunit. The alpha subunit is responsible for the GTP binding and the GTP bound form activates a phosphodiesterase (PDE) enzyme which hydrolysescyclic GMP. This in turn results in the closure of cyclic nucleotide gated ion channels in the rod cell membrane, which prevent the influx of sodium and calcium ions. This results in an increase in the membrane potential of the rod cell and so reduces the rate of synaptic signaling. So light stimulation results in a reduced rate of photoreceptor synaptic release. This information is transmitted through neurons of the retina to the visual centers of the brain. Rhodopsin activity is shut off by phosphorylation under the influence of Rhodopsin kinase, the activity of which results in binding of visual arrestin, which prevents Rhodopsin from interacting with and activating more transducin molecules. This basic signaling paradigm proved to be a prototype for understanding how other GPCRs function, as proteins similar to transducin, arrestin and rhodopsin kinase are found in these pathways.

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.

We have publications tested in 3 confirmed species: Human, Mouse, Canine.

We have publications tested in 6 applications: Func, ICC/IF, IHC, IHC-Fr, IHC-WhMt, WB.

Showing Publications 1 - 9 of 9.

Publications using NBP2-25160	Applications	Species
Chen C, Rong Y, Zhuang Y et al. RNA-Seq Analysis Reveals an Essential Role of the cGMP-PKG-MAPK Pathways in Retinal Degeneration Caused by Cep250 Deficiency International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2023-05-16 [PMID: 37240188] (IHC, Func)	IHC, Func
Vargas JA, Finnemann SC Differences in Diurnal Rhythm of Rod Outer Segment Renewal between 129T2/SvEmsJ and C57BL/6J Mice International journal of molecular sciences 2022-08-22 [PMID: 36012733] (IHC-WhMt, Mouse)	IHC-WhMt	Mouse
Li M, Xu J, Wang Y et al. Astragaloside A Protects Against Photoreceptor Degeneration in Part Through Suppressing Oxidative Stress and DNA Damage-Induced Necroptosis and Inflammation in the Retina Journal of Inflammation Research 2022-05-20 [PMID: 35645574] (IHC, IHC-Fr)	IHC, IHC-Fr
Chen C, Liu Q, Rong Y et al. ZC3H11A mutations cause high myopia by triggering PI3K-AKT and NF-?B mediated inflammatory reactions in humans and mice bioRxiv 2023-08-30 (IHC, Mouse)	IHC	Mouse
Mao Y, Finnemann SC Acute RhoA/Rho Kinase Inhibition Is Sufficient to Restore Phagocytic Capacity to Retinal Pigment Epithelium Lacking the Engulfment Receptor MerTK Cells 2021-07-29 [PMID: 34440696]
Saumil Sethna, Patrick A. Scott, Arnaud P. J. Giese, Todd Duncan, Xiaoying Jian, Sheikh Riazuddin, Paul A. Randazzo, T. Michael Redmond, Steven L. Bernstein, Saima Riazuddin, Zubair M. Ahmed CIB2 regulates mTORC1 signaling and is essential for autophagy and visual function Nature Communications 2021-06-23 [PMID: 34162842]
Bullock J, Polato F, Abu-Asab M et al. Degradation of Photoreceptor Outer Segments by the Retinal Pigment Epithelium Requires Pigment Epithelium-Derived Factor Receptor (PEDF-R) Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 2021-02-01 [PMID: 33605986] (WB, Human)	WB	Human
MAkelAinen S, Hellsand M, van der Heiden A et al. Deletion in the Bardet-Biedl Syndrome Gene TTC8 Results in a Syndromic Retinal Degeneration in Dogs Genes (Basel) 2020-09-23 [PMID: 32962042]
Makelainen, S;Godia, M;Hellsand, M;Viluma, A;Hahn, D;Makdoumi, K;Zeiss, CJ;Mellersh, C;Ricketts, SL;Narfstrom, K;Hallbook, F;Ekesten, B;Andersson, G;Bergstrom, TF; An ABCA4 loss-of-function mutation causes a canine form of Stargardt disease PLoS Genet. 2019-03-01 [PMID: 30889179] (ICC/IF, WB, Canine)	ICC/IF, WB	Canine

Array NBP2-25160

• Rhodopsin Antibodies
• Rhodopsin Lysate
• Rhodopsin Protein