Measured by its ability to trap trypsin. The trapped trypsin is no longer able to interact with protein substrates or inhibitors, but still able to cleave small peptide substrates or inhibitors. Human alpha 2-Macroglobulin has an IC50 value of <5 nM, as measured under the described conditions.
Source
Human plasma-derived alpha 2-Macroglobulin protein The human plasma used for the isolation of this product was certified by the supplier to be HIV-1 and HBsAg negative at the time of shipment. Human blood products should always be treated in accordance with universal handling precautions.
N-terminal Sequence
Ser24
Structure / Form
Disulfide-linked homo-oligomer
Protein/Peptide Type
Natural Enzymes
Gene
A2M
Purity
>90%, by SDS-PAGE visualized with Silver Staining and quantitative densitometry by Coomassie® Blue Staining.
Endotoxin Note
<1.0 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.
Applications/Dilutions
Dilutions
Inhibition Activity
SDS-PAGE
90-170 kDa, reducing conditions
Publications
Read Publications using 1938-PI in the following applications:
Fluorescent Plate Reader (Model: SpectraMax Gemini EM by Molecular Devices) or equivalent
Dilute rhTrypsin 3 to 1.28 µg/mL with Assay Buffer.
Prepare a curve of h alpha 2-Macroglobulin with Assay Buffer. Dilute h alpha 2-Macroglobulin (MW: 720000 Da) to the following concentrations: 200 nM, 100 nM, 50 nM, 25 nM, 12.5 nM, 6.25 nM, 3.125 nM, and 0.3125 nM.
Combine 30 µL of h alpha 2-Macroglobulin curve with 30 µL of 1.28 µg/mL rhTrypsin 3. Include a control containing 30 µL of Assay Buffer with 30 µL of rhTrypsin 3 in duplicate. Also include a h alpha 2-Macroglobulin control in duplicate for each sample tested containing 30 µL of 200 nM h alpha 2-Macroglobulin and 30 µL Assay Buffer.
Incubate at 37 °C for 1 hour.
Dilute rhSerpin F2 to 40 µg/mL with Assay Buffer.
Add 60 µL of 40 µg/mL rhSerpin F2 to each reaction.
Incubate at 37 °C for 15 minutes.
Dilute Substrate to 20 µM in Assay Buffer.
Load into plate 50 µL of h alpha 2-Macroglobulin curve containing rhTrypsin 3 and rhSerpin F2, and start the reaction by adding 50 µL of 20 µM Substrate to each well.
Read at excitation and emission wavelengths of 320 nm and 405 nm (top read), respectively, in kinetic mode for 5 minutes.
Derive the 50% inhibiting concentration (IC50) of h alpha 2-Macroglobulin, by its trapping of rhTrypsin 3, toward rhSerpin F2 activity by plotting RFU/min (or specific activity) vs. concentration (h alpha 2-Macroglobulin) with 4-PL fitting.
The specific activity for rhTrypsin 3 at each point may be determined using the following formula (if needed):
Specific Activity (pmol/min/µg) =
Adjusted Vmax* (RFU/min) x Conversion Factor** (pmol/RFU)
amount of enzyme (µg)
*Adjusted for h alpha 2-Macroglobulin control
**Derived using calibration MCA-Pro-Leu-OH (Bachem, Catalog # M-1975).
Per Well:
h alpha 2-Macroglobulin: 25, 12.5, 6.25, 3.125, 1.563, 0.781, 0.391, and 0.0391 nM
rhTrypsin 3: 0.016 µg
rhSerpin F2: 1 µg
Substrate: 10 µM
Notes
This product is produced by and ships from R&D Systems, Inc., a Bio-Techne brand.
Alternate Names for Human alpha 2-Macroglobulin Protein, CF
A2M
alpha 2Macroglobulin
alpha 2-Macroglobulin
alpha-2-M
alpha-2-macroglobulin
C3 and PZP-like alpha-2-macroglobulin domain-containing protein 5
CPAMD5
CPAMD5DKFZp779B086
FWP007
S863-7
Background
Human alpha 2-macroglobulin (h alpha 2M) is a serum glycoprotein that has sequence similarity to other members of the alpha 2M family including complement components C3, C4 and C5 (1). alpha 2M is synthesized as a polypeptide of 1474 amino acids with a signal peptide (23 residues) (2). The mature protein is a tetramer (720 kDa) of 4 identical subunits (180 kDa), which form two disulfide bond-linked dimers. As a general and irreversible protease inhibitor implicated in many processes, alpha 2M is able to inhibit all four classes of proteases by a unique trapping mechanism. The bait region of h alpha 2M (residues 690‑728) contains specific cleavage sites for different proteases. The cleavage of the bait region by a protease induces a conformation change in alpha 2M, which then traps and forms a covalent bond with the protease. The trapped protease remains active against small peptide substrates but loses its ability to interact with large protein substrates or inhibitors.
Sottrup-Jensen, L. et al. (1985) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 82:9.
Kan, C.C. et al. (1985) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 82:2282.
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