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Mouse CTLA-4 ELISA Kit (Colorimetric)

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ELISA: Mouse CTLA-4 ELISA Kit (Colorimetric) [NBP3-06829] - Samples were spiked with high concentrations of Mouse CTLA-4 and diluted with Reference Standard & Sample Diluent to produce samples with values within the ...read more

Product Details

Summary
Reactivity MuSpecies Glossary
Applications ELISA
Suitable Sample Type
Serum, plasma, cell supernatant, and other biological fluids
Standard Curve Range
125 - 8000 pg/mL
Sensitivity
75 pg/mL

Order Details

  • Size / Catalog#QtyPrice
    NBP3-27012AF647
    0.1 ml
    $599.00
    2-4 Business Days
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Mouse CTLA-4 ELISA Kit (Colorimetric) Summary

Specificity
This kit recognizes Mouse CTLA-4 in samples. No significant cross-reactivity or interference between Mouse CTLA-4 and analogues was observed.
Standard Curve Range
125 - 8000 pg/mL
Sensitivity
75 pg/mL
Assay Type
Sandwich-ELISA
Inter-Assay
4.91
Intra-Assay
5.39
Spike Recovery
85 - 105 %
Sample Volume
100 ul
Kit Type
ELISA Kit (Colorimetric)
Gene
CTLA4

Applications/Dilutions

Dilutions
  • ELISA
  • Sandwich ELISA

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

Storage
Storage of components varies. See protocol for specific instructions.

Kit Components

Components
  1. Biotinylated Detection Ab Diluent
  2. Concentrated Biotinylated Detection Ab (100x)
  3. Concentrated HRP Conjugate (100x)
  4. Concentrated Wash Buffer (25x)
  5. HRP Conjugate Diluent
  6. Micro ELISA Plate (Dismountable)
  7. Plate Sealer
  8. Product Manual
  9. Reference Standard
  10. Sample Diluent
  11. Stop Solution
  12. Substrate Reagent

Alternate Names for Mouse CTLA-4 ELISA Kit (Colorimetric)

  • CD
  • CD152 antigen
  • CD152
  • CD152IDDM12
  • CD28
  • celiac disease 3
  • CELIAC3
  • CTLA4
  • CTLA-4
  • cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4
  • cytotoxic T-lymphocyte protein 4
  • Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4
  • cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4
  • cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated serine esterase-4
  • GRD4
  • GSE
  • ICOS
  • ligand and transmembrane spliced cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated antigen 4

Background

Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Antigen 4 (CTLA-4), also known as CD152, is a cell surface glycoprotein belonging to the immunoglobulin family with a role in regulation of T cell activation (1). Human CTLA-4 is a 223 amino acid (aa) protein with a theoretical molecular weight of 24.6 kDa containing a leader peptide, a IgV-like domain, a transmembrane domain, and a cytoplasmic tail (1,2). CTLA-4 is both structurally and functionally related with another member of the immunoglobulin-related receptor family, CD28 (1-3). CTLA-4 and CD28 receptors are both expressed by CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and share two common ligands, CD80 (B7.1) and CD86 (B7.2), expressed on the surface of antigen presenting cells (APCs) (2,3). While CD28 is present on the plasma membrane of T cells, CTLA-4 is predominantly expressed intracellularly on vesicles in FoxP3+ regulatory T (Treg) cells and activated T cells due to endocytosis (3). While they share ligands, the two receptors have opposing functions in T cell activation; CD28 is involved in activation of T cells, while CTLA-4 functions as a negative regulator of T cell response (2,3). One of the primary functions of CTLA-4 is preventing autoimmunity (1-4).

Similar to programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), CTLA-4 is an inhibitory immune checkpoint protein (3,5). Checkpoint blockade immunotherapy using drugs or antibodies to target CTLA-4 is one of the main approaches for cancer treatment (5). A number of drugs targeting CTLA-4, or a combination of CTLA-4/PD-1, have been approved for treatment of various cancers like melanoma, renal cell carcinoma, and colorectal cancer (5). While blocking CTLA-4 in the tumor microenvironment is a promising cancer therapeutic, the absence of CTLA-4 under normal conditions can have deleterious effects. Studies have found that patients with CTLA-4 deficiency or mutations have clinical features associated with autoimmunity and immune dysregulation (4). Treatment options for CTLA-4 deficiency includes immunoglobulin-replacement therapy, corticosteroids, CTLA-4-immunoglobulin (Ig) fusion protein, and, in life-threatening cases, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (4,6). Additionally, engaging CD80/CD86 with CTLA-4-Ig is a common immunosuppressive treatment for rheumatoid arthritis and kidney transplant recipients (6).

References

1. Romo-Tena, J., Gomez-Martin, D., & Alcocer-Varela, J. (2013). CTLA-4 and autoimmunity: new insights into the dual regulator of tolerance. Autoimmunity reviews, 12(12), 1171-1176. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autrev.2013.07.002

2. Hosseini, A., Gharibi, T., Marofi, F., Babaloo, Z., & Baradaran, B. (2020). CTLA-4: From mechanism to autoimmune therapy. International immunopharmacology, 80, 106221. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106221

3. Rowshanravan, B., Halliday, N., & Sansom, D. M. (2018). CTLA-4: a moving target in immunotherapy. Blood, 131(1), 58-67. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2017-06-741033

4. Verma, N., Burns, S. O., Walker, L., & Sansom, D. M. (2017). Immune deficiency and autoimmunity in patients with CTLA-4 (CD152) mutations. Clinical and experimental immunology, 190(1), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1111/cei.12997

5. Rotte A. (2019). Combination of CTLA-4 and PD-1 blockers for treatment of cancer. Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR, 38(1), 255. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13046-019-1259-z

6. Bluestone, J. A., St Clair, E. W., & Turka, L. A. (2006). CTLA4Ig: bridging the basic immunology with clinical application. Immunity, 24(3), 233-238. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2006.03.001

Limitations

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. ELISA Kits are guaranteed for 6 months from date of receipt.

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Bioinformatics

Gene Symbol CTLA4