Rhodopsin Antibody (A531)

Rhodopsin is the protein in the mammalian retina responsible for the light sensitivity of rod cells, which are responsible for vision in low light levels. Somewhat surprisingly, the Rhodopsin protein turned out to be a typical member of the seven transmembrane G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) superfamily. Whereas other GPCRs initiate signaling on binding a specific ligand, Rhodopsin exists with a ligand already bound, specifically the vitamin A related substance retinal. Retinal can exist in two isomeric forms, 11-cis and 11-trans retinal. In the dark Rhodopsin is associated with 11-cis retinal, but photons cause the 11-cis form to flip to the 11-trans form, and this causes an alteration in the structure of the Rhodopsin making it catalytically active. Activated Rhodopsin in turn activates the GTP binding protein transducin by favoring the loss of GDP and the addition of GTP. Transducin is a typical member of the family of heterotrimeric G proteins, and consists of an alpha and a beta gamma subunit. The alpha subunit is responsible for the GTP binding and the GTP bound form activates a phosphodiesterase (PDE) enzyme which hydrolysescyclic GMP. This in turn results in the closure of cyclic nucleotide gated ion channels in the rod cell membrane, which prevent the influx of sodium and calcium ions. This results in an increase in the membrane potential of the rod cell and so reduces the rate of synaptic signaling. So light stimulation results in a reduced rate of photoreceptor synaptic release. This information is transmitted through neurons of the retina to the visual centers of the brain. Rhodopsin activity is shut off by phosphorylation under the influence of Rhodopsin kinase, the activity of which results in binding of visual arrestin, which prevents Rhodopsin from interacting with and activating more transducin molecules. This basic signaling paradigm proved to be a prototype for understanding how other GPCRs function, as proteins similar to transducin, arrestin and rhodopsin kinase are found in these pathways.

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.

We have publications tested in 2 confirmed species: Human, Rat.

We have publications tested in 2 applications: ICC/IF, WB.

Showing Publications 1 - 3 of 3.

Publications using NBP2-25159	Applications	Species
Bullock J The Role of Pigment Epithelium-Derived Factor and Its Receptor in Retinal Cells Thesis 2020-01-01 (WB, Human)	WB	Human
Bullock J, Polato F, Abu-Asab M et al. Degradation of Photoreceptor Outer Segments by the Retinal Pigment Epithelium Requires Pigment Epithelium-Derived Factor Receptor (PEDF-R) Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 2021-02-01 [PMID: 33605986]
Li Y, He X, Li J et al. Proliferation and differentiation of direct co-culture of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and pigmented cells from the ciliary margin Mol Med Rep 2017-01-01 [PMID: 28440470] (ICC/IF, Rat)	ICC/IF	Rat

Array NBP2-25159

• Rhodopsin Antibodies
• Rhodopsin ELISA Kits
• Rhodopsin Lysate
• Rhodopsin Protein