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Recombinant Rhesus Macaque IL-18/IL-1F4 Protein, CF

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Recombinant Rhesus Macaque IL-18/IL-1F4 (Catalog # 2548-RM) induces IFN-gamma secretion by KG-1 human acute myelogenous leukemia cells in the presence of TNF-alpha. The ED50 for this effect is 1-4 ng/mL.

Product Details

Summary
Reactivity RMSpecies Glossary
Applications Bioactivity
Format
Carrier-Free

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Recombinant Rhesus Macaque IL-18/IL-1F4 Protein, CF Summary

Details of Functionality
Measured by its ability to induce IFN-gamma secretion by KG‑1 human acute myelogenous leukemia cells in the presence of TNF-alpha . The ED50 for this effect is 1-4 ng/mL in the presence of 20 ng/mL recombinant human TNF-alpha .
Source
E. coli-derived rhesus macaque IL-18/IL-1F4 protein
Tyr37-Asp193
Accession #
N-terminal Sequence
Tyr37
Protein/Peptide Type
Recombinant Proteins
Purity
>97%, by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions and visualized by silver stain.
Endotoxin Note
<1.0 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.

Applications/Dilutions

Dilutions
  • Bioactivity
Theoretical MW
18.2 kDa.
Disclaimer note: The observed molecular weight of the protein may vary from the listed predicted molecular weight due to post translational modifications, post translation cleavages, relative charges, and other experimental factors.

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

Storage
Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 6 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after opening.
Buffer
Supplied as a 0.2 μm filtered solution in Tris, NaCl, EDTA, TCEP and PEG 8000.
Purity
>97%, by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions and visualized by silver stain.
Reconstitution Instructions

It is recommended that sterile PBS be added to the vial to prepare a working stock solution of no less than 100 μg/mL. The carrier-free protein should be used immediately upon reconstitution to avoid losses in activity due to non-specific binding to the inside surface of the vial. For long term storage as a dilute solution, a carrier protein (e.g. 0.1% HSA or BSA) should be added to the vial.

Notes

This product is produced by and ships from R&D Systems, Inc., a Bio-Techne brand.

Alternate Names for Recombinant Rhesus Macaque IL-18/IL-1F4 Protein, CF

  • Iboctadekin
  • IFN-gamma-inducing factor
  • IGIF
  • IGIFIL-1 gamma
  • IL18
  • IL-18
  • IL-18MGC12320
  • IL-1F4
  • IL1F4iboctadekin
  • IL-1g
  • Interferon gamma-inducing factor
  • interleukin 18 (interferon-gamma-inducing factor)
  • Interleukin-1 gamma
  • interleukin-18

Background

Interleukin-18 (IL-18), also known as IL-1F4 and IFN-gamma inducing factor (IGIF), is a member of the IL-1 family of cytokines and is a key molecule in the innate immune response (1). Rhesus IL-18 is synthesized as a 24 kDa proprotein that contains a 36 amino acid (aa) propeptide and a 157 aa mature region (2). Under inflammatory conditions, the propeptide is cleaved by Caspase-1 in the cytoplasm to liberate the mature nonglycosylated 18 kDa monomeric IL-18 (3, 4). Mature rhesus IL-18 shares 96% aa sequence identity with human IL-18 and 60% - 76% with mouse, rat, canine, feline, and porcine IL-18. IL-18 is secreted by a variety of cell types including macrophages, dendritic cells, and epithelial cells (1, 5). Circulating mature IL-18 is sequestered by soluble IL-18 binding proteins (IL-18 BP) that inhibit IL-18 bioactivity (6). IL-18 interacts with the widely expressed IL-18 R alpha which then recruits the signaling subunit IL-18 R beta (7, 8). The IL-1 family member IL-1F7 also binds to IL-18 R alpha but does not recruit IL-18 R beta or induce signaling (9). IL-1F7 binds IL-18 BP and enhances its neutralizing effect on IL-18 activity (9). IL-18 synergizes with other cytokines to activate NK, Th1, and Th17 cells and to increase the production of IFN-gamma (1, 5, 10, 11, 12). IL-18 can also promote Th2 cytokine release which reduces the effectiveness of antiviral responses (13, 14). Increased levels of active IL-18 contribute to the severity of autoimmunity and hypertension, while deficiency of IL-18 results in symptoms of metabolic syndrome (1, 5, 15, 16). In cancer, IL-18 stimulates Th1 and NK cells to target tumor cells, but it can also promote angiogenesis, metastasis, and tumor cell immune evasion (11).
  1. Arend, W.P. et al. (2008) Immunol. Rev. 223:20.
  2. Giavedoni, L.D. et al. (2001) J. Interferon Cytokine Res. 21:173.
  3. Ghayur, T. et al. (1997) Nature 386:619.
  4. Gu, Y. et al. (1997) Science 275:206.
  5. Boraschi, D. and C.A. Dinarello (2006) Eur. Cytokine Netw. 17:224.
  6. Novick, D. et al. (1999) Immunity 10:127.
  7. Torigoe, K. et al. (1997) J. Biol. Chem. 272:25737.
  8. Born, T.L. et al. (1998) J. Biol. Chem. 273:29445.
  9. Bufler, P. et al. (2002) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 99:13723.
  10. Takeda, K. et al. (1998) Immunity 8:383.
  11. Park, S. et al. (2007) Cell. Mol. Immunol. 4:329.
  12. Yoshimoto, T. et al. (1998) J. Immunol. 161:3400.
  13. Hoshino, T. et al. (2001) J. Immunol. 166:7014.
  14. Iannello, A. et al. (2009) AIDS Rev. 11:115.
  15. Rabkin, S.W. (2009) Nat. Clin. Pract. Cardiovasc. Med. 6:192.
  16. Netea, M.G. et al. (2006) Nat. Med. 12:650.

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