Recombinant Rat IL-18/IL-1F4 Protein

This product is produced by and ships from R&D Systems, Inc., a Bio-Techne brand.

Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is a proinflammatory cytokine in the IL-1 family that exerts distinct immune effects depending on the local cytokine environment. It is expressed as a 24 kDa precursor by endothelial and epithelial cells, keratinocytes, gamma δ T cells, and phagocytes. The precursor is activated intracellularly by Caspase-1 mediated proteolysis to release the 17 kDa mature cytokine. The precursor can also be released by necrotic cells for extracellular cleavage by multiple proteases.
IL-18 activation is induced by infection or tissue damage and contributes to disease pathology in chronic inflammation (1-3). IL-18 binds to the widely expressed IL-18 R alpha which recruits IL-18 R beta to form the signaling receptor complex (4, 5). Its bioactivity is negatively regulated by interactions with IL-18 binding proteins and virally encoded IL-18BP homologs (6). In the presence of IL-12 or IL-15, IL-18 enhances anti-viral Th1 immune responses by inducing IFN-gamma production and the cytolytic activity of CD8⁺ T cells and NK cells (7, 8). In the absence of IL-12 or IL-15, however, IL-18 promotes production of the Th2 cytokines IL-4 and IL-13 by CD4⁺ T cells and basophils (9, 10). In the presence of IL-1 beta or IL-23, IL-18 induces the antigen-independent production of IL-17 by gamma δ T cells and CD4⁺ T cells (11). IL-18 also promotes myeloid dendritic cell maturation and triggers neutrophil respiratory burst (12, 13). In cancer, IL-18 exhibits diverse activities including enhancing anti-tumor immunity, inhibiting or promoting angiogenesis, and promoting tumor cell metastasis (14). Mature rat IL-18 shares 62% and 91% amino acid sequence identity with human and mouse IL-18, respectively (15). Alternative splicing generates an isoform with a 19 aa internal deletion.

We have publications tested in 2 confirmed species: Mouse, Rat.

We have publications tested in 5 applications: Bioassay, Cell Culture, ELISA (Standard), In Vivo, In vivo assay.

Showing Publications 1 - 10 of 14. Show All 14 Publications. Collapse Publications.

Publications using 521-RL	Applications	Species
Gaudino, SJ;Singh, A;Huang, H;Padiadpu, J;Jean-Pierre, M;Kempen, C;Bahadur, T;Shiomitsu, K;Blumberg, R;Shroyer, KR;Beyaz, S;Shulzhenko, N;Morgun, A;Kumar, P; Intestinal IL-22RA1 signaling regulates intrinsic and systemic lipid and glucose metabolism to alleviate obesity-associated disorders Nature communications 2024-02-21 [PMID: 38383607] (Bioassay, Mouse)	Bioassay	Mouse
Zhu, B;Niu, Y;Niu, L;Zhang, X;Liu, F; Exploring the application of sildenafil for high-fat diet-induced erectile dysfunction based on interleukin-18-mediated NLRP3/Caspase-1 signaling pathway Sexual medicine 2023-08-01 [PMID: 37636019] (In vivo assay, Rat)	In vivo assay	Rat
Lilley, RJ;Taylor, KD;Wildman, SSP;Peppiatt-Wildman, CM; Inflammatory mediators act at renal pericytes to elicit contraction of vasa recta and reduce pericyte density along the kidney medullary vascular network Frontiers in physiology 2023-06-09 [PMID: 37362447] (Bioassay, Rat)	Bioassay	Rat
J Bao, Z Chen, L Xu, L Wu, Y Xiong Rapamycin protects chondrocytes against IL-18-induced apoptosis and ameliorates rat osteoarthritis Aging (Albany NY), 2020-03-17;12(6):5152-5167. 2020-03-17 [PMID: 32182210] (Bioassay, In Vivo, Rat)	Bioassay, In Vivo	Rat
Y He, SAA Moqbel, L Xu, J Ran, C Ma, K Xu, J Bao, L Jiang, W Chen, Y Xiong, L Wu Costunolide inhibits matrix metalloproteinases expression and osteoarthritis via the NF??B and Wnt/??catenin signaling pathways Mol Med Rep, 2019-05-14;0(0):. 2019-05-14 [PMID: 31115524] (Cell Culture, Rat)	Cell Culture	Rat
J Bao, C Ma, J Ran, Y Xiong, S Yan, L Wu Wnt/?-catenin and Hedgehog pathways are involved in the inflammatory effect of Interleukin 18 on rat chondrocytes Oncotarget, 2017-08-24;8(66):109962-109972. 2017-08-24 [PMID: 29299122] (Bioassay, Rat)	Bioassay	Rat
A Sudworth, JT Vaage, M Inngjerdin, L Kveberg Frontline Science: A hyporesponsive subset of rat NK cells negative for Ly49s3 and NKR-P1B are precursors to the functionally mature NKR-P1B(+) subset J. Leukoc. Biol., 2017-07-26;0(0):. 2017-07-26 [PMID: 28747319] (Bioassay, Rat)	Bioassay	Rat
Y Okuhara, S Yokoe, T Iwasaku, A Eguchi, K Nishimura, W Li, M Oboshi, Y Naito, T Mano, M Asahi, H Okamura, T Masuyama, S Hirotani Interleukin-18 gene deletion protects against sepsis-induced cardiac dysfunction by inhibiting PP2A activity Int. J. Cardiol., 2017-05-04;0(0):. 2017-05-04 [PMID: 28526544] (Bioassay, Rat)	Bioassay	Rat
M Boieri, A Ulvmoen, A Sudworth, C Lendrem, M Collin, AM Dickinson, L Kveberg, M Inngjerdin IL-12, IL-15, and IL-18 pre-activated NK cells target resistant T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and delay leukemia development in vivo Oncoimmunology, 2017-01-17;6(3):e1274478. 2017-01-17 [PMID: 28405496] (Bioassay, Rat)	Bioassay	Rat
Tzekova N, Heinen A, Bunk S, Hermann C, Hartung H, Reipert B, Kury P Immunoglobulins stimulate cultured Schwann cell maturation and promote their potential to induce axonal outgrowth. J Neuroinflammation, 2015-05-29;12(0):107. 2015-05-29 [PMID: 26022648] (Bioassay, Rat)	Bioassay	Rat
Guo W, Miyoshi K, Dubner R, Gu M, Li M, Liu J, Yang J, Zou S, Ren K, Noguchi K, Wei F Spinal 5-HT3 receptors mediate descending facilitation and contribute to behavioral hypersensitivity via a reciprocal neuron-glial signaling cascade. Mol Pain, 2014-06-09;10(0):35. 2014-06-09 [PMID: 24913307] (In Vivo, Rat)	In Vivo	Rat
Miyoshi K, Obata K, Kondo T, Okamura H, Noguchi K Interleukin-18-mediated microglia/astrocyte interaction in the spinal cord enhances neuropathic pain processing after nerve injury. J. Neurosci., 2008-11-26;28(48):12775-87. 2008-11-26 [PMID: 19036970] (In Vivo, Rat)	In Vivo	Rat
Haas CS, Amin MA, Allen BB, Ruth JH, Haines GK, Woods JM, Koch AE Inhibition of angiogenesis by interleukin-4 gene therapy in rat adjuvant-induced arthritis. Arthritis Rheum., 2006-08-01;54(8):2402-14. 2006-08-01 [PMID: 16869003] (ELISA (Standard), Rat)	ELISA (Standard)	Rat
Jordan JA, Guo RF, Yun EC, Sarma V, Warner RL, Crouch LD, Senaldi G, Ulich TR, Ward PA Role of IL-18 in acute lung inflammation. J. Immunol., 2001-12-15;167(12):7060-8. 2001-12-15 [PMID: 11739527] (ELISA (Standard), Rat)	ELISA (Standard)	Rat
Show All 14 Publications. Collapse Publications.

Array 521-RL

• IL-18/IL-1F4 Antibodies
• IL-18/IL-1F4 Antibody Pairs
• IL-18/IL-1F4 ELISA Kits
• IL-18/IL-1F4 Lysate
• IL-18/IL-1F4 Protein
• IL-18/IL-1F4 ELISAs
• IL-18/IL-1F4 Proteins and Enzymes