Recombinant Human IL-18/IL-1F4 Protein

This product is produced by and ships from R&D Systems, Inc., a Bio-Techne brand.

Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is a proinflammatory cytokine in the IL-1 family that exerts distinct immune effects depending on the local cytokine environment. It is expressed as a 24 kDa precursor by endothelial and epithelial cells, keratinocytes, gamma δ T cells, and phagocytes. The precursor is activated intracellularly by Caspase-1 mediated proteolysis to release the 17 kDa mature cytokine. The precursor can also be released by necrotic cells for extracellular cleavage by multiple proteases.
IL-18 activation is induced by infection or tissue damage and contributes to disease pathology in chronic inflammation (1-3). IL-18 binds to the widely expressed IL-18 R alpha which recruits IL-18 R beta to form the signaling receptor complex (4, 5). Its bioactivity is negatively regulated by interactions with IL-18 binding proteins and virally encoded IL-18BP homologs (6). In the presence of IL-12 or IL-15, IL-18 enhances anti-viral Th1 immune responses by inducing IFN-gamma production and the cytolytic activity of CD8⁺ T cells and NK cells (7, 8). In the absence of IL-12 or IL-15, however, IL-18 promotes production of the Th2 cytokines IL-4 and IL-13 by CD4⁺ T cells and basophils (9, 10). In the presence of IL-1 beta or IL-23, IL-18 induces the antigen-independent production of IL-17 by gamma δ T cells and CD4⁺ T cells (11). IL-18 also promotes myeloid dendritic cell maturation and triggers neutrophil respiratory burst (12, 13). In cancer, IL-18 exhibits diverse activities including enhancing anti-tumor immunity, inhibiting or promoting angiogenesis, and promoting tumor cell metastasis (14). Mature human IL-18 shares approximately 63% amino acid sequence identity with mouse and rat IL-18 (15). Alternative splicing in human ovarian cancer generates an isoform that is resistant to Caspase-1 activation (16). A cell surface form can be expressed on M-CSF induced macrophages and released in response to bacterial endotoxin (17).

We have publications tested in 1 confirmed species: Human.

We have publications tested in 3 applications: Bioassay, ELISA (Standard), ELISA Developmet.

Showing Publications 1 - 10 of 43. Show All 43 Publications. Collapse Publications.

Publications using B001-5	Applications	Species
Hsieh, LL;Looney, M;Figueroa, A;Massaccesi, G;Stavrakis, G;Anaya, EU;D'Alessio, FR;Ordonez, AA;Pekosz, AS;DeFilippis, VR;Karakousis, PC;Karaba, AH;Cox, AL; Bystander monocytic cells drive infection-independent NLRP3 inflammasome response to SARS-CoV-2 mBio 2024-09-06 [PMID: 39240187] (Bioassay, Human)	Bioassay	Human
S Suliman, M Murphy, M Musvosvi, A Gela, EW Meermeier, H Geldenhuys, C Hopley, A Toefy, N Bilek, A Veldsman, WA Hanekom, JL Johnson, WH Boom, G Obermoser, H Huang, M Hatherill, DM Lewinsohn, E Nemes, TJ Scriba MR1-Independent Activation of Human Mucosal-Associated Invariant T Cells by Mycobacteria J. Immunol., 2019-10-14;0(0):. 2019-10-14 [PMID: 31611259] (Bioassay, Human)	Bioassay	Human
T Hofland, I de Weerdt, H Ter Burg, R de Boer, S Tannheimer, SH Tonino, AP Kater, E Eldering Dissection of the Effects of JAK and BTK Inhibitors on the Functionality of Healthy and Malignant Lymphocytes J. Immunol., 2019-09-11;0(0):. 2019-09-11 [PMID: 31511358] (Bioassay, Human)	Bioassay	Human
RP Semper, M Vieth, M Gerhard, R Mejías-Luq Helicobacter pylori Exploits the NLRC4 Inflammasome to Dampen Host Defenses J. Immunol., 2019-09-11;0(0):. 2019-09-11 [PMID: 31511355] (Bioassay, Human)	Bioassay	Human
CL Zimmer, M Cornillet, C Solà-Riera, KW Cheung, MA Ivarsson, MQ Lim, N Marquardt, YS Leo, DC Lye, J Klingström, PA MacAry, HG Ljunggren, L Rivino, NK Björkström NK cells are activated and primed for skin-homing during acute dengue virus infection in humans Nat Commun, 2019-08-29;10(1):3897. 2019-08-29 [PMID: 31467285] (Bioassay, Human)	Bioassay	Human
TA Mace, MB Ware, SA King, S Loftus, MR Farren, E McMichael, S Scoville, C Geraghty, G Young, WE Carson, SK Clinton, GB Lesinski Soy isoflavones and their metabolites modulate cytokine-induced natural killer cell function Sci Rep, 2019-03-25;9(1):5068. 2019-03-25 [PMID: 30911044] (Bioassay, Human)	Bioassay	Human
LD Uppendahl, M Felices, L Bendzick, C Ryan, B Kodal, P Hinderlie, KLM Boylan, APN Skubitz, JS Miller, MA Geller Cytokine-induced memory-like natural killer cells have enhanced function, proliferation, and in vivo expansion against ovarian cancer cells Gynecol. Oncol., 2019-01-15;0(0):. 2019-01-15 [PMID: 30658847] (Bioassay, Human)	Bioassay	Human
G Han, MH Spitzer, SC Bendall, WJ Fantl, GP Nolan Metal-isotope-tagged monoclonal antibodies for high-dimensional mass cytometry Nat Protoc, 2018-10-01;0(0):. 2018-10-01 [PMID: 30258176] (Bioassay, Human)	Bioassay	Human
L Golden-Mas, RH McMahan, MS Kriss, AL Kilgore, L Cheng, RJ Dran, A Wieland, HR Rosen Early and late changes in natural killer cells in response to ledipasvir/sofosbuvir treatment Hepatol Commun, 2018-03-01;2(4):364-375. 2018-03-01 [PMID: 29619416] (Bioassay, Human)	Bioassay	Human
D Peppa, I Pedroza-Pa, P Pellegrino, I Williams, MK Maini, P Borrow Adaptive Reconfiguration of Natural Killer Cells in HIV-1 Infection Front Immunol, 2018-03-16;9(0):474. 2018-03-16 [PMID: 29616021] (Bioassay, Human)	Bioassay	Human
L van den Dr, MAA Claassen, ZMA Groothuism, E van Gorp, A Boonstra Immune activation in prolonged cART-suppressed HIV patients is comparable to that of healthy controls Virology, 2017-06-20;509(0):133-139. 2017-06-20 [PMID: 28644978] (Bioassay, Human)	Bioassay	Human
S Dishon, SJ Cohen, IR Cohen, G Nussbaum Inhibition of Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88 Reduces Human and Mouse T-Cell Interleukin-17 and IFN? Production and Ameliorates Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Induced in Mice Front Immunol, 2017-05-29;8(0):615. 2017-05-29 [PMID: 28611775] (Bioassay, Human)	Bioassay	Human
CXCR3 Blockade Inhibits T Cell Migration into the Skin and Prevents Development of Alopecia Areata J Immunol, 2016-07-13;0(0):. 2016-07-13 [PMID: 27412416] (Bioassay, Human)	Bioassay	Human
Jing Y, Ni Z, Wu J, Higgins L, Markowski T, Kaufman D, Walcheck B Identification of an ADAM17 cleavage region in human CD16 (FcgammaRIII) and the engineering of a non-cleavable version of the receptor in NK cells. PLoS ONE, 2015-03-27;10(3):e0121788. 2015-03-27 [PMID: 25816339] (Bioassay, Human)	Bioassay	Human
Tsai C, Liong K, Gunalan M, Li N, Lim D, Fisher D, Macary P, Leo Y, Wong S, Puan K, Wong S Type I IFNs and IL-18 regulate the antiviral response of primary human gammadelta T cells against dendritic cells infected with Dengue virus. J Immunol, 2015-03-02;194(8):3890-900. 2015-03-02 [PMID: 25732728] (Bioassay, Human)	Bioassay	Human
Dimova T, Brouwer M, Gosselin F, Tassignon J, Leo O, Donner C, Marchant A, Vermijlen D Effector Vgamma9Vdelta2 T cells dominate the human fetal gammadelta T-cell repertoire. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2015-01-23;112(6):E556-65. 2015-01-23 [PMID: 25617367] (Bioassay, Human)	Bioassay	Human
Presnell S, Al-Attar A, Cichocki F, Miller J, Lutz C Human natural killer cell microRNA: differential expression of MIR181A1B1 and MIR181A2B2 genes encoding identical mature microRNAs. Genes Immun, 2014-11-20;16(1):89-98. 2014-11-20 [PMID: 25410655] (Bioassay, Human)	Bioassay	Human
de Groen R, Boltjes A, Hou J, Liu B, McPhee F, Friborg J, Janssen H, Boonstra A IFN-lambda-mediated IL-12 production in macrophages induces IFN-gamma production in human NK cells. Eur J Immunol, 2014-11-10;45(1):250-9. 2014-11-10 [PMID: 25316442] (Bioassay, Human)	Bioassay	Human
Hedl M, Zheng S, Abraham C The IL18RAP region disease polymorphism decreases IL-18RAP/IL-18R1/IL-1R1 expression and signaling through innate receptor-initiated pathways. J Immunol, 2014-05-19;192(12):5924-32. 2014-05-19 [PMID: 24842757] (Bioassay, Human)	Bioassay	Human
Luetke-Eversloh M, Cicek B, Siracusa F, Thom J, Hamann A, Frischbutter S, Baumgrass R, Chang H, Thiel A, Dong J, Romagnani C NK cells gain higher IFN-gamma competence during terminal differentiation. Eur J Immunol, 2014-05-19;44(7):2074-84. 2014-05-19 [PMID: 24752800] (Bioassay, Human)	Bioassay	Human
Mavropoulos A, Bogdanos D, Liaskos C, Orfanidou T, Simopoulou T, Zafiriou E, Sakkas L, Rigopoulou E Flow cytometric detection of p38 MAPK phosphorylation and intracellular cytokine expression in peripheral blood subpopulations from patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases. J Immunol Res, 2014-02-03;2014(0):671431. 2014-02-03 [PMID: 24741615] (Bioassay, Human)	Bioassay	Human
Sun M, Yang P, DU L, Yang Y, Ye J The role of interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinases in Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease. PLoS ONE, 2014-04-01;9(4):e93214. 2014-04-01 [PMID: 24690905] (Bioassay, Human)	Bioassay	Human
Teunissen M, Munneke J, Bernink J, Spuls P, Res P, Te Velde A, Cheuk S, Brouwer M, Menting S, Eidsmo L, Spits H, Hazenberg M, Mjosberg J Composition of innate lymphoid cell subsets in the human skin: enrichment of NCR(+) ILC3 in lesional skin and blood of psoriasis patients. J Invest Dermatol, 2014-03-21;134(9):2351-60. 2014-03-21 [PMID: 24658504] (Bioassay, Human)	Bioassay	Human
Gresnigt M, Bozza S, Becker K, Joosten L, Abdollahi-Roodsaz S, van der Berg W, Dinarello C, Netea M, Fontaine T, De Luca A, Moretti S, Romani L, Latge J, van de Veerdonk F A polysaccharide virulence factor from Aspergillus fumigatus elicits anti-inflammatory effects through induction of Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist. PLoS Pathog, 2014-03-06;10(3):e1003936. 2014-03-06 [PMID: 24603878] (Bioassay, Human)	Bioassay	Human
Jitprasertwong P, Jaedicke K, Nile C, Preshaw P, Taylor J Leptin enhances the secretion of interleukin (IL)-18, but not IL-1beta, from human monocytes via activation of caspase-1. Cytokine, 2013-11-23;65(2):222-30. 2013-11-23 [PMID: 24275551] (ELISA Developmet, Human)	ELISA Developmet	Human
Wilson TR, Fridlyand J, Yan Y, Penuel E, Burton L, Chan E, Peng J, Lin E, Wang Y, Sosman J, Ribas A, Li J, Moffat J, Sutherlin DP, Koeppen H, Merchant M, Neve R, Settleman J Widespread potential for growth-factor-driven resistance to anticancer kinase inhibitors. Nature, 2012-07-26;487(7408):505-9. 2012-07-26 [PMID: 22763448] (Bioassay, Human)	Bioassay	Human
Nielsen N, Odum N, Urso B, Lanier LL, Spee P Cytotoxicity of CD56(bright) NK cells towards autologous activated CD4+ T cells is mediated through NKG2D, LFA-1 and TRAIL and dampened via CD94/NKG2A. PLoS ONE, 2012-02-22;7(2):e31959. 2012-02-22 [PMID: 22384114] (Bioassay, Human)	Bioassay	Human
Zhang H, Hile KL, Asanuma H IL-18 mediates proapoptotic signaling in renal tubular cells through a Fas ligand-dependent mechanism. Am. J. Physiol. Renal Physiol., 2011-04-20;301(1):F171-8. 2011-04-20 [PMID: 21511702] (Bioassay, Human)	Bioassay	Human
Le Garff-Tavernier M, Decocq J, de Romeuf C, Parizot C, Dutertre CA, Chapiro E, Davi F, Debre P, Prost JF, Teillaud JL, Merle-Beral H, Vieillard V Analysis of CD16+CD56dim NK cells from CLL patients: evidence supporting a therapeutic strategy with optimized anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies. Leukemia, 2010-10-26;25(1):101-9. 2010-10-26 [PMID: 20975664] (Bioassay, Human)	Bioassay	Human
Beziat V, Descours B, Parizot C, Debre P, Vieillard V NK cell terminal differentiation: correlated stepwise decrease of NKG2A and acquisition of KIRs. PLoS ONE, 2010-08-06;5(8):e11966. 2010-08-06 [PMID: 20700504] (Bioassay, Human)	Bioassay	Human
Ghirelli C, Zollinger R, Soumelis V Systematic cytokine receptor profiling reveals GM-CSF as a novel TLR-independent activator of human plasmacytoid predendritic cells. Blood, 2010-04-09;115(24):5037-40. 2010-04-09 [PMID: 20382843] (Bioassay, Human)	Bioassay	Human
Yu J, Mao HC, Wei M, Hughes T, Zhang J, Park IK, Liu S, McClory S, Marcucci G, Trotta R, Caligiuri MA CD94 surface density identifies a functional intermediary between the CD56bright and CD56dim human NK-cell subsets. Blood, 2009-11-06;115(2):274-81. 2009-11-06 [PMID: 19897577] (Bioassay, Human)	Bioassay	Human
Eid RE, Rao DA, Zhou J, Lo SF, Ranjbaran H, Gallo A, Sokol SI, Pfau S, Pober JS, Tellides G Interleukin-17 and interferon-gamma are produced concomitantly by human coronary artery-infiltrating T cells and act synergistically on vascular smooth muscle cells. Circulation, 2009-03-02;119(10):1424-32. 2009-03-02 [PMID: 19255340] (Bioassay, Human)	Bioassay	Human
Beziat V, Nguyen S, Lapusan S, Hervier B, Dhedin N, Bories D, Uzunov M, Boudifa A, Trebeden-Negre H, Norol F, Marjanovic Z, Marie JP, Vernant JP, Debre P, Rio B, Vieillard V Fully functional NK cells after unrelated cord blood transplantation. Leukemia, 2009-01-08;23(4):721-8. 2009-01-08 [PMID: 19151772] (Bioassay, Human)	Bioassay	Human
Das S, Mishra MK, Ghosh J, Basu A Japanese Encephalitis Virus infection induces IL-18 and IL-1beta in microglia and astrocytes: correlation with in vitro cytokine responsiveness of glial cells and subsequent neuronal death. J. Neuroimmunol., 2008-03-28;195(1):60-72. 2008-03-28 [PMID: 18374991] (Bioassay, Human)	Bioassay	Human
Vossen MT, Matmati M, Hertoghs KM, Baars PA, Gent MR, Leclercq G, Hamann J, Kuijpers TW, van Lier RA CD27 defines phenotypically and functionally different human NK cell subsets. J. Immunol., 2008-03-15;180(6):3739-45. 2008-03-15 [PMID: 18322179] (Bioassay, Human)	Bioassay	Human
Pfleger C, Schloot N, ter Veld F Effect of serum content and diluent selection on assay sensitivity and signal intensity in multiplex bead-based immunoassays. J. Immunol. Methods, 2007-10-22;329(1):214-8. 2007-10-22 [PMID: 17964594] (ELISA (Standard))	ELISA (Standard)
Facco M, Baesso I, Miorin M, Bortoli M, Cabrelle A, Boscaro E, Gurrieri C, Trentin L, Zambello R, Calabrese F, Cassatella MA, Semenzato G, Agostini C Expression and role of CCR6/CCL20 chemokine axis in pulmonary sarcoidosis. J. Leukoc. Biol., 2007-07-05;82(4):946-55. 2007-07-05 [PMID: 17615381] (Bioassay, Human)	Bioassay	Human
de Matos CT, Berg L, Michaelsson J, Fellander-Tsai L, Karre K, Soderstrom K Activating and inhibitory receptors on synovial fluid natural killer cells of arthritis patients: role of CD94/NKG2A in control of cytokine secretion. Immunology, 2007-05-22;122(2):291-301. 2007-05-22 [PMID: 17521371] (Bioassay, Human)	Bioassay	Human
Ebert EC, Mehta V Human intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes keep TNF alpha levels low by cell uptake and feedback inhibition of transcription. Cell. Immunol., 2006-08-17;241(1):7-13. 2006-08-17 [PMID: 16914126] (Bioassay, Human)	Bioassay	Human
Radstake TR, Roelofs MF, Jenniskens YM, van Riel PL, Barrera P Expression of toll-like receptors 2 and 4 in rheumatoid synovial tissue and regulation by proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-12 and interleukin-18 via interferon-gamma. Arthritis Rheum., 2004-12-01;50(12):3856-65. 2004-12-01 [PMID: 15593217] (Bioassay, Human)	Bioassay	Human
Kao CY, Chen Y, Thai P, Wachi S, Huang F, Kim C, Harper RW, Wu R IL-17 markedly up-regulates beta-defensin-2 expression in human airway epithelium via JAK and NF-kappaB signaling pathways. J. Immunol., 2004-09-01;173(5):3482-91. 2004-09-01 [PMID: 15322213] (Bioassay, Human)	Bioassay	Human
Durali D, de Goer de Herve MG, Giron-Michel J, Azzarone B, Delfraissy JF, Taoufik Y In human B cells, IL-12 triggers a cascade of molecular events similar to Th1 commitment. Blood, 2003-07-31;102(12):4084-9. 2003-07-31 [PMID: 12893768] (Bioassay, Human)	Bioassay	Human
Show All 43 Publications. Collapse Publications.

Array B001-5

• IL-18/IL-1F4 Antibodies
• IL-18/IL-1F4 Antibody Pairs
• IL-18/IL-1F4 ELISA Kits
• IL-18/IL-1F4 Lysate
• IL-18/IL-1F4 Protein
• IL-18/IL-1F4 ELISAs
• IL-18/IL-1F4 Proteins and Enzymes