RhoA

By Michalina Hanzel, PhD

By Jamshed Arslan Pharm.D.

Sordaria macrospora is a filamentous fungus that serves as very useful system for scientific research due to a short life cycle and easy manipulation.  Just like any other model organism, it is important to have an effective loading control to validate experiments in the Sordaria macrospora.  In addition, the growth and morphogenesis of filamentous fungi is dependent on actin organization.  Actin is a very abundant protein across biological species and can transition between monomeric and filamentous states.  Actin has an alpha and beta isoform, both of which sha

Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) is a heterodimeric transcription factor consisting of alpha and beta subunits. The levels of functional HIF-1 in the cell depends on the level of oxygen allowing cells to respond to hypoxic conditions. HIF-1α is a ubiquitously expressed protein containing an oxygen-dependent degradation domain that under normal conditions regulates its constant degradation. HIF-1 beta, on the other hand, is a stable constitutively expressed protein that localizes to the nucleus.

Isotype controls are primarily used as negative controls in flow cytometry but they can also be used for immunohistochemistry. They are used to approximate the non-specific target primary antibody binding due to protein-protein interactions, binding to Fc receptors on target cells, non-specific protein-protein interactions, and cell autofluorescence.