DNA Repair

Ubiquitin is a small, highly conserved protein which plays an important role in protein breakdown, covalently bonding to proteins to mark them for proteolytic degradation in a process called ubiquitination. Ubiquitin also binds to inclusion bodies (accumulations of protein) in pathological conditions such as Parkinson’s and Alzheimer's disease.

In December 2009, researchers at the University of Southern California cited using Novus’ mouse monoclonal Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase Antibody (cat# NB100-317) [PMID: 19923445]. Specifically, Novus’ hTERT antibody was used for immunofluorescent staining on human gingiva-derived mesenchymal stem cells (GMSC).

The PARP (Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase) protein is a zinc-dependant nuclear enzyme whose main role is to detect and repair DNA single-strand breaks (SSB). However, PARP antibody research has revealed there are at least 17 PARP proteins, which also play a major role in apoptosis (programmed cell death) and post-translational modification. We at Novus Biologicals have an extensive range of PARP antibody products in our antibody catalogu.

The glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase, or GAPDH enzyme plays an important role in the conversion of glucose for energy, catalyzing the sixth step of the glycolytic pathway. A common and widely expressed protein, GAPDH mRNA is often used as a standard in mRNA studies. GAPDH antibody products are also used as a loading control in Western blot assays. We at Novus Biologicals have 55 GAPDH antibody products on our antibody database.

Our antibody catalog includes an extensive range of Rad51 antibody reagents. Encoded by the RAD51 gene, the Rad51 protein plays a vital role in DNA repair, interacting with several other proteins, including BRCA1 and BRCA2, to effect homologous recombination at double-strand breaks.

The antibodies in our stem cell antibody catalog are used in many areas of research, from developing therapies to investigating cancer. These research areas are related, because although pluripotent stem cells have the potential to replace organ transplants and heal paralysis, they also have the potential to develop into cancerous cells.

Human cancer research is the largest research area in our antibody database, with new oncogenes and cell lines being added all the time.

Orthologs are one of the classes of homolog genes. They occur in different species, but are linked by a common ancestral pathway. During evolution, they retain the same original function, irrespective of the species. Among the orthologs covered on our antibody databaseare those of the Forkhead Transcription Factor (FOX) superfamily of proteins.

We at Novus Biologicals have an extensive antibody databasedevoted to the 13 Fanconi anaemia complementation (FANC) genes, which are involved in the recognition and repair of damaged DNA.

Base excision repair (BER) is the most fundamental DNA repair mechanism, dealing with alterations arising in individual DNA bases during cellular metabolism. We at Novus Biologicals have a large BER antibody database, which has proven important in various cellular studies.