Antibody News

Sterol-regulatory-element-binding protein 2 (SREBP2) is a transcription factor that regulates cholesterol homeostasis by controlling enzymes involved in cholesterol synthesis and uptake, e.g. HMG-CoA. Along with another transcription factor LXR, SREBP2 modulates expression of the transmembrane protein ABCA1, which is responsible for managing cellular cholesterol efflux. ABCA1 mediates transport of lipids between the Golgi body and plasma membrane, as well as cholesterol and phospholipid efflux to the ApoA1 and ApoE apolipoproteins in the formation of...

Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) is an evolutionarily well-conserved protein found in all eukaryotic species as well as in Archaea. PCNA was first shown to be involved in DNA replication. However PCNA functions are associated with other vital cellular processes such as chromatin remodeling, DNA repair, sister-chromatid cohesion and cell cycle control as well (1). PCNA is considered to be a marker of cell proliferation in various cancers. Immunohistochemical staining using PCNA antibody was performed on skin from patients with various malignant and nonmalignant skin diseases.

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Recombinant DNA technology allows researchers to fuse epitope tags to their protein of interest and then identify that protein using tag specific antibodies. The Myc Tag can be used to purify tagged proteins by affinity chromatography or detect them by immnoflorescence, immunoprecipitation and by Western blotting assays. The presence of the Myc Tag also introduces a mechanism whereby the use of radioisotopes can be avoided; relying instead on the identification of newly synthesized proteins using Western blot technology.

In vivo overexpression of proteins is a powerful...

Ku70 is a 70 kDa protein that was shown to be involved in multiple cellular pathways, mainly involving DNA repair and recombination. Among these are the non-homologus end repairs of DNA double strand breaks. Ku70 was first identified as an autoantigen in the serum of patients with Scleroderma Ploymyosistosis Syndrome (1). Auto antibodies against Ku70 were also found in other autoimmune diseases such as Scleroderma and Systemic Lupus Erythromatosus.

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Increasing evidence shows that a variety of cancers arise from the transformation of normal stem cells into cancer stem cells (CSCs). CSCs are thought to sustain cancer progression, invasion, metastasis. Studies using Bmi1 antibodies have shown that the chemoresistance of CSCs are in part due to the activation of Bmi1 polycomb ring finger oncogene, previously known as B cell-specific Moloney murine leukemia virus integration site 1 (Bmi1), a stem cell factor, and a polycomb group family member of proteins, Bmi1 is reported to regulate the proliferation activity of normal, stem, and progenitor cells.

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Ghrelin is the only potent orexigenic peptide in circulation. It stimulates food intake and leads to metabolism regulation, positive energy balance, adipogenesis, and body weight gain. However, in studies using ghrelin antibodies, the physiological significance of ghrelin in the regulation of energy homeostasis is controversial, since loss of ghrelin function in rodents does not necessarily lead to anorexia and weight loss (1). Research using ghrelin antibodies shows that ghrelin is a brain-gut circuit peptide with an important role in the physiological regulation of appetite, response to hunger and starvation, metabolic and endocrine functions as energy expenditure, gastric motility and acid secretion, insulin secretion and glucose homeostasis, as well as in the potential connection to the central nervous system (2).

Epigenetic alterations have come to prominence in biomedical research. In particular, hypermethylation of CpG islands located in the promoter regions of tumor-suppressor genes is now firmly established as an important mechanism for gene inactivation in cancer. Polycomb group (PcG) proteins are epigenetic chromatin modifiers involved in gene silencing, cancer development and the maintenance of adult and embryonic stem cells. One of the most remarkable achievements in the field has also been the identification of the methyl-CpG-binding domain family of proteins, which provide mechanistic links between specific patterns of...

Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) is the main intermediate filament protein in mature astrocytes, but also an important component of the cytoskeleton in astrocytes during development. Recent developments using GFAP antibodies in astrocyte biology, and the discovery of novel intermediate filament functions, have enticed interest in the function of GFAP. The structural role of GFAP in astrocytes has been widely accepted for a long time, but over the years, studies using GFAP antibodies have shown GFAP to be involved in astrocyte functions, during human brain development, aging and disease (1).

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Reactive oxygen species, ROS, are beneficially involved in many signaling pathways that control development and maintain cellular homeostasis. In physiological conditions, a tightly regulated redox balance protects cells from injurious ROS activity, altered balance leads to various pathological conditions including cancer. MAP17 is a small 17-kDa non-glycosylated membrane protein that is overexpressed in many tumors of different origins, including carcinomas. Antibody studies have revealed that tumor cells overexpressing MAP17 show an increased tumoral phenotype associated with an increase in ROS. Increased MAP17 expression also results in enhanced proliferative capabilities both in presence or absence of contact inhibition, decreased apoptotic sensitivity and increased migration in cells.

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I began using the HSP60 antibody (NB110-57063) in June of 2010 and it worked well. I do not like to buy antibodies that have not been tested in the species for which I will use them, so I picked this antibody because it had already been tested in rat tissue. I split the antibody into 20ul aliquots and stored it at -20C. I first ran a Western blot with 15ug of a RIPA whole cell lystate from WKPT cells a rat kidney immortalized cell line derived from the S1 proximal tubule segment.

I used a 10% SDS-PAGE gel and transferred to PVDF membrane for 1 hour in transfer buffer...

S100A12 (Calgranulin C) belongs to the S100 family of calcium-binding proteins. The 20 members of this group share EF-hand domains which are involved in binding of calcium. S100A12 is expressed by granulocytes, whereas its expression by monocytes remains controversial (1). S100A12 is secreted by activated granulocytes (2). S100A12 is a ligand for the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) expressed on macrophages, lymphocytes and endothelium. RAGE mediates an up-regulation of the connective tissue growth factor IGFBP-rP2 (insulin-like growth factor binding protein-related protein 2), which is a potent inducer of angiogenesis (3).

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Triacylglycerols (triglycerides) (TGs) are the major storage molecules of metabolic energy and FAs in most living organisms. Excessive accumulation of TGs, however, is associated with human diseases, such as obesity, diabetes mellitus, and steatohepatitis. The final and the only committed step in the biosynthesis of TGs is catalyzed by acyl-CoA: diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT) enzymes. The genes encoding two DGAT enzymes, DGAT1 and DGAT2, were identified, and the use of molecular tools, including mice deficient in either enzyme, has shed light on their functions.

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