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![TLR4 Inhibitor Peptide Set [NBP2-26244] - The inhibitor peptide inhibits TLR4 signaling by blocking interactions between TLR4 and its adaptors Mal/TIRAP and TRAM.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/TLR4-Inhibitor-Peptide-Set-NBP2-26244-img0013.jpg "TLR4 Inhibitor Peptide Set [NBP2-26244] - The inhibitor peptide inhibits TLR4 signaling by blocking interactions between TLR4 and its adaptors Mal/TIRAP and TRAM.")
![Blocking/Neutralizing: TLR4 Inhibitor Peptide Set [NBP2-26244] - iBMDM cultures were pretreated with 5uM of inhibitor or control prior to stimulation with 20 ng/ml LPS. Negative (LPS-, LPS-/CP7+, LPS-/CP7+) and positive (LPS+) controls were also included. Supernatants were harvested after 6 h and murine TNF-alpha measured by ELISA. TLR4 inhibitor, but not the control, inhibited LPS-induced TNF-alpha production. Image courtesy of Dr. Julianne Stack and Dr. Andrew Bowie, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/TLR4-Inhibitor-Peptide-Set-Blocking-Neutralizing-NBP2-26244-img0015.jpg)
![TLR4 Inhibitor Peptide Set [NBP2-26244] - TLR4/MD-2/CD14/NF-kB/SEAPorter stably transfected cells were plated in 96-well plates at 1x10^5 cells/well. After 16 h, cells were preincubated with various concentrations of inhibitor or control peptides (CP) for 1 h. Cells were then stimulated with 10 ng/ml LPS for 24 h. The secreted alkaline phosphatase (SEAP) was analyzed using the SEAPorter Assay Kit. Inhibitory effect on the LPS-mediated TLR4 activation by the VIPER peptide is shown in panel A, and IC50 of the VIPER peptide is described in panel B.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/TLR4-Inhibitor-Peptide-Set-Blocking-Neutralizing-NBP2-26244-img0016.jpg)
![Blocking/Neutralizing: RelA/NFkB p65 [p Ser276] Inhibitor Peptide Set [NBP2-26505] - Effect of various p65-inhibitor peptides on binding of purified recombinant p65 protein to the DNA in vitro. Recombinant p65 protein (100 ng/sample) was incubated for 30 minutes with 50uM of various peptides in 0.025 ml and then assayed for DNA binding activity by EMSA (Please refer to Takada et al, 2004 for further details).](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/RelA-NFkB-p65-[p-Ser276]-Inhibitor-Peptide-Set-Blocking-Neutralizing-NBP2-26505-img0008.jpg "Blocking/Neutralizing: RelA/NFkB p65 [p Ser276] Inhibitor Peptide Set [NBP2-26505] - Effect of various p65-inhibitor peptides on binding of purified recombinant p65 protein to the DNA in vitro. Recombinant p65 protein (100 ng/sample) was incubated for 30 minutes with 50uM of various peptides in 0.025 ml and then assayed for DNA binding activity by EMSA (Please refer to Takada et al, 2004 for further details).")
![Blocking/Neutralizing: RelA/NFkB p65 [p Ser276] Inhibitor Peptide Set [NBP2-26505] - PTD-p65-P1 peptide inhibits TNF-induced NF-kB activation: KBM-5 cells were incubated with various concentrations of peptides for 1 hr and treated with 0.1nM TNF for 30 min. Nuclear extracts were prepared and NF-kB activation was analyzed by EMSA (Please refer to Takada et al, 2004 for further details).](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/RelA-NFkB-p65-[p-Ser276]-Inhibitor-Peptide-Set-Blocking-Neutralizing-NBP2-26505-img0009.jpg)
![Functional (Inhibition): RelA/NFkB p65 [p Ser276] Inhibitor Peptide Set [NBP2-26505] - TLR5/NF-kB/SEAPorter HEK 293 (NBP2-26277) cells were plated in 96-well plates at 5 x 10^4 cells/well for 16 h. Cells were preincubated with different concentrations (0, 1, 5, 10, 25 and 50 uM) of Inhibitory Peptide (NBP2-26505) and Control Peptide (NBP2-29334) for 1 h. Cells were then stimulated with 1 ng/ml Flagellin (NBP2-25289) for 24 h. Secreted alkaline phosphatase (SEAP) was analyzed using SEAPorter Assay Kit (NBP2-25285). *p < 0.05 versus control peptide at the corresponding concentrations (Mann-Whitney U test).](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/RelA-NFkB-p65-p-Ser276-Inhibitor-Peptide-Set-Functional-Inhibition-NBP2-26505-img0010.jpg)
![In vivo assay: IKK gamma Inhibitor Peptide Set [NBP2-26504] - NBD peptide blocks constitutive NF-kB as shown by EMSA. U266 cells were treated with 100 uM of control or NBD peptide for different time periods. Nuclear extracts were isolated and checked for NF-kB-DNA binding activity.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/IKK-gamma-Inhibitor-Peptide-Set-In-vivo-assay-NBP2-26504-img0010.jpg "In vivo assay: IKK gamma Inhibitor Peptide Set [NBP2-26504] - NBD peptide blocks constitutive NF-kB as shown by EMSA. U266 cells were treated with 100 uM of control or NBD peptide for different time periods. Nuclear extracts were isolated and checked for NF-kB-DNA binding activity.")
![In vivo assay: IKK gamma Inhibitor Peptide Set [NBP2-26504] - NBD peptide blocks constitutive NF-kB activation in human multiple myeloma cells. U266 cells were treated with 100 uM of control (A & B) or NBD peptide (C & D) for 12 hr, cytospun, plated on glass slides, air dried for 1 hr at room temperature and fixed with cold acetone. Slides were blocked with 5% normal goat serum for 1 hr and then incubated with rabbit polyclonal anti-human p65 antibody (A & C) followed by Ig-Alexa 594 second step. In control peptide treated cells, p65 translocates to nucleus (A), whereas NBD peptide prevents translocation of p65 into the nucleus (C). B & D: Nuclear staining with DNA binding dye.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/IKK-gamma-Inhibitor-Peptide-Set-In-vivo-assay-NBP2-26504-img0012.jpg)
![IKK gamma Inhibitor Peptide Set [NBP2-26504] - The IKK complex consists of IKKalpha + IKKbeta+ NEMO. NEMO (IKKgamma/NF-kB Essential MOdulator) is a scaffold protein required for the kinase activity of IKKalpha + IKKbeta. NBD (NEMO Binding Domain) inhibits formation of the IKK complex (IKKalpha + IKKbeta+ NEMO) by binding to NEMO and blocking IKK complex formation. In this regard, NBD is considered to be an 'IKKalpha and IKKBeta decoy' Blocking IKK complex formation suppresses downstream events in the NF-kB signaling pathway that rely on the IKK complex including phosphorylation of IkBalpha, and subsequence IkBalpha ubiquination, degradation and release of NF-kB. Hence, NF-kB is retained in the cytoplasm in its inactive state.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/IKK-gamma-Inhibitor-Peptide-Set-NBP2-26504-img0014.jpg)
![Functional (Inhibition): IKK gamma Inhibitor Peptide Set [NBP2-26504] - TLR5/NF-kB/SEAPorter HEK 293 (NBP2-26277) cells were plated in 96-well plates at 5 x 10^4 cells/well for 16 h. Cells were preincubated with different concentrations (0, 1, 5, 10, 25 and 50 uM) of Inhibitory Peptide (NBP2-26504) and Control Peptide (NBP2-29334) for 1 h. Cells were then stimulated with 1 ng/ml Flagellin (NBP2-25289) for 24 h. Secreted alkaline phosphatase (SEAP) was analyzed using SEAPorter Assay Kit (NBP2-25285). *p < 0.05 versus control peptide at the corresponding concentrations (Mann-Whitney U test).](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/IKK-gamma-Inhibitor-Peptide-Set-Functional-Inhibition-NBP2-26504-img0016.jpg)
![TRAF6 Inhibitor Peptide Set [NBP2-26506] - The TRAF6 inhibitory peptide inhibits osteoclast ifferentiation: RAW264.7 cells were plated on 24-well plates and stimulated with RANKL and M-CSF and incubated in the presence of different concentrations of control peptide (PTD) or the TRAF6. The TRAF6 at the concentration above 30 uM suppressed osteoclast differentiation.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/TRAF6-Inhibitor-Peptide-Set-NBP2-26506-img0002.jpg "TRAF6 Inhibitor Peptide Set [NBP2-26506] - The TRAF6 inhibitory peptide inhibits osteoclast ifferentiation: RAW264.7 cells were plated on 24-well plates and stimulated with RANKL and M-CSF and incubated in the presence of different concentrations of control peptide (PTD) or the TRAF6. The TRAF6 at the concentration above 30 uM suppressed osteoclast differentiation.")
![Western Blot: RelA/NFkB p65 [p Ser529, p Ser536] Inhibitor Peptide Set [NBP2-29321] - Inhibits TNF-induced NF-kB activation: KBM-5 cells were incubated with various concentrations of peptides for 1 hr and treated with 0.1nM TNF for 30min. Nuclear extracts were prepared and NF-kB activation was analyzed by EMSA (Please refer toTakada et al, 2004 for further details). PTD-p65-P6 suppresses TNF-induced NF-kB activation by 25% at 100 uM and completely at 150 uM, where as the control peptide, PTD or p65-P6 without PTD did not have any effect.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/RelA-NFkB-p65-[p-Ser529--p-Ser536]-Inhibitor-Peptide-Set-Western-Blot-NBP2-29321-img0015.jpg "Western Blot: RelA/NFkB p65 [p Ser529, p Ser536] Inhibitor Peptide Set [NBP2-29321] - Inhibits TNF-induced NF-kB activation: KBM-5 cells were incubated with various concentrations of peptides for 1 hr and treated with 0.1nM TNF for 30min. Nuclear extracts were prepared and NF-kB activation was analyzed by EMSA (Please refer toTakada et al, 2004 for further details). PTD-p65-P6 suppresses TNF-induced NF-kB activation by 25% at 100 uM and completely at 150 uM, where as the control peptide, PTD or p65-P6 without PTD did not have any effect.")
![Western Blot: RelA/NFkB p65 [p Ser529, p Ser536] Inhibitor Peptide Set [NBP2-29321] - Effect of various p65-inhibitor peptides on binding of purified recombinant p65 protein to the DNA in vitro. Recombinant p65 protein (100 ng/sample) was incubated for 30 minutes with 50uM of various peptides in 0.025 ml and then assayed for DNA binding activity by EMSA (Please refer to Takada et al, 2004 (3) for further details).](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/RelA-NFkB-p65-[p-Ser529--p-Ser536]-Inhibitor-Peptide-Set-Western-Blot-NBP2-29321-img0013.jpg)
![Functional (Inhibition): RelA/NFkB p65 [p Ser529, p Ser536] Inhibitor Peptide Set [NBP2-29321] - TLR5/NF-kB/SEAPorter HEK 293 (NBP2-26277) cells were plated in 96-well plates at 5 x 10^4 cells/well for 16 h. Cells were preincubated with different concentrations (0, 1, 5, 10, 25 and 50 uM) of Inhibitory Peptide (NBP2-29321) and Control Peptide (NBP2-29334) for 1 h. Cells were then stimulated with 1 ng/ml Flagellin (NBP2-25289) for 24 h. Secreted alkaline phosphatase (SEAP) was analyzed using SEAPorter Assay Kit (NBP2-25285). *p < 0.05 versus control peptide at the corresponding concentrations (Mann-Whitney U test).](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/RelA-NFkB-p65-p-Ser529-p-Ser536-Inhibitor-Peptide-Set-Functional-Inhibition-NBP2-29321-img0012.jpg)
![Functional (Inhibition): NFkB p105/p50 Inhibitor Peptide Set [NBP2-29323] - TLR5/NF-kB/SEAPorter HEK 293 (NBP2-26277) cells were plated in 96-well plates at 5 x 10^4 cells/well for 16 h. Cells were preincubated with different concentrations (0, 1, 5, 10, 25 and 50 uM) of Inhibitory Peptide (NBP2-29323) and Control Peptide (NBP2-29334) for 1 h. Cells were then stimulated with 1 ng/ml Flagellin (NBP2-25289) for 24 h. Secreted alkaline phosphatase (SEAP) was analyzed using SEAPorter Assay Kit (NBP2-25285). *p < 0.05 versus control peptide at the corresponding concentrations (Mann-Whitney U test).](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/NFkB-p105-p50-Inhibitor-Peptide-Set-Functional-Inhibition-NBP2-29323-img0001.jpg "Functional (Inhibition): NFkB p105/p50 Inhibitor Peptide Set [NBP2-29323] - TLR5/NF-kB/SEAPorter HEK 293 (NBP2-26277) cells were plated in 96-well plates at 5 x 10^4 cells/well for 16 h. Cells were preincubated with different concentrations (0, 1, 5, 10, 25 and 50 uM) of Inhibitory Peptide (NBP2-29323) and Control Peptide (NBP2-29334) for 1 h. Cells were then stimulated with 1 ng/ml Flagellin (NBP2-25289) for 24 h. Secreted alkaline phosphatase (SEAP) was analyzed using SEAPorter Assay Kit (NBP2-25285). *p < 0.05 versus control peptide at the corresponding concentrations (Mann-Whitney U test).")
![APE1 Redox Inhibitor [NBP1-49581] - Chemical Structure of E3330 [NBP1-49581]](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/APE1-Redox-Inhibitor-NBP1-49581-img0002.jpg "APE1 Redox Inhibitor [NBP1-49581] - Chemical Structure of E3330 [NBP1-49581]")
![TIRAP (TLR2 and TLR4) Inhibitor Peptide [NBP2-26245] - TLR2 acts through formation of heterodimer complexes with TLR1 or TLR6. HEK 293 endogenously expresses TLR1 and TLR6, so that the TLR2 reporter cell line can response to both Pam3CSK4 (TLR2/TLR1 specific ligand) and MALP-2 (TLR2/TLR6 specific ligand). The TLR2 / TLR4 inhibitor specifically inhibits TLR2/TLR1 receptor complex activity in a dose-response manner but exhibited no or little effect on TLR2/TLR6 receptor complex activity.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/TIRAP-TLR2-and-TLR4-Inhibitor-Peptide-NBP2-26245-img0007.jpg "TIRAP (TLR2 and TLR4) Inhibitor Peptide [NBP2-26245] - TLR2 acts through formation of heterodimer complexes with TLR1 or TLR6. HEK 293 endogenously expresses TLR1 and TLR6, so that the TLR2 reporter cell line can response to both Pam3CSK4 (TLR2/TLR1 specific ligand) and MALP-2 (TLR2/TLR6 specific ligand). The TLR2 / TLR4 inhibitor specifically inhibits TLR2/TLR1 receptor complex activity in a dose-response manner but exhibited no or little effect on TLR2/TLR6 receptor complex activity.")
![TIRAP (TLR2 and TLR4) Inhibitor Peptide [NBP2-26245] - The TLR4 reporter cell line responds to LPS. The TLR2 / TLR4 inhibitor specifically inhibits TLR4 activation upon LPS stimulation in a dose-response manner.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/TIRAP-TLR2-and-TLR4-Inhibitor-Peptide-NBP2-26245-img0008.jpg)
![TIRAP (TLR2 and TLR4) Inhibitor Peptide [NBP2-26245] - TLR2 /4 Inhibitor suppressed the Pam3CSK4-induced TLR2/TLR1 activity [A] and the LPS-induced TLR4 activity [B] in a dose-response manner, of which IC50 values were measured as 17.2 uM and 10.47 uM, respectively.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/TIRAP-TLR2-and-TLR4-Inhibitor-Peptide-NBP2-26245-img0009.jpg)
![Glybenclamide (NLRP3 Inhibitor) [NBP2-30141] - Structure of the NLRP3 Inhibitor Glybenclamide: C23H28CIN3O5S](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/Glybenclamide-NLRP3-Inhibitor-NBP2-30141-img0002.jpg "Glybenclamide (NLRP3 Inhibitor) [NBP2-30141] - Structure of the NLRP3 Inhibitor Glybenclamide: C23H28CIN3O5S")
![Functional (Inhibition): TIRAP (TLR2 and TLR4) Inhibitor Peptide Set [NBP2-29331] - TLR2/NF-kB/SEAPorter HEK 293 (NBP2-26274) cells were plated in 96-well plates at 5 x 10^4 cells/well for 16 h. Cells were preincubated with different concentrations (0, 1, 5, 10, 25 and 50 uM) of Inhibitory Peptide (NBP2-29331) and Control Peptide (NBP2-29334) for 1 h. Cells were then stimulated with 1 ng/ml Pam3CSK4 (NBP2-25297) for 24 h. Secreted alkaline phosphatase (SEAP) was analyzed using SEAPorter Assay Kit (NBP2-25285). *p < 0.05 versus control peptide at the corresponding concentrations (Mann-Whitney U test).](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/TIRAP-TLR2-and-TLR4-Inhibitor-Peptide-Set-Functional-Inhibition-NBP2-29331-img0001.jpg "Functional (Inhibition): TIRAP (TLR2 and TLR4) Inhibitor Peptide Set [NBP2-29331] - TLR2/NF-kB/SEAPorter HEK 293 (NBP2-26274) cells were plated in 96-well plates at 5 x 10^4 cells/well for 16 h. Cells were preincubated with different concentrations (0, 1, 5, 10, 25 and 50 uM) of Inhibitory Peptide (NBP2-29331) and Control Peptide (NBP2-29334) for 1 h. Cells were then stimulated with 1 ng/ml Pam3CSK4 (NBP2-25297) for 24 h. Secreted alkaline phosphatase (SEAP) was analyzed using SEAPorter Assay Kit (NBP2-25285). *p < 0.05 versus control peptide at the corresponding concentrations (Mann-Whitney U test).")