|
Related Links Exosome Isolation and Detection Exosome Marker Antibodies (CD63, CD81 and more) Exosome Biomarkers for Disease Other Resources Bio-Techne’s Flow Cytometry Handbook On Demand Webinar- CCMA Small Particle Flow Cytometry On Demand Webinar-Flow Cytometry of Extracellular Vesicles
|
Flow cytometry is a powerful tool that allows for detection and characterization of multiple protein markers at single-cell resolution, both intracellularly and on the surface of many cell types. This technology can also be applied to extracellular vesicles (EVs), providing valuable information about vesicle phenotype and insights into probable function. EVs are secreted from every known cell type and facilitate the transfer of information between cells. EVs are under intensive investigation as a source of disease biomarkers, particularly in cancer and neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease. Additionally, engineered EVs are being explored as potential therapeutic agents for regenerative medicine, vaccine adjuvants, and therapeutic drug delivery. Explore our Poster on Exosomes by Cell Type and Process Benefits of Flow Cytometry for Extracellular Vesicle Analysis
Single Vesicle Resolution: Other methods for EV analysis (ELISA, western blot) can only provide information about the general EV population. The single-vesicle level analysis provided by flow cytometry allows determination of the heterogeneity within the overall EV population. Multiplex Analysis: The multiplex nature of flow cytometry allows researchers to determine co-expression of different molecules on single EVs. This provides more information about populations of EVs. Since EVs are generally time consuming to isolate and analyze, it is beneficial to be able to get more information from each sample. Bio-Techne will help streamline your EV experiments with ready-to-use kits for EV characterization by flow cytometry.
Following the MIFlowCyt-EV Framework for Extracellular Vesicle Flow CytometryIn order to improve the quality of EV Flow cytometry experiments and standardize reporting, the International Society for Advancement of Cytometry (ISAC), International Society for Extracellular Vesicles (ISEV), and the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis (ISTH) collaborated to develop framework published as MIFlowCyt-EV. Bio-Techne is here to help you simplify your EV Flow Cytometry experiments with products and resources to help you achieve your research goals. EV Isolation | Sample Preparation | Assay Controls | Instrument Considerations Pre-analytical Variables: Extracellular Vesicle IsolationAs with any EV experiment, one of the most important considerations is the method of isolation and degree of contamination. It is recommended to continue to follow guidelines set forth by the MISEV 2018 working group. Size-exclusion chromatography columns (SEC) can be used to isolate extracellular vesicles from biological fluids and cell culture media according to MISEV Guidelines. Bio-Techne has SEC columns and ultrafiltration devices to concentrate dilute matrices like urine and cell culture medium.
Find More Products for Exosome Isolation and Detection Sample Preparation for EV Flow CytometryAntibody quality is an important factor in achieving reproducible results. Bio-Techne follows the 5 Pillars of Antibody Validation established by the International Working Group for Antibody Validation (IWGAV). Common markers for EV analysis include the tetraspanins CD9, CD81, and CD63.
Explore Knockout (KO) Validated Antibodies for Flow Cytometry Due to their small size, fluorescence intensity from an EV will be dimmer than fluorescence intensity on a cell, so it is recommended to use antibodies conjugated to bright fluorochromes like PE, PE/Atto594, AlexaFluor® 647, and APC.
Experimental Assay Controls for EV Flow CytometryThe MIFlowCyt-EV recommends additional controls for EV flow cytometry to ensure an accurate representation of data (listed in table below). These controls are in addition to traditional single color and isotype controls included in every flow cytometry experiment. It is also recommended that all reagents should be filtered including antibodies, staining buffers, and sheath fluid, to better discriminate EVs from debris and protein aggregates.
To build confidence in experimental results, Bio-Techne offers lyophilized and fluorescently labeled exosome standards from various cell lines and biofluids to serve as a positive control in EV flow cytometry assays. These EV standards have been isolated using ultracentrifugation, following MISEV Guidelines.
Instrument Considerations for EV Flow CytometryAccording to MIFlowCyt-EV, Instrument calibration is a critical step to conducting a successful and reproducible EV Flow Cytometry experiment. In addition to traditional compensation and calibration bead kits, Bio-Techne offers specific support products to help complete the MIFlowCyt-EV checklist.
Traditional flow cytometers with FSC/SSC firing from the blue (488 nm) laser are not sensitive enough to detect nanometer-sized particles by light-scatter.
Select ReferencesInglis, H., Norris, P., Danesh, A. (2015), Techniques for the analysis of extracellular vesicles using flow cytometry. J Vis Exp, 97:52484. https://doi.org/10.3791%2F52484
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
