The transcription factor nuclear factor kappa beta (NFkB) is highly regulated by triggers such as stress, free-radicals, UV light, and hypoxia. NFkB is one of the fastest responding transcription factors in humans. The NFKB signaling pathway is essential for cancer progression because it governs many downstream molecules that control cellular growth and development. The effects of NFkB on angiogenic pathways and cell response mechanisms to stress and damage are well established in the literature. NFkB is normally silenced in the cytoplasm by association with its inhibitory protein IkB. Ligands such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF) or other cytokines trigger phosphorylation of IkB by the IkB kinase (IKK) complex. This phosphorylation triggers IkB degradation, resulting in the release of the NF-kB dimers which are then free to translocate into the nucleus and activate downstream target genes. IkB alpha is one of six members of the IkB family.
Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: IKB alpha Antibody (6A920) [NB100-56507] - Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded human breast probed with IkBa antibody at 5 ug/ml. Human tissue TMA was used for this test.Staining of formalin-fixed tissues is enhanced by boiling tissue sections in 10 mM sodium citrate buffer, pH 6.0 for 10-20 min followed by cooling at RT for 20 min.
Cancer researchers performed IkB alpha antibody immunohistochemistry in their explorations of oral cancer progression (1). Their studies focused on determining the roles of NFKB and COX-2 expression profiles in assessing minimal residual disease in surgical margins. A paper examining how inflammatory stimuli induce the p38 MAPK signaling network was published by Saccani’s group in Nature Immunology using the IkB alpha antibody (2). Immunoblotting with the IkB alpha antibody allowed Lu's group at the University of British Columbia to investigate the role of the novel microtubule-associated protein JWA in metastatic melanoma cell invasion (3). Their data demonstrates that JWA inhibits angiogenesis by blocking ILK-dependent signaling, and suggest that JWA has a role as an independent prognostic biomarker. The same research group also published complementary tissue microarray results, once again using the IkB alpha antibody (4). This work links JWA to the inhibitor of growth family member 4 (ING4) signaling network and both are promising prognostic markers and therapeutic targets. Studies from lab at University used the IkB alpha antibody to explore the role of endothelial insulin signaling in atherosclerotic vascular disease and diabetes (5).
Novus Biologicals offers IkB-alpha reagents for your research needs including:
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