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Physical Dependence: Disease Bioinformatics

Research of Physical Dependence has been linked to Substance Withdrawal Syndrome, Substance-related Disorders, Patient Dependence On, Morphine Dependence, Pain. The study of Physical Dependence has been mentioned in research publications which can be found using our bioinformatics tool below. Researched pathways related to Physical Dependence include Sensitization, Reflex, Response To Morphine, Righting Reflex, Locomotion. These pathways complement our catalog of research reagents for the study of Physical Dependence including antibodies and ELISA kits against POMC, ENKEPHALIN, GABAA, OPRM1, ERMAP.

Top Research Reagents

We have 1804 products for the study of Physical Dependence that can be applied to Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP), Flow Cytometry, Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence, Immunohistochemistry, Western Blot from our catalog of antibodies and ELISA kits.

Cholecystokinin Antibody (2753A) [Unconjugated]
MAB11040
CCK was detected in immersion fixed Capan‑2 human pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell line (positive staining) and Daudi human Burkitt's lymphoma cell line (negative staining) using Rabbit Anti-Human CCK Monoclonal Antibody (Catalog # MAB11040) at 3 µg/mL for 3 hours at room temperature. Cells were stained using the NorthernLights™ 557-conjugated Anti-Rabbit IgG Secondary Antibody (red; Catalog # <a class=NoLineLink href=CCK was detected in immersion fixed paraffin-embedded sections of human duodenum using Rabbit Anti-Human CCK Monoclonal Antibody (Catalog # MAB11040) at 3 µg/mL for 1 hour at room temperature followed by incubation with the Anti-Rabbit IgG VisUCyte™ HRP Polymer Antibody (<a class=NoLineLink href=

Rabbit Monoclonal
Species Human
Applications IHC, ICC

EAAT2/GLT1 Antibody - Azide Free
NBP1-20136
Western Blot: EAAT2/GLT1 Antibody - Azide Free [NBP1-20136] - Blocking: 1% LFDM for 30 min at RT; primary antibody: dilution 1:1000 incubated overnight at 4C.Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence: EAAT2/GLT1 Antibody - Azide Free [NBP1-20136] - Human NPCs differentiate into mature neurons. Immunofluorescence staining of differentiated neurons derived from human dorsal NPCs (1323-2 line, day 35 after differentiation) for mature cortical neuronal markers expressed in the nucleus (BRN2, TBR1, NeuN) and cytoplasm (MAP2), glial markers (SOX9, GFAP, GLT1), and dorsal forebrain marker (FOXG1). Nuclei stained with DAPI, shown as an overlay over brightfield images. The merge is an overlay of the neuronal and glial markers. Scale bar 100 um. DAPI 4,6'-diamino-2-phenylindole Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//stemcellres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13287-018-0812-6) licensed under a CC-BY license.

Rabbit Polyclonal
Species Human, Mouse, Rat
Applications WB, Flow, ICC/IF

12 Publications
Calreticulin Antibody - BSA Free
NB600-101
Knockdown Validated: Calreticulin Antibody [NB600-101] - Western blot shows lysates of HeLa human cervical epithelial carcinoma parental cell line and Calreticulin knockout (KO) HeLa cell line. PVDF membrane was probed with 1:1500 of Rabbit Anti-Human Calreticulin Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # NB600-101) followed by HRP-conjugated Anti-Rabbit IgG Secondary Antibody (Catalog #HAF008). Specific band was detected for Calreticulin at approximately 55 kDa (as indicated) in the parental HeLa cell line, but is not detectable in the knockout HeLa cell line. This experiment was conducted under reducing conditions.Western Blot: Calreticulin Antibody [NB600-101] - Human kidney lysate.

Rabbit Polyclonal
Species Human, Mouse, Rat
Applications WB, Simple Western, DB

28 Publications
Cannabinoid R1/CB1/CNR1 Antibody - BSA Free
NLS32
Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence: Cannabinoid R1/CB1/CNR1 Antibody [NLS32] - Analysis of anti-CNR1 / CB1 antibody with HEK293 human embryonic kidney cells.Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: Cannabinoid R1/CB1/CNR1 Antibody [NLS32] - Brain, substantia nigra

Rabbit Polyclonal
Species Human, Mouse, Rat
Applications ICC/IF, IHC, IHC-P

mu Opioid R/OPRM1 Antibody
NBP1-31180
Western Blot: mu Opioid R/OPRM1 Antibody [NBP1-31180] - Sample(30 ug of whole cell lysate) A:A431 B:H1299 7.5% SDS PAGE, antibody diluted at 1:500.Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence: mu Opioid R/OPRM1 Antibody [NBP1-31180] - MOR immunofluorescence in human astrocytes and microglia. MOR and GFAP co-localization in subsets of primary human astrocytes (C) immunofluorescence in subpopulations of primary human microglia (ScienCell; catalog number 1900-f1) cultured as described for astrocytes. Cells were fixed with 3.7% paraformaldehyde, permeabilized with 0.5% Triton X-100, immuno-labeled, nuclei were stained with DAPI (blue). Primary antibodies used at a 1:200 dilution. Images were acquired using a Zeiss LSM 700 laser scanning confocal microscope at 63x (1.42 NA) magnification and ZEN 2010 software (Carl Zeiss Inc, Thornwood, NY), and edited using ZEN 2009 Light Edition (Zeiss) and Adobe Photoshop CS3 Extended 10.0 software (Adobe Systems, Inc.). Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22591368/), licensed under a CC-BY license.

Rabbit Polyclonal
Species Human
Applications WB, Flow, ICC/IF

     1 Review

5 Publications
Secretin R Antibody
NBP1-86125
Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: Secretin R Antibody [NBP1-86125] - Staining of human stomach shows strong membranous positivity in glandular cells.Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: Secretin R Antibody [NBP1-86125] - Staining of human pancreas shows strong membranous positivity in interlobular ducts.

Rabbit Polyclonal
Species Human
Applications IHC, IHC-P

1 Publication
gamma-Synuclein Antibody
NBP1-89996
Western Blot: gamma-Synuclein Antibody [NBP1-89996] - Lane 1: Marker [kDa] 230, 130, 95, 72, 56, 36, 28, 17, 11. Lane 2: Human cell line RT-4Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: gamma-Synuclein Antibody [NBP1-89996] - Staining of human urinary bladder shows strong cytoplasmic positivity in urothelial cells.

Rabbit Polyclonal
Species Human
Applications WB, IHC, IHC-P

ERK1 Antibody (1E5) - BSA Free
NBP2-22203
Western Blot: ERK1 Antibody (1E5) [NBP2-22203] - Western blot analysis of whole cell lysates from (1) MCF7 (2) NIH3T3 cell lines using ERK1 antibody (clone 1E5) at 1:1000 dilution. The signal was developed using HRP labeled goat-anti Mouse secondary antibody with ECL based detection. Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence: ERK1 Antibody (1E5) [NBP2-22203] - Analysis of NIH/3T3 cells using ERK1 mouse mAb (green). Blue: DRAQ5 fluorescent DNA dye. Red: Actin filaments have been labeled with Alexa Fluor-555 phalloidin.

Mouse Monoclonal
Species Human, Mouse, Rat
Applications WB, ELISA, Flow

1 Publication
POMC Antibody
NB100-1533
Immunohistochemistry: POMC Antibody [NB100-1533] - Representative confocal images of POMC in POMC-transfected WT and Sel1L-/- N2a cells. White arrows point to POMC-containing secretory granules, while yellow arrows point to perinuclear POMC. KDEL marks the ER. Representative data from at least 2 independent experiments are shown. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (jci.org/articles/view/96420), licensed under a CC-BY license.Flow Cytometry: POMC Antibody [NB100-1533] - Flow cytometric analysis of paraformaldehyde fixed A431 cells (blue line), permeabilized with 0.5% Triton. Primary incubation 1hr (10 ug/mL) followed by Alexa Fluor 488 secondary antibody (1 ug/mL). IgG control: Unimmunized goat IgG (black line) followed by Alexa Fluor 488 secondary antibody.

Goat Polyclonal
Species Human, Mouse, Rat
Applications WB, Flow, ICC/IF

10 Publications
Neurophysin II/Arg-vasopressin Antibody [Unconjugated]
AF009
Neurophysin II was detected in immersion fixed paraffin-embedded sections of human pituitary using Goat Anti-Human Neurophysin II Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF009) at 3 µg/mL for 1 hour at room temperature followed by incubation with the Anti-Goat IgG VisUCyte™ HRP Polymer Antibody (<a class=NoLineLink href=

Goat Polyclonal
Species Human
Applications WB, IHC

ERK2 Antibody [Unconjugated]
AF1230
Western blot shows lysates of HeLa human cervical epithelial carcinoma cell line, MCF-7 human breast cancer cell line, U937 human histiocytic lymphoma cell line, PC-12 rat adrenal pheochromocytoma cell line, and NIH-3T3 mouse embryonic fibroblast cell line. PVDF membrane was probed with 0.1 µg/mL of Rabbit Anti-Human/Mouse/Rat ERK2 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF1230) followed by HRP-conjugated Anti-Rabbit IgG Secondary Antibody (Catalog # <a class= ERK2 was detected in immersion fixed paraffin-embedded sections of human breast using Rabbit Anti-Human/Mouse/Rat ERK2 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF1230) at 3 µg/mL for 1 hour at room temperature followed by incubation with the Anti-Rabbit IgG VisUCyte™ HRP Polymer Antibody (Catalog # <a class=

Rabbit Polyclonal
Species Human, Mouse, Rat
Applications WB, IHC, KO

3 Publications
CD55/DAF Antibody [Unconjugated]
AF2009
CD55/DAF was detected in immersion fixed HeLa human cervical epithelial carcinoma cell line (left panel, positive staining) and MOLT-4 human acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell line (right panel, negative staining) using Goat Anti-Human CD55/DAF Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF2009) at 0.5 µg/mL for 3 hours at room temperature. Cells were stained using the NorthernLights™ 557-conjugated Anti-Goat IgG Secondary Antibody (red; Catalog # <a class=CD55/DAF was detected in immersion fixed paraffin-embedded sections of human colon cancer tissue using 15 µg/mL Goat Anti-Human CD55/DAF Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF2009) overnight at 4 °C. Tissue was stained with the Anti-Goat HRP-DAB Cell & Tissue Staining Kit (brown; Catalog # <a class=

Goat Polyclonal
Species Human
Applications IHC, ICC

8 Publications
ERMAP Antibody [Unconjugated]
AF4928
K562 human chronic myelogenous leukemia cell line was stained with Goat Anti-Human ERMAP Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF4928, filled histogram) or control antibody (Catalog # <A class=NoLineLink href=

Goat Polyclonal
Species Human
Applications WB, Flow, CyTOF-ready

CREB [p Ser133] [Biotin]
DYC2510-2
ELISA CREB [p Ser133] [Biotin]A lysate prepared from HeLa human cervical epithelial carcinoma cells treated with 200 nM PMA for 20 minutes was analyzed with this DuoSet IC ELISA. The Human/Mouse/Rat Phospho-CREB (S133) DuoSet IC Detection Antibody was either untreated (no peptide) or pre-incubated with a phosphopeptide containing the CREB S133 phosphorylation site, a phosphopeptide containing the GSK-3 beta S9 phosphorylation site, a phosphopeptide containing the c-Jun S63 phosphorylation site, or a phosphopeptide containing the Raf1 S338 phosphorylation site. Peptides were used at 40 ng/mL. Only the phosphopeptide containing the CREB S133 phosphorylation site blocks the signal, indicating that the DuoSet IC ELISA is specific for CREB phosphorylation at S133.


Species Human, Mouse, Rat
Applications ELISA

9 Publications
c-Fos Antibody (2H2)
NBP2-50037
Western Blot: c-Fos Antibody (2H2) [NBP2-50037] - Top panel: Analysis of c-Fos expression in HeLa cells using NBP2-50037. Lane 1: HeLa cells were serum-starved for 36 hours. Lane 2: Serum-starved HeLa cells were stimulated with 20% FBS (fetal bovine serum) for 2 hours. NBP2-50037 recognizes bands in the range of 50-65 kDa, which represent multiple forms of c-Fos. Serum starvation attenuates c-Fos expression, while 20% FBS strongly stimulates c-Fos expression. Bottom panel: Blot was stripped and probed with monoclonal antibody against GAPDH (NB300-221) used as loading control.Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence: c-Fos Antibody (2H2) [NBP2-50037] - Section of rat hippocampus stained with mouse monoclonal antibody to c-FOS NBP2-50037 in red and counterstained with rabbit polyclonal antibody to FOX3/NeuN. DAPI reveals nuclei of neurons and glia in blue. The hippocampal neurons stain green for FOX3/NeuN and a few also are expressing c-FOS, and so appear orange. These cells were spontaneously active at the time the animal was sacrificed.

Mouse Monoclonal
Species Human, Mouse, Rat
Applications WB, ICC/IF, IHC

     1 Review

19 Publications
nNOS Antibody
NB100-858
Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence: nNOS Antibody [NB100-858] - Action potentials were evoked with depolarizing current pulses. (A) Neuron from colonic specimen of non-treated patient fired 1 action potential in response to a depolarizing current. (A') Intracellular injection of carboxyfluorescein during recording confirmed Dogiel type I, uniaxonal morphology. (AImmunohistochemistry-Paraffin: nNOS Antibody [NB100-858] - Staining of paraffin embedded Human Cortex. Steamed antigen retrieval with citrate buffer pH 6, AP-staining. Antibody at 2.5 ug/mL.

Goat Polyclonal
Species Human, Mouse, Rat
Applications WB, Flow, ICC/IF

     1 Review

15 Publications

Related Genes

Physical Dependence has been researched against:

Related Pathways

Physical Dependence has been linked to:

Related Diseases

Physical Dependence has been studied in relation to diseases such as:

Related PTMs

Physical Dependence has been studied in relation to posttranslational modifications (PTMs) including:

Alternate Names

Physical Dependence is also known as Physical Addiction, Physiological Addiction.