Donkey anti-Goat IgG (H+L) Secondary Antibody [Alkaline Phosphatase] (Pre-adsorbed) Summary
| Description |
Store vial at 4C before opening. DO NOT FREEZE. This product is stable at 4C as an undiluted liquid. Dilute only prior to immediate use. Freezing alkaline phosphatase conjugates will result in a substantial loss of enzymatic activity.
This product was prepared from monospecific antiserum by immunoaffinity chromatography using Goat IgG coupled to agarose beads followed by solid phase adsorption(s) to remove any unwanted reactivities. Assay by immunoelectrophoresis resulted in a single precipitin arc against anti-Alkaline Phosphatase (calf intestine), anti-Donkey Serum, Goat IgG and Goat Serum |
| Immunogen |
Goat IgG whole molecule |
| Specificity |
This antibody was pre-adsorbed against Chicken, Guinea Pig, Hamster, Horse, Mouse, Rabbit, and Rat Serum Proteins.
No reaction was observed against Chicken, Guinea Pig, Hamster, Horse, Mouse, Rabbit and Rat Serum Proteins. |
| Isotype |
IgG |
| Clonality |
Polyclonal |
| Host |
Donkey |
| Purity |
Multi-step |
Applications/Dilutions
| Dilutions |
- ELISA 1:3000 - 1:50000
- Immunohistochemistry 1:200 - 1:1000
- Western Blot 1:500 - 1:2000
|
| Application Notes |
This product has been tested by ELISA and is suitable for immunoblotting (western or dot blot), ELISA, immunoelectron microscopy and immunohistochemistry as well as other antibody-based enzymatic assays requiring lot-to-lot consistency. |
Packaging, Storage & Formulations
| Storage |
Store at 4C. Do not freeze. |
| Buffer |
0.05 M Tris Chloride, 0.15M Sodium Chloride, 0.001M Magnesium Chloride, 0.0001M Zinc Chloride, 50% (v/v) Glycerol; pH 8.0, 10 mg/mL Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) - Immunoglobulin and Protease free |
| Preservative |
0.1% Sodium Azide |
| Purity |
Multi-step |
Background
Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins (Igs) are critical for immunity and are grouped into five primary classes: IgG, IgM, IgA, IgD, and IgE. The most abundant antibody isotype is immunoglobulin G (IgG) with concentrations ranging from 7.5-22 mg/ml in human serum and has a molecular weight of 150 kDa. The major effector functions of IgG include neutralization, opsonization, complement fixation and antibody dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). This monomeric immunoglobulin, expressed on the surface of mature B cells, is often depicted as a Y-shape and comprised of 2 heavy chains and 2 light chains linked by disulfide bonds. The heavy chain is type gamma including subtypes gamma 1, gamma 2, gamma 3, and gamma 4 while the light chain is either a kappa or lambda chain. An IgG molecule has two antigen binding sites, each consisting of a heavy and light chain N-terminal variable domain. When combined with the constant heavy chain 1 (Ch1) and the constant light chain domains, it forms the fragment antigen-binding (Fab) region (2 per antibody). The remaining domains (Ch2-Ch4) of both heavy chains make up the Fc region and contain a site for covalently linking an enzymatic or fluorochrome probe, such as HRP or Janelia Fluor 549, for target detection and visualization (1,2,3).
The 4 IgG subclasses, sharing 95% amino acid identity, include IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, and IgG4 for humans and IgG1, IgG2a, IgG2b, and IgG3 for mice. The relative abundance of each human subclass is 60% for IgG1, 32% for IgG2, 4% for IgG3, and 4% for IgG4. In an IgG deficiency, there may be a shortage of one or more subclasses (4).
References
1. Painter RH. (1998) Encyclopedia of Immunology (Second Edition). Elsevier. 1208-1211
2. Chapter 9 - Antibodies. (2012) Immunology for Pharmacy. Mosby 70-78
3. Schroeder H, Cavacini, L. (2010) Structure and Function of Immunoglobulins. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 125(2 0 2): S41-S52. PMID: 20176268
4. Vidarsson G, Dekkers G, Rispens T. (2014) IgG subclasses and allotypes: from structure to effector functions. Front Immunol. 5:520. PMID: 25368619
Limitations
This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Secondary Antibodies are
guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.
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