CD11b Products

Description

CD11b (integrin alpha M subunit) is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein. CD11b combines with the Integrin beta 2 subunit (CD18) to form the non-covalent heterodimer Integrin alpha M/beta 2, also known as Mac-1 and complement receptor type 3 (CR3). The CD11b/CD18 (Mac-1) heterodimer has a theoretical molecular weight of 127kDa but is often observed near 170kDa due to post translational modifications. Integrins are transmembrane proteins that mediate interactions between adhesion molecules on adjacent cells and/or the extracellular matrix. Integrins have diverse roles in several biological processes, including cell migration during development, wound healing, cell differentiation, and apoptosis. The particular integrin CD11b is known as a pro-inflammatory molecule given its ability to promote phagocyte cytotoxic functions while enhancing several effector molecules such as FcGR, uPAR, and CD14 (1). In macrophages, CpG-DNA stimulates lysosomal degradation and vacuolar acidification, subsequently promoting CD11b release via TLR9 (2). During an acute infection, high CD11b/Mac-1 expression on antigen-specific CD8 (+) T cells can signify recent activation of the immune system, whereas naive T cells and virus-specific memory CD8 (+) T cells express little or no Mac-1 when exposed to a virus (3). Variations at the ITGAM gene, which encodes for the CD11b chain of the Mac-1 integrin, is one of the main genetic risk factors involved in systemic lupus erythematosus /SLE disorder (4).

References

1. Rosetti, F., & Mayadas, T. N. (2016). The many faces of Mac-1 in autoimmune disease. Immunol Rev, 269(1), 175-193. doi:10.1111/imr.12373

2. Kim, D., Kim, T. H., Wu, G., Park, B. K., Ha, J. H., Kim, Y. S., . . . Kwon, H. J. (2016). Extracellular Release of CD11b by TLR9 Stimulation in Macrophages. PLoS One, 11(3), e0150677. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0150677

3. Christensen, J. E., Andreasen, S. O., Christensen, J. P., & Thomsen, A. R. (2001). CD11b expression as a marker to distinguish between recently activated effector CD8(+) T cells and memory cells. Int Immunol, 13(4), 593-600. doi:10.1093/intimm/13.4.593

4. Nath, S. K., Han, S., Kim-Howard, X., Kelly, J. A., Viswanathan, P., Gilkeson, G. S., . . . Harley, J. B. (2008). A nonsynonymous functional variant in integrin-alpha(M) (encoded by ITGAM) is associated with systemic lupus erythematosus. Nat Genet, 40(2), 152-154. doi:10.1038/ng.71

Bioinformatics

Entrez	16409 Mouse 25021 Rat 3684 Human
Uniprot	E9Q604 Mouse NP_000623 Human P05555 Mouse P11215 Human
Product By Gene ID	3684
Alternate Names	antigen CD11b (p170) CD11 antigen-like family member B CD11b antigen CD11b Cell surface glycoprotein MAC-1 subunit alpha Complement component 3 receptor 3 subunit CR-3 alpha chain CR3A CR3AMGC117044 integrin alpha-M integrin, alpha M (complement component 3 receptor 3 subunit) Leukocyte adhesion receptor MO1 MAC-1 MAC1A macrophage antigen alpha polypeptide MO1A neutrophil adherence receptor alpha-M subunit Neutrophil adherence receptor SLEB6

Research Areas for CD11b

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Related CD11b Blog Posts

Check out the latest blog posts on CD11b.

Topics in CD11b: The innate immune response Integrins are transmembrane receptors composed of alpha and beta chains, where beta-integrins are mainly expressed in leukocytes. Leukocytes are white blood cells that act in the immune system to defend our body against foreign pathogens.  Integrin...    Read more.

CD11b Expression, Leukocyte Adhesion and the Innate Immune System What is CD11b?CD11b is an integrin family member which pairs with CD18 to form the CR3 heterodimer. CD11b is expressed on the surface of many leukocytes including monocytes, neutrophils, natural killer cells, granulocytes and macrophages, as well as o...    Read more.

The CD11b Antibody: A Marker for Microglial Cells Microglia are the resident macrophages of the central nervous system, and the first line of immune defense. Pioneering antibody research in the 1990's identified the Integrin beta 2 protein (also called ITGB2, complement receptor 3, CR3, CD18, and Mac...    Read more.

CD11b/CD18 and Neutrophil-Epithelial Interactions as Targets for Anti-Inflammatory Therapies The beta-2 integrins, a family of four cell surface transmembrane glycoproteins expressed only on leukocytes, include CD11a/CD18, CD11b/CD18, CD11c/CD18, and CD11d/CD18. They consist of a common beta subunit (CD18) and homologous alpha subunits (CD11a...    Read more.

Adhesion Receptor Molecule CD11b/c is the Point of Entry for many Infectious Diseases Pathogenic microorganisms utilize a variety of cell surface receptors to gain entry into host cells and to bypass the natural defense mechanisms. One of the most prominent receptors used in this fashion is the leukocyte adhesion receptor CD11b/c. This...    Read more.

CD11b: Marker for a New Type of B Cell that Participates in Cell-Mediated Immunity Think B lymphocytes just produce antibodies? Think again! Although, of course, B cells are vital for the humoral immune response, many studies in recent years have begun to uncover antibody-independent actions of B cells: regulating T cells and thus a...    Read more.

CD11b - More than a microglial marker The protein CD11b has been implicated in the various adhesion-related interactions of cells such as monocytes, macrophages, natural killer (NK) cells, and granulocytes. It is part of a heterodimer that consists of CD11b and CD18. It also modulates the...    Read more.

TMEM 119 is a specific marker of microglia cells By Jennifer Sokolowski, MD, PhD.Microglia are a major immune-cell component in the brain. They ingest and degrade dead cells, debris, and foreign material and interact with other immune cells to orchestrate centra...    Read more.

Antibody treatment can generate microglia-like cells from bone marrow By Jennifer Sokolowski, MD, PhD.Microglia play important roles in the brain in both homeostatic and pathological conditions, acting to clear debris and dying cells. There is evidence to suggest that microglial dys...    Read more.

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