Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play an essential role in the activation of innate immunity, and TLRs are expressed in a large number of immune cells as well as in epithelial cells. TLR9 recognizes synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) containing unmethylated deoxycytidyl-deoxyguanosine (CpG) motifs and mimics the immunostimulatory activity of bacterial DNA. It is now well established that TLR9 is also expressed in various cancer cells, including breast, brain, ovarian, gastric, lung and prostate cancer cells (1). Protein expression of TLR9 assessed by immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting using anti-TLR9 antibodies demonstrated high levels of TLR9 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma indicating that functional cell surface expression of TLR9 may play an important role in tumorigenesis and cancer progression. (2). TLR9 has also detected in canine peripheral blood mononuclear cells by ELISA, Western and immunohistochemistry using anti-TLR9 antibodies implying that TLR9 is fairly conserved across species (3). The favorable influence of TLR9 expression on the course of the disease may be based on the immunologic response generated. The prognostic significance of TLR9 expression in cancers or other diseases should be evaluated in several cohorts and is an open area of research. Novus Biologicals offers a wide range of TLR9 related products including poly and monoclonal antibodies, recombinant proteins, ELISA kits, protein lysates and RNAi for your research needs.
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TLR9 Primary Antibodies
TLR9 Lysates
TLR9 Peptides & Proteins
TLR9 RNAi
