Stem cell marker antibodies are used to identify and isolate stem cells in vitro. Whereas adult stem cells can only differentiate into one cell type, embryonic stem cells (ESCs) have the unique ability to differentiate into a large variety. Stem cells can be genetically manipulated into specific cell lines, and researchers have recently developed a promising new method of producing ESC-like cell lines from adult stem cells. We at Novus Biologicals have a large antibody database specific to adult and embryonic stem cell research.
Stem cells are found in both healthy and diseased tissue. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are expressed in both solid tumors and leukaemias, and are of particular interest as they are resistant to many therapies, and are thought to drive metastatic spread of cancer cells. Hypoxia is closely linked to CSC research, as disruptions of hypoxic pathways are linked to anti-apoptosis and the development of cancer cells. Stem cells are often found in hypoxic environments in vivo.
This has relevance in the culturing of stem cells for in vitro assays, since low oxygen pressures can affect cultures in a number of ways. This includes decreased spontaneous differentiation rates, and a reduction in the dedifferentiation of tumor cells being generated for cancer cell lines. Hypoxia can also improve the generation rate of pluripotent stem cell generation. Thus, controlled hypoxia in stem cell culture can be seen as beneficial. However, at present it is difficult to control oxygen levels to precise levels, and therefore hypoxia markers must be utilized.
At Novus Biologicals, we have an extensive antibody catalog, with many specifically for embryonic stem cell research.
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