SARS-CoV-2 Spike Antibody (CR3022) - Azide and BSA Free

The SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein is one of the four major structural proteins of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of COVID-19 (1,2). The spike protein is the largest of the structural proteins, which also include the membrane (M), envelope (E), and nucleocapsid (N) proteins (1,2). The SARS-CoV-2 spike protein is a 1273 amino acid (aa) heterotrimeric class I fusion protein with each monomer having a theoretical molecular weight of approximately 180 kDa (1). The club-shaped spike protein contains several functional regions and domains including the S1 globular head region which contains the N-terminal receptor-binding domain (RBD) and the S2 stem region that contains the C-terminal fusion domain, two heptad regions, a transmembrane domain, and a cytoplasmic tail (1,2). The viral spike protein is critical for attachment of the virus with the host cell, resulting in fusion and virus entry into the cell (1,2). More specifically, the RBD of the spike protein is responsible for binding to the cell surface receptor angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) (1,2). This spike-ACE2 interaction results in a conformational change permitting furin cleavage between the S1 and S2 domains and then cleavage at S2' by TMPRRS2, or another protease, allowing membrane fusion (1,2).

Given the critical role of the spike protein RBD in the interaction with the ACE2 receptor and viral entry, a number of neutralizing antibodies against the RBD have been developed as potential therapeutics for treating COVID-19 (3). These antibodies bind the RBD domain on the S1 subunit inhibiting the interaction with ACE2 (3). However, more studies need to be done as neutralizing antibodies can result in antibody-dependent enhancement, in which the viral entry and replication within the host cell is increased (4). One potential way to combat antibody-dependent enhancement is the use of nanobodies (4). Furthermore, there are currently several vaccine strategies that are in clinical trials, or recently federally approved, that utilize the spike protein in different forms (e.g. full length, S1 RBD, RBD-Fc, N-terminal) for protecting against SARS-CoV-2 infection (4,5). These vaccine strategies include DNA vaccines, viral vector-based vaccines, RNA vaccines, and subunit vaccines (4,5).

References

1. Pillay T. S. (2020). Gene of the month: the 2019-nCoV/SARS-CoV-2 novel coronavirus spike protein. Journal of Clinical Pathology. https://doi.org/10.1136/jclinpath-2020-206658

2. Malik Y. A. (2020). Properties of Coronavirus and SARS-CoV-2. The Malaysian Journal of Pathology.

3. Ho M. (2020). Perspectives on the development of neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2. Antibody Therapeutics. https://doi.org/10.1093/abt/tbaa009

4. Samrat, S. K., Tharappel, A. M., Li, Z., & Li, H. (2020). Prospect of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein: Potential role in vaccine and therapeutic development. Virus Research. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.virusres.2020.198141

5. Sternberg, A., & Naujokat, C. (2020). Structural features of coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 spike protein: Targets for vaccination. Life Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118056

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.

We have publications tested in 1 confirmed species: SARS-CoV-2.

We have publications tested in 1 application: MiAr.

Showing Publications 1 - 5 of 5.

Publications using NBP2-90980	Applications	Species
Courtney Voss, Sally Esmail, Xuguang Liu, Michael J. Knauer, Suzanne Ackloo, Tomonori Kaneko, Lori Lowes, Peter Stogios, Almagul Seitova, Ashley Hutchinson, Farhad Yusifov, Tatiana Skarina, Elena Evdokimova, Peter Loppnau, Pegah Ghiabi, Taraneh Haijan, Shanshan Zhong, Husam Abdoh, Benjamin D. Hedley, Vipin Bhayana, Claudio M. Martin, Marat Slessarev, Benjamin Chin-Yee, Douglas D. Fraser, Ian Chin-Yee, Shawn S.C. Li Epitope-specific antibody responses differentiate COVID-19 outcomes and variants of concern JCI Insight 2021-07-08 [PMID: 34081630]
Kaneko T, Esmail S, Voss C et al. System-wide hematopoietic and immune signaling aberrations in COVID-19 revealed by deep proteome and phosphoproteome analysis Research Square 2021-02-10 (MiAr)	MiAr
Staufer O, Gupta K, Hernandez BUcher JE et al. Synthetic virions reveal fatty acid-coupled adaptive immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein Nature communications 2022-02-14 [PMID: 35165285] (SARS-CoV-2)		SARS-CoV-2
Esmail S, Knauer M, Abdoh H et al. Rapid and accurate agglutination-based testing for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies Cell Rep Methods 2021-07-08 [PMID: 34235498]
Cai Q, Mu J, Lei Y et al. Simultaneous detection of the spike and nucleocapsid proteins from SARS-CoV-2 based on ultrasensitive single molecule assays Anal Bioanal Chem 2021-05-31 [PMID: 34057558]

Array NBP2-90980

• SARS-CoV-2 Spike Antibodies
• SARS-CoV-2 Spike ELISA Kit
• SARS-CoV-2 Spike Proteins
• SARS-CoV-2 Spike Proteins and Enzymes