VEGFR-2 is a family member of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family of membrane receptor tyrosine kinases. It is a key regulator of the process of angiogenesis that takes place during fundamental developmental processes such as embryogenesis, skeletal growth, and reproductive functions. Like other growth factor receptors, upon ligand binding, VEGFR2 dimerizes and is autophosphorylated on multiple tyrosine residues. These sites are multifunctional- they can regulate kinase activity, or serve as binding sites for adapters (such as SH2) or other signaling proteins. The phosphorylation of tyrosines 1054 and 1059 in the activation loop are required for VEGFR2. The VEGF signaling pathway is heavily implicated in conditions of pathological angiogenesis like those found in tumors and intraocular neovascular disorders. Thus, antibodies to the components of the VEGF system have been extensively used to characterize, dissect, and gain an in-depth understanding of multiple tumorigenic pathways in a vast array of tumor-specific models.
Immunohistochemistry-Frozen: VEGF R2/KDR/Flk-1 Antibody
Cancer biology scientists at Pfizer employed the VEGFR-2 antibody to comprehensively characterize the biological functions and antitumor efficacy of axitinib, a potent VEGFR inhibitor (1). With the VEGFR-2 antibody, Puglisi’s group created detailed and comprehensive expression profiles in human breast carcinomas that included the secreted adhesion periostin as a marker for angiogenesis and metastasis (2). Interesting results using the VEGFR-2 antibody in bone marrow-derived angiogenic cells (BMDACs) suggest that HIF-1 metabolic reprogramming induces the survival of these cells in ischemic tissues and could have potentially viable therapeutic utility3. The VEGFR-2 antibody also helped Lashkari et al to evaluate VEGF and HGF protein levels in patients with advanced retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) (4). Groundbreaking experiments from the Bioprocessing Technology Institute in Singapore relied upon immunoblotting with the VEGFR-2 antibody for their identification of CHO cell-secreted autocrine growth factors (5). They used a complementary mass spectrometry-based shotgun proteomics strategy to ultimately develop a fully defined single-cell cloning media devoid of animal and serum components. Additionally, of the 290 secreted proteins identified, 9 were novel secreted growth factors.
Novus Biologicals offers VEGFR-2 reagents for your research needs including:
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