Viral infection triggers the antiviral cell response by activating the innate cellular immune system that recognizes various viral components. One component of this process is the cytoplasmic helicase RIG-1 which is a pattern recognition receptor. Like toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3), RIG-1 recognizes double-stranded (ds) RNA, but unlike TLR3, RIG-1 activates tank-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) and inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit epsilon (IKKepsilon) through the adaptor protein known as interferon-beta promoter stimulator 1 (IPS-1). This kinase cascade ultimately phosphorylates the transcription factors interferon regulatory factors 3 and 7 (IRF-3, IRF-7, respectively). Both of these are essential for type-I interferon expression. Not surprisingly, RIG-1 is required for interferon production in response to RNA viruses (paramyxoviruses, influenza virus, and Japanese encephalitis virus, among others).
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Immunohistochemistry: RIG-1 Antibody
Kanneganti reviews the innate immune system receptors (toll-like family, NOD-like family, and RIG-1-like family) as well as discuss various genetic mutations and interactions between family members1. Another review discusses the role of some of these receptors in microbial compound recognition as it pertains to health and disease2. Seki et al used the RIG-1 antibody to examine cytokine production stimulated by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in human fetal lung fibroblasts3. Their data provides valuable insight into how overproduction and imbalance in proinflammatory IL cytokines may cause allergic inflammation and RSV pathology. Very recent work from a group of Miami neurology researchers employed the RIG-1 antibody to help map and confirm RIG-1-dependent downstream signaling linked to amyloid precursor protein (APP) upregulation and Alzheimer's disease progression (AD) 4.
Novus Biologicals offers RIG-1 reagents for your research needs including:
PMIDs
