Platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule, also known as PECAM1 or cluster differentiation 31 (CD31), is an 82 kDa adhesion molecule that is expressed on platelets and leukocytes. Six isoforms are produced by alternative splicing and this protein undergoes post translation modification. PECAM -1 is found on chromosome 17. This protein is concentrated at the borders between endothelial cells.
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Immunohistochemistry-Frozen: CD31/PECAM1 Antibody
PECAM1 is a protein with many functions and has been linked to various pathological and physiological events. These physiological events include regulation of T-cell immunity and tolerance, Nitric Oxide production, angiogenesis and leukocyte transendothelial migration and inflammation. PECAM-1 consists of six extracellular Ig domains which interact with ligands on adjacent cells. Ig- homology domains 5 and 6 are responsible for the heterologous interactions between PECAM-1 and other ligands. Ig-homology domain 1 facilitates the function of PECAM-1 as a cell-cell adhesion molecule by mediating homophilic PECAM-1 interactions. Previous studies have suggested that PECAM-1 plays a key role in the adhesion cascade leading to the release of leukocytes during the inflammatory process. Blocking endothelial cell junctional PECAM-1 inhibited the accumulation of leukocytes at the site of infection. The movement of monocytes and neutrophils to the site of infection was also inhibited by pre-treatment with PECAM-1 antibodies. Understanding how PECAM-1 affects the cells of the immune system can provide further understanding of the immune response.
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