Apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) endonuclease 1 (APE1) plays an important role in the DNA base excision repair pathway. APE1 repairs damaged or mismatched nucleotides in DNA by hydrolyzing the phosphodiester backbone at apurinic/apyrimidinic sites (AP sites) which produces 5'-deoxyribose phosphate and a 3'-OH primer which is needed for repair synthesis. It has an absolute requirement for Mg2+ as a cofactor. Recently, the structure of APE1 with the Mg2+ cofactor was elucidated (1).
APE1 has recently been shown to play a role in regulating tumor angiogenesis. Clinical data suggests that APE1 upregulates fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) and its receptor, fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3). siRNA experiments subsequently showed that siRNA-mediated silencing of APE1 results in decreased tumor angiogenesis and decreased expression of FGF2 and FGFR3 (2), suggesting a novel role for APE1 regulating FGF2, FGFR3 and therefore, angiogenesis.
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Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence: APE1 Antibody
While APE1 may play a regulatory role role in tumor angiogenesis, mutated APE1 has been implicated in several forms of cancer. Polymorphisms in APE1 are associated with increased risk of ovarian (3) and lung cancers (4) but not colorectal cancer (5).
Novus Biologicals offers APE1 reagents for your research needs including:
