The ABCA1 molecule is a primary gatekeeper for regulating the intracellular transport of cholesterol. It belongs to a larger related multifamily of cAMP-dependent anion transporter cell membrane molecules. These key proteins are responsible for trafficking the reverse efflux of cholesterol from cells into peripheral tissues using the apolipoprotein A-1 (apo) carrier. In particular, the ABCA1 molecule exhibits a diverse expression profile and is found most highly expressed in macrophages.
Immunohistochemistry: ABCA1 Antibody [NB400-105] - Detection of ABCA1 in prostate epithelium showing luminal and membrane staining.
Sporstol et al from the University of Oslo used the ABCA1 antibody in their real-time RT-PCR and immunoblotting assays to create comprehensive expression pattern profiles based on cholesterol metabolism targets such as scavenger receptor type B class I (SR-BI), ABCA1, and ABC transporter G1 (ABCG1) proteins (1). Their results implicate the two hormones insulin and glucocorticoids - previously demonstrated to play central roles in carbohydrate metabolism - in gene regulation of reverse cholesterol transport. Bhatnagar’s group from West Virginia University also employed the ABCA1 antibody in their identification of a new function for the fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19) as a potent inhibitor of hepatic fatty acid synthesis (2). A recent publication from Hong’s group focused on understanding how the LXR-regulated E3 ubiquitin ligase IDOL differentially regulates plasma LDL levels in primates and mice (3). Their findings that the LXR-IDOL system exerts both tissue- and species-specific effects depended upon use of the ABCA1 antibody. The ABCA1 antibody was used in molecular engineering studies by University of Chicago researchers who were able to engineer targeted polyelectrolyte complex micelles containing inhibitors against miRNAs that promote atherosclerosis (4). Their work is the first demonstration of the effectiveness of such an approach and has great potential for future translational applications. A-Gonzalez et al published in Nature Immunology in 2013 their work on the LXR alpha nuclear receptor and its role in generating specialized macrophage subsets from splenic-derived naive cohorts (5). Their mechanistic findings on LXR alpha signaling effects on the splenic marginal zone microenvironment required the use of the ABCA1 antibody.
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