Description
The lymphocyte antigen 6 (Ly-6) complex was first described in mice and since its discovery over 20 genes related to the Ly-6 complex on chromosome 15 have been classified (1). The Ly-6 family is commonly used as a cell-surface differentiation marker on both normal and abnormal cells (2). Ly-6 complex, locus G (Ly-6G) and Ly-6 complex, locus C (Ly-6C) both belong to the murine Ly6/urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) family of genes, which share a common structure (3). The Ly-6 family of proteins is characterized by a ~90 amino acid (aa) LU domain that consists of a three-finger structure formed by disulfide bonds (1,3). Additionally, many Ly6 proteins have a C-terminal GPI anchor, including Ly-6G/Ly-6C (1,3). Ly-6C protein has a molecular weight of 14 kDa and is expressed in some CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells, monocytes, neutrophils, and dendritic cells (1). Ly-6C has uniform expression in neutrophils but varies in monocytes where Ly-6Chi expression is specific for immature/inflammatory monocytes and Ly-6Clo expression identifies mature/residential monocytes (1,3). Ly-6G, on the other hand, is a protein with a molecular weight of 25 kDa with its expression uniquely restricted to neutrophils (1).
Expression of Ly-6G and Ly-6C, along with other lineage markers, help define specific cell types (2,4). For example, mouse myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), which play a role in inflammation and tumor development, are further subdivided into granulocytic (G-MDSCs) or monocytic (Mo-MDSCs) (4). Mo-MDSCs express Ly-6Chi along with CD11b, but are negative for Ly-6G, whereas G-MDSCs express Ly-6Clo/int,Ly-6Ghi , and CD11b (4).
The monoclonal antibody RB6-8C5 first identified granulocyte-differentiation antigen (Gr-1) which is primarily expressed on the surface of neutrophils and immature myeloid cells, and to a lesser extent on lymphocytes and macrophages (1). Gr-1 expression increases as neutrophils mature but remains is stably expressed in monocytes (1). The RB6-8C5 reacts with both Ly-6G and Ly-6C, whereas 1A8 antibody is specific for Ly-6G (1). Antibodies against Ly-6G, such as RB6-8C5 and 1A8, are commonly used to identify a role for neutrophils in mouse models of disease as they are efficient for quickly depleting neutrophils (1). RB6-8C5, however, also targets and depletes Ly-6Chi monocytes in addition to other Ly-6G-expressing cells (1).
References
1. Lee, P. Y., Wang, J. X., Parisini, E., Dascher, C. C., & Nigrovic, P. A. (2013). Ly6 family proteins in neutrophil biology. Journal of leukocyte biology. https://doi.org/10.1189/jlb.0113014
2. Bamezai A. (2004). Mouse Ly-6 proteins and their extended family: markers of cell differentiation and regulators of cell signaling. Archivum immunologiae et therapiae experimentalis.
3. Loughner, C. L., Bruford, E. A., McAndrews, M. S., Delp, E. E., Swamynathan, S., & Swamynathan, S. K. (2016). Organization, evolution and functions of the human and mouse Ly6/uPAR family genes. Human genomics. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40246-016-0074-2
4. Kong, Y. Y., Fuchsberger, M., Xiang, S. D., Apostolopoulos, V., & Plebanski, M. (2013). Myeloid derived suppressor cells and their role in diseases. Current medicinal chemistry. https://doi.org/10.2174/0929867311320110006
Bioinformatics
| Product By Gene ID |
546644 |
| Alternate Names |
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![Flow Cytometry Ly-6G/Ly-6C Antibody (1A8) [Unconjugated]](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize2/Ly6G_MAB10371_Flow_Cytometry_21255.jpg)
