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Tyrosine Hydroxylase Antibody

Images

 
Tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity in the central complex and the lateral accessory lobe. A-D: Frontal sections (immunoperoxidase preparations, dorsal to the top). E: Horizontal section (immunofluorescent ...read more
Dopamine neurons in the mouse substantia nigra. ICC/IF image submitted by a verified customer review.
Simple Western lane view shows a specific band for Tyrosine Hydroxylase in 0.2 mg/mL of PC-12 lysate. This experiment was performed under reducing conditions using the 12-230 kDa separation system.
Western blot of 10 ug of rat striatal lysate showing specific immunolabeling of the ~60 kDa tyrosine hydroxylase protein.
10x Magnification cryo-sections mouse: primary antibody: anti-rb TH: 1:500; o.n. secondary antibody: 1:500 dk-anti-rb DyLight488. IHC-Fr image submitted by a verified customer review.
Tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity in the mushroom body. All panels show a right brain hemisphere (dorsal to the top, medial to the right), except panels M-O (posterior to the top). Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) ...read more
Western blot analysis confirms activation of UPR following Hotel protein lysates from the right adrenal medulla of saline (2RS) and RH groups (2RH) were subjected to Western blot analyses as described in methods. ...read more
Impact of extrinsic and intrinsic hypoxia on catecholamine biosynthesis. Immunohistochemical staining showed an increased expression of Tyrosine Hydroxylase (red) in the necrotic and hypoxic core of the spheroid (DAPI, ...read more
Immunohistochemical analysis of a formalin fixed and paraffin embedded rat brain tissue section using Tyrosine Hydroxylase antibody at 1:5000 dilution. The primary antibody binding to its antigen was detected using HRP ...read more
Immunostaining of whole-mount Drosophila brains using NB300-109 at 1:500 dilution. The tyrosine hydroxylase antibody worked really well and produced a bright staining with almost no background. Data courtesy of Dr. Olga ...read more
Immunohistochemical analysis of tyrosine hydroxylase in rat mesenteric artery-whole. ICC/IF image submitted by a verified customer review.
Western blot analysis confirms activation of UPR following RH.Total protein lysates from the right adrenal medulla of saline (2RS) and RH groups (2RH) were subjected to Western blot analyses as described in methods. ...read more
Image showing differentiation of neurospheres as evidenced morphologically (A) and through staining by Tyrosine Hydroxylase (B) to show the ability to derive dopaminergic neurons from the rat progenitor cells.
Validation of protein alterations and functional studies for pathways induced by genetic and toxic stress, and reversal of PD-related alterations following S-HSP90 inhibition. c) Western blot and quantification of ...read more

Product Details

Summary
Reactivity Hu, Mu, Rt, Ch, Dr, I, MaSpecies Glossary
Applications WB, Simple Western, ICC/IF, IHC, Dual ISH-IHC, IHC, KO
Clonality
Polyclonal
Host
Rabbit
Conjugate
Unconjugated

Order Details

Tyrosine Hydroxylase Antibody Summary

Immunogen
SDS-denatured, native rat tyrosine hydroxylase purified from pheochromocytoma.
Localization
NB300-109 can be used as a marker for dopaminergic and noradrenergic neurons.
Marker
Neuronal Marker
Specificity
Specific for the ~60 kDa tyrosine hydroxylase protein.
Isotype
IgG
Clonality
Polyclonal
Host
Rabbit
Gene
TH
Purity
Antigen Affinity-purified
Innovator's Reward
Test in a species/application not listed above to receive a full credit towards a future purchase.

Applications/Dilutions

Dilutions
  • Dual RNAscope ISH-IHC
  • Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence 1:1000
  • Immunohistochemistry Free-Floating
  • Immunohistochemistry Whole-Mount
  • Immunohistochemistry 1:10 - 1:500
  • Immunohistochemistry-Frozen 1:1000
  • Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin 1:10 - 1:500
  • Knockout Validated
  • Simple Western 2 ug/mL
  • Western Blot 1:1000
Application Notes
Immunohistochemistry: use reported in literature (PMID: 22262884 and PMID: 23811324). Use in rat and mouse reported in customer review. Use in Immunohistochemistry Free floating reported in scientific literature (PMID 25731749). Use in Immunohistochemistry Whole mount reported in scientific literature (PMID: 26123524). Dual ISH-IHC validation (PMID: 29917232). In Simple Western only 10 - 15 uL of the recommended dilution is used per data point.
Theoretical MW
60 kDa.
Disclaimer note: The observed molecular weight of the protein may vary from the listed predicted molecular weight due to post translational modifications, post translation cleavages, relative charges, and other experimental factors.
Control
Human Heart Whole Tissue Lysate (Adult Whole Normal)
Recombinant Human Tyrosine Hydroxylase His Protein
Reviewed Applications
Read 7 Reviews rated 4.9
using
NB300-109 in the following applications:

Publications
Read Publications using
NB300-109 in the following applications:

Reactivity Notes

Use in Chicken reported in scientific literature (PMID:34416224). Human reactivity reported in scientific literature (PMID:32756440). The tyrosine hydroxylase antibody recognizes all mammalian and at least some non-mammalian forms of the enzyme in Western blots and in IHC/IF. Insect reactivity reported in scientific literature (PMID: 27494326). .

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

Storage
Store at -20C. Avoid freeze-thaw cycles.
Buffer
10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 0.15 M NaCl, 0.1 mg/mL BSA, 50% Glycerol
Preservative
No Preservative
Purity
Antigen Affinity-purified

Alternate Names for Tyrosine Hydroxylase Antibody

  • anti-TH
  • DYT14
  • DYT5b
  • EC 1.14.16
  • EC 1.14.16.2
  • TH mouse
  • TH
  • TYH dystonia 14
  • TYH
  • Tyrosine 3-hydroxylase
  • tyrosine 3-monooxygenase
  • Tyrosine Hydroxylase immunohistochemistry
  • Tyrosine Hydroxylase mouse
  • Tyrosine Hydroxylase

Background

The tetrameric enzyme tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), also designated as tyrosine 3-monooxygenase (TY3H), is the rate-limiting enzyme for catecholamine biosynthesis and has a theoretical molecular weight of 60 kDa. Encoded by the TH gene, TH catalyzes the conversion of the amino acid L-tyrosine to L-3,4- dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-dopa) in the central nervous system and adrenal medulla. The precursor of catecholamines, L-dopa, is converted to dopamine for use in the biosynthesis of neurotransmitters norepinephrine (noradrenaline) and epinephrine (adrenaline) (1) . Dysfunction in the TH gene, and thus the enzymatic activity by TH, dysregulates catecholamine synthesis.

Two transcription factor binding sites in the proximal region of the TH gene, the TPA-responsive element (TRE) and the c-AMP responsive element (CRE), have been implicated in the complex regulation of the TH gene. Dysregulation of breakdown for the amino acid, tyrosine, by TH is a result of a genetic disorder that results in Tyrosinemia (high levels of tyrosine in the blood, tissue and organs).

Tyrosine hydroxylase deficiency is a disorder that primarily affects movement, where individuals display symptoms that include lack of coordination when walking, postural tremors and unusual body positioning. TH deficient dopamine-responsive dystonia (DRD), also known as Segawa syndrome, is a rare genetic disorder that is associated with low levels of TH and is diagnosed during childhood with characteristic symptoms including increased muscle tone (dystonia) and signs of Parkinsonism like bradykinesia, tremors, rigidity and postural instability (2). Correspondingly, TH is also linked to Parkinson's disease in older adults, where low dopamine levels are a consistent neurochemical abnormality. Functional polymorphisms of the TH gene may be involved in the pathogenesis of neuropsychiatric diseases such as schizophrenia and other affective disorders where dopamine is often dysregulated (3).

References

1. Hamanaka, Y., & Mizunami, M. (2019). Tyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreactive neurons in the mushroom body of the field cricket, Gryllus bimaculatus. Cell Tissue Res, 376(1), 97-111. doi:10.1007/s00441-018-2969-9

2. Li, L., & Zhou, F. M. (2013). Parallel dopamine D1 receptor activity dependence of l-Dopa-induced normal movement and dyskinesia in mice. Neuroscience, 236, 66-76. doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2012.12.065

3. Borkar, C. D., Bharne, A. P., Nagalakshmi, B., Sakharkar, A. J., Subhedar, N. K., & Kokare, D. M. (2018). Cocaine- and Amphetamine-Regulated Transcript Peptide (CART) Alleviates MK-801-Induced Schizophrenic Dementia-Like Symptoms. Neuroscience, 375, 94-107. doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2018.01.056

Limitations

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.

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Publications for Tyrosine Hydroxylase Antibody (NB300-109)(219)

We have publications tested in 6 confirmed species: Human, Mouse, Rat, Chicken, Drosophila, Insect.

We have publications tested in 13 applications: B/N, Dual ISH-IHC, ICC/IF, IF/ICC, IF/IHC, IHC, IHC-F, IHC-Fr, IHC-FrFl, IHC-P, IHC-WhMt, ISH, WB.


Filter By Application
B/N
(2)
Dual ISH-IHC
(1)
ICC/IF
(41)
IF/ICC
(1)
IF/IHC
(56)
IHC
(14)
IHC-F
(2)
IHC-Fr
(14)
IHC-FrFl
(7)
IHC-P
(10)
IHC-WhMt
(4)
ISH
(1)
WB
(36)
All Applications
Filter By Species
Human
(23)
Mouse
(90)
Rat
(23)
Chicken
(1)
Drosophila
(13)
Insect
(3)
All Species
Showing Publications 1 - 10 of 219. Show All 219 Publications.
Publications using NB300-109 Applications Species
Zheng X, Liu Z, He Z et al. Preclinical Long-Term Safety of Intraspinal Transplantation of Human Dorsal Spinal GABA Neural Progenitor Cells iScience 2023-10-01 [PMID: 38026209]
Grembecka B, Majkutewicz I, Harackiewicz O, Wrona D Deep-Brain Subthalamic Nucleus Stimulation Enhances Food-Related Motivation by Influencing Neuroinflammation and Anxiety Levels in a Rat Model of Early-Stage Parkinson’s Disease International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2023-11-29 [PMID: 38069238] (IHC, Rat)

Details:
Dilution 1:1500
IHC Rat
Cara-Esteban M, Marín MP, Martínez-Alonso E et al. The Golgi complex of dopaminergic enteric neurons is fragmented in a hemiparkinsonian rat model Microscopy research and technique 2023-10-19 [PMID: 37855309] (IF/ICC, Rat) IF/ICC Rat
Otani Y, Yoshikawa S, Nagao K et al. Connective tissue mast cells store and release noradrenaline The journal of physiological sciences : JPS 2023-10-12 [PMID: 37828465] (WB, Mouse) WB Mouse
Otero MG, Bell S, Laperle AH et al. Organ-Chips Enhance the Maturation of Human iPSC-Derived Dopamine Neurons Int J Mol Sci 2023-09-18 [PMID: 37762529] (ICC/IF) ICC/IF
Puelles L, Stühmer T, Rubenstein JLR, Diaz C Critical test of the assumption that the hypothalamic entopeduncular nucleus of rodents is homologous with the primate internal pallidum The Journal of comparative neurology 2023-11-01 [PMID: 37695031] (IHC, Mouse) IHC Mouse
Suzuki T, Hattori S, Mizukami H et al. Inversed Effects of Nav1.2 Deficiency at Medial Prefrontal Cortex and Ventral Tegmental Area for Prepulse Inhibition in Acoustic Startle Response Molecular neurobiology 2023-08-31 [PMID: 37650965]
Chen X, Tsika E, Levine N, Moore DJ. VPS35 and ?-Synuclein fail to interact to modulate neurodegeneration in rodent models of Parkinson's disease Molecular Neurodegeneration 2023-08-04 [PMID: 37542299] (WB) WB
He B, Gao R, Lv S et al. Cancer cell employs a microenvironmental neural signal trans-activating nucleus-mitochondria coordination to acquire stemness Signal transduction and targeted therapy 2023-07-19 [PMID: 37463926] (ICC/IF, Human) ICC/IF Human
Show All 219 Publications.

Reviews for Tyrosine Hydroxylase Antibody (NB300-109) (7) 4.97

Average Rating: 4.9
(Based on 7 reviews)
We have 7 reviews tested in 4 species: Mouse, Rat, Cockroach and Cricket, Other.

Reviews using NB300-109:
Filter by Applications
IHC-Fr
(1)
ICC
(3)
IF
(2)
WB
(1)
All Applications
Filter by Species
Mouse
(3)
Rat
(2)
Cockroach and Cricket
(1)
Other
(1)
All Species
Images Ratings Applications Species Date Details
Immunohistochemistry-Frozen Tyrosine Hydroxylase NB300-109
Enlarge
5
reviewed by:
michele d'angelo
IHC-Fr Mouse 02/12/2020
View

Summary

ApplicationImmunohistochemistry-Frozen
Sample Testedbrian tissue
SpeciesMouse
Lotajo1215y
Immunocytochemistry Tyrosine Hydroxylase NB300-109
Enlarge
5
reviewed by:
Bianca Kerschbaumer
ICC Mouse 05/19/2017
View

Summary

ApplicationImmunocytochemistry
Sample TestedBrain (substantia nigra),mouse eye
SpeciesMouse
Lotajo616p

Comments

Commentscryo sections mouse:
primary antibody: anti-rb TH: 1:500; o.n.
secondary antibody: 1:500 dk-anti-rb DyLight488 (Agrisera, AS10 1165)
  4
reviewed by:
Yoshitaka Hamanaka
ICC Cockroach and Cricket 02/15/2017
View

Summary

ApplicationImmunocytochemistry
Sample TestedBrain
SpeciesCockroach and Cricket
Immunocytochemistry Tyrosine Hydroxylase NB300-109
Enlarge
5
reviewed by:
Verified Customer
ICC Rat 03/27/2015
View

Summary

ApplicationImmunocytochemistry
Sample TestedMesenteric artery-whole
SpeciesRat
LotAJ0314b
Immunofluorescence Tyrosine Hydroxylase NB300-109
Enlarge
5
reviewed by:
Verified Customer
IF Mouse 02/24/2014
View

Summary

ApplicationImmunofluorescence
Sample Testedmouse brain
SpeciesMouse
Western Blot Tyrosine Hydroxylase NB300-109
Enlarge
5
reviewed by:
Naoharu Takano
WB Rat 01/03/2012
View

Summary

ApplicationWestern Blot
Sample TestedPC12 cell whole lysate, Sample Amount: 12ug
SpeciesRat
  5
reviewed by:
Verified Customer
IF Other 02/04/2010
View

Summary

ApplicationImmunofluorescence
Sample Testedmouse brain
SpeciesOther
Lotajo209

Product General Protocols

Find general support by application which include: protocols, troubleshooting, illustrated assays, videos and webinars.

Video Protocols

WB Video Protocol
ICC/IF Video Protocol

FAQs for Tyrosine Hydroxylase Antibody (NB300-109) (0)

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Control Lysate(s)

Secondary Antibodies

 

Isotype Controls

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Research Areas for Tyrosine Hydroxylase Antibody (NB300-109)

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Blogs on Tyrosine Hydroxylase.

Successful Transplantation of Friedreich Ataxia Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell (iPSC)-Derived Sensory Neurons in Dorsal Root Ganglia of Adult Rodents
Jamshed Arslan, Pharm D, PhD The dorsal root ganglia (DRG) are a collection of cell bodies of sensory nerves carrying sensory information – including nociception, mechanoreception and proprioception – from periphera...  Read full blog post.

The identification of dopaminergic neurons using Tyrosine Hydroxylase in Parkinson's research and LRRK2
Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) is a crucial enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of dopamine, norepinephrine and epinephrine in the brain.  Specifically, TH catalyzes the conversion of l-tyrosine to l-dihydroxyphenylalanine (l-dopa).  The importance of t...  Read full blog post.

Tyrosine hydroxylase - a marker for dopaminergic neurons in the central nervous system
Tyrosine hydroxylase is a member of the aromatic amino acid hydroxylase (AAAH) family.  It is expressed throughout the central nervous system (CNS) and catalyzes the conversion of tyrosine to L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA), which can be, thr...  Read full blog post.

Tyrosine Hydroxylase - rate-limiting enzyme in catecholamine synthesis
Catecholamines are tyrosine-derived hormones that are produced in the adrenal gland. They include epinephrine, norepinephrine, and dopamine and are used as neurotransmitters by the central and peripheral nervous system. The rate limiting enzyme in ...  Read full blog post.

A Big Guy for the Catecholamine Synthesis - Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)
In the synthesis pathway for the catecholamines - dopamine, epinephrine, and norepinephrine, tyrosine hydroxylase is the rate-limiting enzyme. Through alternative mRNA splicing, a wide molecular diversity of TH isoforms are generated that are tissue-s...  Read full blog post.

Tyrosine Hydroxylase Deficiencies and Neurodegeneration
Tyrosine hydroxylase is the rate-limiting enzyme in the synthesis pathway of the catecholamines dopamine, epinephrine, and norepinephrine. Alternative mRNA splicing generates a wide molecular diversity of TH isoforms that are tissue specific and produ...  Read full blog post.

Tyrosine Hydroxylase Deficiency and Brain Disorders
 Tyrosine hydroxylase catalyzes the rate-limiting step in the biosynthesis of the catecholamines dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine. A hallmark of Parkinson's disease is the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Mutations in cas...  Read full blog post.

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Recent Reviews

4.9
5
6
4
1
3
0
2
0
1
0

michele d'angelo
02/12/2020
Application: IHC-Fr
Species: Mouse

Bianca Kerschbaumer
05/19/2017
Application: ICC
Species: Mouse

 
Yoshitaka Hamanaka
02/15/2017
Application: ICC
Species: Cockroach and Cricket

Bioinformatics

Gene Symbol TH
Entrez
Uniprot