| Reactivity | Hu, MuSpecies Glossary |
| Applications | WB, IHC, B/N, CyTOF-ready, ELISA(Cap), Flow, ICC/IF |
| Clonality | Polyclonal |
| Host | Goat |
| Conjugate | Unconjugated |
| Concentration | LYOPH |
| Immunogen | E. coli-derived recombinant mouse TNF-alpha Leu80-Leu235 Accession # P06804 |
| Specificity | Detects mouse TNF-alpha in ELISAs. Detects human and mouse TNF-alpha in Western blots. In sandwich immunoassays, approximately 50% cross-reactivity with recombinant rat TNF‑ alpha is observed. |
| Source | N/A |
| Isotype | IgG |
| Clonality | Polyclonal |
| Host | Goat |
| Gene | TNF |
| Purity Statement | Antigen Affinity-purified |
| Endotoxin Note | <0.10 EU per 1 μg of the antibody by the LAL method. |
| Innovator's Reward | Test in a species/application not listed above to receive a full credit towards a future purchase. |
| Dilutions |
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| Application Notes | ELISA Capture:Mouse TNF-alpha Antibody (Catalog # AF-410-NA) ELISA Detection: Mouse TNF-alpha Biotinylated Antibody (Catalog # BAF410) Standard: Recombinant Mouse TNF-alpha aa 80-235 (Catalog # 410-MT) |
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| Publications |
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| Storage | Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
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| Buffer | Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with Trehalose. *Small pack size (SP) is supplied either lyophilized or as a 0.2 µm filtered solution in PBS. |
| Preservative | No Preservative |
| Concentration | LYOPH |
| Reconstitution Instructions | Reconstitute at 0.2 mg/mL in sterile PBS. |
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Secondary Antibodies |
Isotype Controls |
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Unlocking the Potential of Biosimilars in Immuno-Oncology By Jennifer Jones, M.S.Biosimilar Antibodies: Imitation Meets InnovationIn the ever-evolving medical landscape, a new class of pharmaceuticals is emerging as a game-changer, poised to transform the way we approach... Read full blog post. |
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Tired T cells: Hypoxia Drives T cell Exhaustion in the Tumor Microenvironment By Hunter MartinezThe paradigm shifting view of the immune system being leveraged to target cancer has led to numerous therapeutic breakthroughs. One major cell group responsible for this revelation is a T cell. ... Read full blog post. |
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Immune Cell Metabolic Flux Influences Type I Diabetes By Hunter MartinezWhat is Immunometabolism?It is well established that abnormal metabolic environments can be a risk factor for disease development. One characteristic example is the role of dyslipidemia (high lev... Read full blog post. |
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Read full blog post. |
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Read full blog post. |
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Read full blog post. |
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Liver ASK1 activates autophagy to protect against hepatic fat accumulation, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and fibrosis By Jamshed Arslan, Pharm. D., PhD. The most common chronic liver disorder worldwide is non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This obesity-linked disorder can manifest as hepatic fat accumulation (steatosis) wit... Read full blog post. |
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Metabolic Syndrome: Symptoms and associated disease states By Jamshed Arslan, Pharm. D., PhD. What is metabolic syndrome?It was 1988 when, after decades of research, Dr. GM Reaven of the Stanford University, CA, explained the relationship between four diseases:... Read full blog post. |
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Increased wild type FUS levels in ALS patients lead to a toxic microenvironment and motor neuron neurodegeneration By Michalina Hanzel, PhDFUS mutations in Amyotrophic Lateral SclerosisFused in sarcoma (FUS) is a ribonucleoprotein that continuously shuttles between the nucleus and the cytoplasm to regulate pre-mRNA splicing, mRN... Read full blog post. |
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You complete me: Natural killer cells need TGF-beta inhibition to effectively combat cancers By Jamshed Arslan Pharm.D. Natural killer (NK) cells are lymphocytes of the innate immune system that were first discovered for their “natural” ability to kill cancer cells. To use NK cells as anti-cancer therapy, t... Read full blog post. |
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![WNT-5A induces a proinflammatory transformation in mouse microglia. (A, B) iNOS, COX-2 and TNF alpha were detected by immunoblotting in lysates from mouse primary microglia after WNT-5A stimulation (ctrl, 300 ng/ml, 6 hours). (B’) shows TNF alpha levels in the supernatant of primary microglia under ctrl conditions and upon WNT-5A stimulation (ctrl, 300 ng/ml, 24 hours; n = 4). At least three experiments are summarized in the bar graphs. Data are normalized to ctrl. Error bars give s.e.m. (C) Microglial proliferation was assessed by an MTT assay monitoring mitochondrial activity, which is proportional to cell number [see Additional file 1: Figure S5]. Stimulation with WNT-5A (300 ng/ml, 24 hours) increased MTT, which was blocked by PTX (100 ng/ml, overnight) or the MEK1/2 (10 μM) inhibitor, SL327. (D). Experiments were done in triplicate and data from three independent experiments are shown. *, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001: Error bars show s.e.m.. (E) Cell tracker (red)-stained primary microglia were seeded on top of a collagen matrix in 35 mm glass bottom dishes. One day after ctrl or 300 ng/ml WNT-5A stimulation, invasion was observed by confocal microscopy and Z-stacking using a Zeiss LSM710 microscope and subsequent analysis with the Bitplane Imaris software. The size of the collagen cube shown is 1,000 (Z) x 1,400 (Y) x 1,400 (X) μm. Three invasion experiments in the absence and presence of the MEK1/2 inhibitor SL327 were quantified. Data are presented in a bar graph (F). *, P < 0.05; error bars show s.e.m.. (G) cDNA of ctrl stimulated (−) and WNT-5A stimulated (+) primary microglia was analyzed by QPCR for expression of inflammatory genes. At least three independent experiments are summarized. Gene expression is normalized to the housekeeping gene GAPDH and expressed as arbitrary units (2-delta ct). *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01. COX-2, cyclooxygenase 2; iNOS, inducible nitric oxide synthase; MTT, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide; n, number; s.e.m., standard error of the mean. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22647544), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/af-410-na_mouse-tnf-alpha-affinity-purified-polyclonal-ab-41202410331929.jpg "WNT-5A induces a proinflammatory transformation in mouse microglia. (A, B) iNOS, COX-2 and TNF alpha were detected by immunoblotting in lysates from mouse primary microglia after WNT-5A stimulation (ctrl, 300 ng/ml, 6 hours). (B’) shows TNF alpha levels in the supernatant of primary microglia under ctrl conditions and upon WNT-5A stimulation (ctrl, 300 ng/ml, 24 hours; n = 4). At least three experiments are summarized in the bar graphs. Data are normalized to ctrl. Error bars give s.e.m. (C) Microglial proliferation was assessed by an MTT assay monitoring mitochondrial activity, which is proportional to cell number [see Additional file 1: Figure S5]. Stimulation with WNT-5A (300 ng/ml, 24 hours) increased MTT, which was blocked by PTX (100 ng/ml, overnight) or the MEK1/2 (10 μM) inhibitor, SL327. (D). Experiments were done in triplicate and data from three independent experiments are shown. *, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001: Error bars show s.e.m.. (E) Cell tracker (red)-stained primary microglia were seeded on top of a collagen matrix in 35 mm glass bottom dishes. One day after ctrl or 300 ng/ml WNT-5A stimulation, invasion was observed by confocal microscopy and Z-stacking using a Zeiss LSM710 microscope and subsequent analysis with the Bitplane Imaris software. The size of the collagen cube shown is 1,000 (Z) x 1,400 (Y) x 1,400 (X) μm. Three invasion experiments in the absence and presence of the MEK1/2 inhibitor SL327 were quantified. Data are presented in a bar graph (F). *, P < 0.05; error bars show s.e.m.. (G) cDNA of ctrl stimulated (−) and WNT-5A stimulated (+) primary microglia was analyzed by QPCR for expression of inflammatory genes. At least three independent experiments are summarized. Gene expression is normalized to the housekeeping gene GAPDH and expressed as arbitrary units (2-delta ct). *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01. COX-2, cyclooxygenase 2; iNOS, inducible nitric oxide synthase; MTT, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide; n, number; s.e.m., standard error of the mean. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22647544), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.")
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