Recombinant Human/Mouse/Rat GDF-11/BMP-11 Protein, CF

This product is produced by and ships from R&D Systems, Inc., a Bio-Techne brand.

Growth Differentiation Factor 11 (GDF-11), also known as BMP-11, is a member of the TGF-beta superfamily and is highly related to GDF-8. GDF-11 encodes a 407 amino acid (aa) prepropeptide which contains a signal sequence for secretion and an RXXR proteolytic processing site to yield a 109 aa residue carboxy-terminal mature protein (1). Mature GDF-11 contains the canonical 7-cysteine motif common to other TGF-beta superfamily members; however, like the TGF-beta s, Activins and GDF-8, GDF-11 also contains one extra pair of cysteine residues. At the amino acid sequence level, mature human, mouse, rat and chicken GDF-11 are 99-100% identical. GDF-11 and GDF-8 share 90% amino acid sequence identity within the mature protein. As detected by in situ hybridization, GDF-11 is expressed in diverse regions of the mouse embryo: tailbud, somitic precursors, limbs, mandibular and branchial arches, dorsal neural tube, odontoblasts, nasal epithelium, and particular regions of the brain (1, 2). Targeted deletion of GDF-11, in mice, results in a spectrum of abnormalities including palatal malformation, vertebral defects, elongated trunks with a reduced or absent tail, missing or malformed kidneys, and an increased number of neurons in the olfactory epithelium (2-5). GDF-11 signals through the Activin type II receptors and induces phosphorylation of Smad2 to mediate axial patterning (6). Systemic GDF-11 levels decline with age and administration of higher levels of GDF-11 can reverse age-related cardiac hypertrophy (7). In addition, systemic administration of recombinant GDF-11 protein restores genomic integrity and health of muscle stem cells, neurovasculature and enhances neurogenesis (8, 9). R&D Systems recombinant GDF-11 preparations have been shown to act similarly to GDF-8 in both the Xenopus animal cap and the K562 assays.

We have publications tested in 5 confirmed species: Human, Mouse, Rat, Primate - Macaca fascicularis (Crab-eating Monkey or Cynomolgus Macaque), Xenopus.

We have publications tested in 6 applications: Bioassay, Cell Culture, ELISA (Standard), In Vivo, Surface Plasmon Resonance, Western Blot.

Showing Publications 1 - 10 of 27. Show All 27 Publications. Collapse Publications.

Publications using 1958-GD/CF	Applications	Species
Z Wang, P Jiang, F Liu, X Du, L Ma, S Ye, H Cao, P Sun, N Su, F Lin, R Zhang, C Li GDF11 Regulates PC12 Neural Stem Cells via ALK5-Dependent PI3K-Akt Signaling Pathway International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2022-10-14;23(20):. 2022-10-14 [PMID: 36293138] (Cell Culture, Rat)	Cell Culture	Rat
G Xiang, K Ying, P Jiang, M Jia, Y Sun, S Li, X Wu, S Hao Growth differentiation factor 11 induces skeletal muscle atrophy via a STAT3-dependent mechanism in pulmonary arterial hypertension Skeletal Muscle, 2022-05-06;12(1):10. 2022-05-06 [PMID: 35524286] (Cell Culture, Mouse)	Cell Culture	Mouse
J Sun, Y Li, X Yang, W Dong, J Yang, Q Hu, C Zhang, H Fang, A Liu Growth differentiation factor 11 accelerates liver senescence through the inhibition of autophagy Aging Cell, 2021-12-14;0(0):e13532. 2021-12-14 [PMID: 34905649] (Bioassay, Mouse)	Bioassay	Mouse
A Xiao, Y Zhang, Y Ren, R Chen, T Li, C You, X Gan GDF11 alleviates secondary brain injury after intracerebral hemorrhage via attenuating mitochondrial dynamic abnormality and dysfunction Scientific Reports, 2021-02-17;11(1):3974. 2021-02-17 [PMID: 33597668] (Bioassay, Human, Rat)	Bioassay	Human, Rat
A Hagg, S Kharoud, G Goodchild, CA Goodman, JL Chen, RE Thomson, H Qian, P Gregorevic, CA Harrison, KL Walton TMEPAI/PMEPA1 Is a Positive Regulator of Skeletal Muscle Mass Front Physiol, 2020-11-04;11(0):560225. 2020-11-04 [PMID: 33250771] (Bioassay, Human)	Bioassay	Human
G De Rosa, I Andolfo, R Marra, F Manna, BE Rosato, A Iolascon, R Russo RAP-011 Rescues the Disease Phenotype in a Cellular Model of Congenital Dyserythropoietic Anemia Type II by Inhibiting the SMAD2-3 Pathway Int J Mol Sci, 2020-08-04;21(15):. 2020-08-04 [PMID: 32759740] (Bioassay, Human)	Bioassay	Human
J Idkowiak-B, U Santhanam, SM Buchanan, KL Pfaff, LL Rubin, J Lyga Growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11) has pronounced effects on skin biology PLoS ONE, 2019-06-10;14(6):e0218035. 2019-06-10 [PMID: 31181098] (Cell Culture, Human)	Cell Culture	Human
Q Jin, C Qiao, J Li, B Xiao, J Li, X Xiao A GDF11/myostatin inhibitor, GDF11 propeptide-Fc, increases skeletal muscle mass and improves muscle strength in dystrophic mdx mice Skelet Muscle, 2019-05-27;9(1):16. 2019-05-27 [PMID: 31133057] (Bioassay, Human)	Bioassay	Human
JH Kim, JH Kim, LA Sutikno, SB Lee, DH Jin, YK Hong, YS Kim, HJ Jin Identification of the minimum region of flatfish myostatin propeptide (Pep45-65) for myostatin inhibition and its potential to enhance muscle growth and performance in animals PLoS ONE, 2019-04-18;14(4):e0215298. 2019-04-18 [PMID: 30998775] (Bioassay, Human)	Bioassay	Human
XJ Zhang, H Tan, ZF Shi, N Li, Y Jia, Z Hao Growth differentiation factor 11 is involved in isoproterenol?induced heart failure Mol Med Rep, 2019-03-22;0(0):. 2019-03-22 [PMID: 30942402] (Bioassay, Rat)	Bioassay	Rat
L Qian, H Zhang, Y Gu, D Li, S He, H Wang, Y Cheng, W Yang, H Yu, X Zhao, W Cai, L Meng, M Jin, Y Wang, Y Zhang Reduced production of laminin by hepatic stellate cells contributes to impairment in oval cell response to liver injury in aged mice Aging (Albany NY), 2018-12-04;0(0):. 2018-12-04 [PMID: 30513510] (Bioassay, Mouse)	Bioassay	Mouse
YJ Kim, DH Seo, SH Lee, SH Lee, GH An, HJ Ahn, D Kwon, KW Seo, KS Kang Conditioned media from human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells stimulate rejuvenation function in human skin Biochem Biophys Rep, 2018-10-25;16(0):96-102. 2018-10-25 [PMID: 30417126] (Bioassay, Human)	Bioassay	Human
K Sakamoto, Y Kanematsu-, Y Kamada, M Oka, T Ohnishi, M Miwa, T Asami, H Inooka Identification of ligand-selective peptidic ActRIIB-antagonists using phage display technology Biochem Biophys Rep, 2017-06-10;11(0):33-39. 2017-06-10 [PMID: 28955765] (Bioassay, Human)	Bioassay	Human
E De Domenic, G D'Arcangel, I Faraoni, M Palmieri, V Tancredi, G Graziani, P Grimaldi, L Tentori Modulation of GDF11 expression and synaptic plasticity by age and training Oncotarget, 2017-08-03;8(35):57991-58002. 2017-08-03 [PMID: 28938532] (Western Blot, Mouse)	Western Blot	Mouse
JL Chen, KL Walton, A Hagg, TD Colgan, K Johnson, H Qian, P Gregorevic, CA Harrison Specific targeting of TGF-? family ligands demonstrates distinct roles in the regulation of muscle mass in health and disease Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 2017-06-12;0(0):. 2017-06-12 [PMID: 28607086] (Bioassay, Human)	Bioassay	Human
Y Zhao, G Liu, FC Zambito, YJ Zhang, BS DeSilva, AT Kozhich, JX Shen A multiplexed immunocapture liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry assay for the simultaneous measurement of myostatin and GDF-11 in rat serum using an automated sample preparation platform Anal. Chim. Acta, 2017-04-26;979(0):36-44. 2017-04-26 [PMID: 28599707] (Bioassay, Rat)	Bioassay	Rat
YY Jing, D Li, F Wu, LL Gong, R Li GDF11 does not improve the palmitate induced insulin resistance in C2C12 Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci, 2017-04-01;21(8):1795-1802. 2017-04-01 [PMID: 28485800] (Bioassay, Mouse)	Bioassay	Mouse
E Latres, J Mastaitis, W Fury, L Miloscio, J Trejos, J Pangilinan, H Okamoto, K Cavino, E Na, A Papatheodo, T Willer, Y Bai, J Hae Kim, A Rafique, S Jaspers, T Stitt, AJ Murphy, GD Yancopoulo, J Gromada Activin A more prominently regulates muscle mass in primates than does GDF8 Nat Commun, 2017-04-28;8(0):15153. 2017-04-28 [PMID: 28452368] (ELISA (Standard), Surface Plasmon Resonance, Human, Mouse, Primate - Macaca fascicularis (Crab-eating Monkey or Cynomolgus Macaque), Rat)	ELISA (Standard), Surface Plasmon Resonance	Human, Mouse, Primate - Macaca fascicularis (Crab-eating Monkey or Cynomolgus Macaque), Rat
MM Mata-Miran, GJ Vazquez-Za, M Rojas-Lope, V Sanchez-Mo, DG Perez-Ishi, RJ Delgado-Ma Morphological, molecular and FTIR spectroscopic analysis during the differentiation of kidney cells from pluripotent stem cells Biol. Res., 2017-04-04;50(1):14. 2017-04-04 [PMID: 28376862] (Bioassay, Mouse)	Bioassay	Mouse
SB Lee, SK Park, YS Kim Maltose binding protein-fusion enhances the bioactivity of truncated forms of pig myostatin propeptide produced in E. coli PLoS ONE, 2017-04-03;12(4):e0174956. 2017-04-03 [PMID: 28369115] (Bioassay, Human)	Bioassay	Human
DW Hammers, M Merscham-B, JY Hsiao, S Engst, JJ Hartman, HL Sweeney Supraphysiological levels of GDF11 induce striated muscle atrophy EMBO Mol Med, 2017-04-01;0(0):. 2017-04-01 [PMID: 28270449] (Bioassay, Human)	Bioassay	Human
RG Walker, M Czepnik, EJ Goebel, JC McCoy, A Vujic, M Cho, J Oh, S Aykul, KL Walton, G Schang, DJ Bernard, AP Hinck, CA Harrison, E Martinez-H, AJ Wagers, RT Lee, TB Thompson Structural basis for potency differences between GDF8 and GDF11 BMC Biol, 2017-03-03;15(1):19. 2017-03-03 [PMID: 28257634] (Bioassay, In Vivo, Human, Mouse)	Bioassay, In Vivo	Human, Mouse
Latres E, Pangilinan J, Miloscio L, Bauerlein R, Na E, Potocky T, Huang Y, Eckersdorff M, Rafique A, Mastaitis J, Lin C, Murphy A, Yancopoulos G, Gromada J, Stitt T Myostatin blockade with a fully human monoclonal antibody induces muscle hypertrophy and reverses muscle atrophy in young and aged mice. Skelet Muscle, 2015-10-09;5(0):34. 2015-10-09 [PMID: 26457176] (Bioassay, Human)	Bioassay	Human
Dussiot M, Maciel T, Fricot A, Chartier C, Negre O, Veiga J, Grapton D, Paubelle E, Payen E, Beuzard Y, Leboulch P, Ribeil J, Arlet J, Cote F, Courtois G, Ginzburg Y, Daniel T, Chopra R, Sung V, Hermine O, Moura I An activin receptor IIA ligand trap corrects ineffective erythropoiesis in beta-thalassemia. Nat Med, 2014-03-23;20(4):398-407. 2014-03-23 [PMID: 24658077] (Bioassay, Mouse)	Bioassay	Mouse
Carrancio S, Markovics J, Wong P, Leisten J, Castiglioni P, Groza M, Raymon H, Heise C, Daniel T, Chopra R, Sung V An activin receptor IIA ligand trap promotes erythropoiesis resulting in a rapid induction of red blood cells and haemoglobin. Br J Haematol, 2014-03-18;165(6):870-82. 2014-03-18 [PMID: 24635723] (Bioassay, Human)	Bioassay	Human
Castonguay R, Werner ED, Matthews RG, Presman E, Mulivor AW, Solban N, Sako D, Pearsall RS, Underwood KW, Seehra J, Kumar R, Grinberg AV Soluble Endoglin Specifically Binds Bone Morphogenetic Proteins 9 and 10 via Its Orphan Domain, Inhibits Blood Vessel Formation, and Suppresses Tumor Growth. J. Biol. Chem., 2011-07-07;286(34):30034-46. 2011-07-07 [PMID: 21737454] (Surface Plasmon Resonance, Human, Mouse)	Surface Plasmon Resonance	Human, Mouse
Hocking JC, Hehr CL, Chang RY, Johnston J, McFarlane S TGFbeta ligands promote the initiation of retinal ganglion cell dendrites in vitro and in vivo. Mol. Cell. Neurosci., 2007-10-05;37(2):247-60. 2007-10-05 [PMID: 17997109] (Bioassay, Xenopus)	Bioassay	Xenopus
Show All 27 Publications. Collapse Publications.

Array 1958-GD/CF

• GDF-11/BMP-11 Antibodies
• GDF-11/BMP-11 ELISA Kits
• GDF-11/BMP-11 Proteins
• GDF-11/BMP-11 ELISA
• GDF-11/BMP-11 Proteins and Enzymes