Hypoxia-Dependent CAR Stabilizing Construct in T cells Improves Solid Tumor Targeting and Efficacy
By Victoria Osinski, PhDDespite advances in the development of cancer immunotherapies, those specifically targeting tumors still remains limited. Currently, there is great interest in utilizing chimeric antigen rece... Read full blog post.
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Tired T cells: Hypoxia Drives T cell Exhaustion in the Tumor Microenvironment
By Hunter MartinezThe paradigm shifting view of the immune system being leveraged to target cancer has led to numerous therapeutic breakthroughs. One major cell group responsible for this revelation is a T cell. ... Read full blog post.
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Understanding ‘Y’ in Breast Cancer: Crucial Role of DNA/RNA-binding Protein YB-1 in the Development, Pre-Invasive, and Metastatic Phases
Jamshed Arslan, Pharm D, PhD In the United States, 1 in 8 women will be diagnosed with breast cancer in her lifetime.1 Despite the prevalence, cancer genesis is a mystery. The heterogeneity of cancers makes it diff... Read full blog post.
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Breast cancer stem cells survive chemotherapy through S100A10-ANXA2-SPT6 interaction that epigenetically promotes OCT4-mediated stemness
By Jamshed Arslan, Pharm D, PhDBreast cancer is the most common cancer among women that causes the greatest number of cancer-related deaths worldwide. After radiotherapy or cytotoxic chemotherapy like paclitax... Read full blog post.
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mTOR Signaling and the Tumor Microenvironment
By Yoskaly Lazo-Fernandez, PhD The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a conserved serine/threonine kinase that, as a member of two distinct intracellular protein complexes, mTORC1 and mTORC2, regulates protein ... Read full blog post.
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Bad news for stomach cancer: BAMBI protein inhibits gastric carcinoma via TGF-beta/epithelial-mesenchymal transition signaling
By Jamshed Arslan Pharm.D. Gastric carcinoma is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. One of the key features of gastric carcinoma is acidosis, which promotes growth and metastasis of gastric ... Read full blog post.
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Developmental regulator Daam2 promotes glial cell tumors by degrading Von Hippel-Lindau protein
By Jamshed Arslan Pharm.D. Glioblastoma is an aggressive type of cancer that forms from the star-shaped glial cells of the central nervous system, called astrocytes. Intriguingly, several genes linked to glioblasto... Read full blog post.
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Stemness for Surviving Hypoxia: TGF-beta/Smad Signaling in Multiple Myeloma
By Jamshed Arslan Pharm.D. Multiple myeloma (MM) is a cancer of antibody-producing plasma cells. The bone marrow (BM) of MM patients is hypoxic, and MM cells overexpress many cancerous genes that are regulated by hy... Read full blog post.
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Forecasting and Targeting a Rare Cancer with Hypoxia-Inducible Factor
By Jamshed Arslan Pharm.D. Cancers of nerve, adipose, and other soft tissues are called soft tissue sarcomas (STS). Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) is an example of a rare and hard-to-treat STS; eve... Read full blog post.
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The role of HIF-1 Alpha signaling in the retina under hypoxic conditions
Hypoxia inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) is a protein that plays an essential role in hypoxia, or low levels of cellular oxygen. HIF-1 is a heterodimeric protein that consists of a constitutively expressed beta subunit and oxygen related alpha subunit. ... Read full blog post.
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The relationship between Ki67 and HIF-1 in cancer
Ki67, also known as MKI67, is best known as the leading marker of cellular proliferation. Ki67 is regulated by a balance between synthesis and degradation, and often carries a very short half-life. First discovered to be located to dividing cells,... Read full blog post.
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Controls for HIF-1 Alpha's WB, ICC-IF, IHC, IP & FLOW Analysis
Tips on positive and negative controls for HIF-1 alpha antibodies is one of the most Frequently Asked Questions on Hypoxia and HIFs. Here are top 5 suggestions from Novus Biologicals: The degradation of HIF1 alpha is the most common issue whic... Read full blog post.
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Understanding the relationship between HIF-1 alpha, Hypoxia and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a natural process by which epithelial cells lose their polarity and intercellular adhesion, and gain the migratory invasive properties of mesenchymal stem cells that can differentiate into a variety of cel... Read full blog post.
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HIF-2 alpha: HIF1A's Homologue with Similar and Divergent Functions
HIF-2 alpha is a member of the heterodimeric hypoxia-inducible factors/HIFs family (HIF-1, HIF-2, and HIF-3) which contains a common beta subunit but differ in their alpha subunits. Also called as EPAS1 or Mop2, HIF-2 alpha regulates cellular adapt... Read full blog post.
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HIF-3 alpha: a versatile target with hypoxia dependent and independent functions
By: Subhash GangarHIF-3 alpha (hypoxia-inducible factor 3-alpha/ HIF3A) represents an isoform of HIF-alpha subunits which heterodimerize with stable beta subunit (HIF-beta) for the regulation of HIF target genes through binding to hypoxia respon... Read full blog post.
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HIF-1 alpha - sensing and responding to changing oxygen levels
Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) allows cells to respond to changing levels of oxygen in the environment. HIF-1 is a heterodimeric transcription factor consisting of alpha and beta subunits. Under normal conditions HIF-1 alpha is continuously sy... Read full blog post.
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CD11b, A Marker of Macrophages and Microglia
What is the Cellular Role of the CD11 Protein?The CD11 protein is actually a heterodimer complex that consists of CD11b and CD18. CD11 is involved in numerous adhesion-related associations between cells such as monocytes, macrophages, natural kill... Read full blog post.
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Comprehensive Autophagy Research Tools - New Catalog Available Now!
Autophagy, a protein degradation process through autophagosome-lysosomal pathway, is important for cellular homeostasis and plays a role in many diseases. To help researchers learn more about this process and the products available for its study, N... Read full blog post.
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HIF-1 beta: A Dimerization Partner of HIF-1 alpha Required for an Adaptive Response to Hypoxia
Hypoxia contributes significantly to the pathophysiology of major categories of human disease, including myocardial and cerebral ischemia, cancer, pulmonary hypertension, congenital heart disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Hypoxia-indu... Read full blog post.
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HIF-1 Alpha: Infographic
Encoded by the HIF1A gene, HIF-1 alpha has a critical role in cellular response to hypoxia. In hypoxic conditions, HIF-1 alpha activates the transcription of several genes to facilitate metabolic reaction for lack of oxygen. In normoxic conditions, HI... Read full blog post.
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Controlling the HIF-1 Switch
Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 is a major transcription factor composed of two subunits: HIF-1alpha and HIF-1 beta. Under normoxic conditions, HIF-1 alpha is targeted to proteosomal degradation via ubiquitination. On the other hand during hypoxic conditio... Read full blog post.
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Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1 beta and Cancer Development
Hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) is a major transcription factor that is composed of two subunits: HIF-1 alpha and HIF-1 beta, the latter being a constitutively-expressed aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear transporter (ARNT). Under normoxic condition... Read full blog post.
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HIF Prolyl Hydroxylase 2: an important Oxygen Sensor Protein
Prolyl hydroxylase domain (PHD) proteins, including PHD1, PHD2, and PHD3, mediate oxygen-dependent degradation of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) alpha subunits. Suppression of PHD enzymes leads to stabilization of HIFs and offers a potential treatment... Read full blog post.
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Myc-tag: The "Monkey Wrench" of Proteomic Tools
c-Myc is a well-characterized transcription factor encoded by the c-Myc gene on human chromosome 8q24. This cellular proto-oncogene, also known as p62, is commonly activated in a variety of tumor cells and plays a crucial role in cellular proliferatio... Read full blog post.
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MAT2a, MAT2b, HIF-1 alpha: Roles in Liver Cancer and DNA methylation
Methionine Adenosyltransferase II alpha, also known as MAT2a, is a catalytic subunit of methionine adenosyltransferase (MAT) and essential enzyme for the catalysis of the principle biological methyl donor, S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) from methionine an... Read full blog post.
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Heat Shock Proteins: An Overview
Heat Shock Proteins (HSPs) are a ubiquitous group of molecular chaperone proteins that have evolved unique mechanisms, within their host cells, to facilitate survival in hostile environments such as heat, oxidative (hypoxia), pH and cold. Under permis... Read full blog post.
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Carbonic Anhydrase IX and Hypoxic Response: A Path to Tumors
Carbonic Anhydrase IX (CA-IX) is an enzyme that is induced under hypoxic conditions. This enzyme is rarely present in normal cells and is responsible for controlling tumor pH. CA-IX is a transmembrane glycoprotein of the zinc metalloenzyme family. Thi... Read full blog post.
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HIF-2 alpha Antibody Throws New Light on EPO Dilemma
The HIF family are heterodimeric, oxygen-sensitive transcription factors comprising an alpha and beta subunit which are normally dissociated in normoxic conditions. Our antibody catalog contains products targeting all the Hypoxia Inducible Factor isof... Read full blog post.
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HIF Antibodies: Beyond HIF-1 alpha
The hypoxia inducible factors are a family of heterodimeric transcription factors which are activated in response to lowered oxygen levels, or hypoxia. Although it may seem that HIF-1 alpha receives all the attention, other HIF antibodies, such as the... Read full blog post.
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A Role for HIF-1 alpha Antibody in Renal Research
The Hypoxia Inducible Factors (HIFs) are a family of mammalian transcription factors which are expressed in response to low cellular oxygen concentrations (hypoxia). Three human hypoxia inducible factors have been identified, HIF-1, HIF-2 and HIF-3, e... Read full blog post.
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Hypoxia-Inducible Factors and Homeostasis
Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1 (HIF-1) is a highly conserved heterodimeric transcription factor. Novus' antibody catalogue contains an extensive range of both HIF-1 alpha and HIF-1 beta, useful for hypoxia, angiogenesis, cancer and many other areas of res... Read full blog post.
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We Heart HIF: HIF-1 Improves Angiogenesis Therapy in Ischemic Heart Tissue
Ischemic cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death for both men and women in the US and most other industrialized countries. Most commonly caused by atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries, ischemic cardiovascular disease is characterized ... Read full blog post.
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Using the Hif-1 Alpha Antibody in Prostate Cancer Research
The Hypoxia-inducible Factor 1 (HIF1) protein is a heterodimeric transcription factor which plays an important role in mammalian oxygen homeostasis in conditions of hypoxia, or low oxygen concentration. HIF-1 alpha antibody reagents are widely used in... Read full blog post.
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HIF-1 Beta Antibody Studies and Developments in Hypoxia Research
We at Novus Biologicals have a large HIF-1 (Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1) antibody catalog, with twenty HIF-1 beta antibody products specifically targeted to the beta subunit of HIF-1, a heterodimer which is known to contribute to many human diseases ar... Read full blog post.
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The Role of LC3 within the Autophagic Pathway
We at Novus Biologicals have a broad antibody database covering the area of autophagy - over 1400 reagents in total. Autophagy is the bulk degradation of cytoplasmic components - literally, self-digestion of the cell. Double-membrane vesicles, called ... Read full blog post.
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The Link Between Base Excision Repair and Cancer Antibodies
Base excision repair (BER) is the most fundamental DNA repair mechanism, dealing with alterations arising in individual DNA bases during cellular metabolism. We at Novus Biologicals have a large BER antibody database, which has proven important in var... Read full blog post.
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