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DNA repair refers to a collection of processes by which cells identify and correct damaged DNA. In human cells, normal metabolic activities and environmental factors cause DNA damage. Lesions resulting from DNA damage cause structural changes that can prevent gene transcription and induce harmful mutations in the cells genome. The rate of DNA repair is dependent of many factors, including cell type, cell age and the extracellular environment. The DNA repair ability of a cell is vital to the integrity of its genome, and thus to its normal function. A cell that has accumulated a large amount of DNA damage or that can no longer effectively repair damage can enter one of three stages: senescence, apoptosis or unregulated cell division, which can lead to the formation of a malignant tumor.
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Antibodies are a common tool in DNA repair, with hundreds of subgroups that mark specific proteins. For example, the p53 antibody family includes the 53BP1 antibody, which acts on an associated protein. However, it is still part of the p53 pathway.
We, at Novus Biologicals, have a vast catalog of antibodies, allowing highly specific assays of a full range of DNA-related proteins. Our ATM, FANCD2, RAD51, p53, TERT and PARP antibody ranges are routinely used in laboratories across the world.
p53 is a tumor-suppressing protein which plays an important role in the development of cancer cells. It is sited at the junction of a network of signalling pathways. Depending on its interaction with other proteins, it can either prevent or initiate programmed cell death. Its disruption is implicated in a wide range of cancers.
p53 antibody nomenclature relates to the action of that antibody in the p53 pathway. For instance, the rabbit polyclonal anti-p53 antibody (catalog number: NB200-171) acts upon the p53 protein itself, whereas the rabbit polyclonal anti-53BP1 antibody (catalog number: NB100-904) maps to a specific region of p53 binding protein 1.
The tumor binding protein 53BP1 plays a critical role in tumor suppression in the p53 pathway. It is also thought to be involved with DNA repair.
Different 53BP1 antibody types are specific to particular residues on the 53BP1 protein. For example, rabbit polyclonal anti-53BP1 antibody (catalog number: NB100-305) maps to a region between amino acid residues 1925 and 1972. A different rabbit polyclonal anti-53BP1 antibody (catalog number: NB100-304) maps to a region between amino acid residues 350 and 400.
The FANCD2 antibody interacts with FANCD proteins, which are implicated in Fanconi anaemia - a genetic disease. FANCD is essential for cellular repair after cancer therapy. Disruption of its pathway leads to increased cell sensitivity and progressive bone marrow failure.
The FANCD2 antibody is routinely used in the study of cancer cell lines. FANCD2 antibody products are selective for human FANCD2, and are used in numerous cancer assays. The FANCD2 antibody is of particular use in Western blot assays.
PARP is involved in DNA repair following environmental stress. It is cleaved by a number of caspase proteins in vitro, including Caspase-3. PARP cleavage is a useful marker in cells subjected to apoptosis.
PARP antibody detects PARP1 at all cleavage stages, both as a full-length protein and as cleavage fragments.
The RAD51 protein plays a major role in the repair of double strand DNA breakages. It reacts with the BRCA1 and BRCA2 proteins, and this interaction is thought to be important to DNA damage cell response.
RAD51 alteration, and inactivation of BRCA2, are linked to breast cancer development. The RAD51 antibody is used in studies of both of these proteins. Both polyclonal and monoclonal RAD51 antibody products are available from Novus Biologicals, purified from a range of mammalian sera. In humans, the RAD51 antibody reacts with the recumbent full-length protein.
As with all of our products, the RAD51 antibodies that we supply come with full technical data and are guaranteed to work in the applications and species stated on the datasheet. We aim to provide competitively priced, high quality antibodies to research facilities across the globe.
