Recombinant Human Lymphotoxin alpha1/beta2 Protein

This product is produced by and ships from R&D Systems, Inc., a Bio-Techne brand.

Lymphotoxin alpha (LT-alpha ), and Lymphotoxin beta (LT-beta ) are pro-inflammatory TNF superfamily ligands that play important roles in immune system development (1, 2). The 25 kDa mature human LT-alpha is a secreted protein that shares 75% amino acid (aa) sequence identity with mouse and rat LT-alpha (3, 4). The 33 kDa mature human LT-beta is a type II transmembrane protein that shares 73% aa sequence identity with mouse and rat LT-beta within common regions of their extracellular domains (5). Relative to the human protein, mouse and rat LT-beta have a 66 aa or 65 aa insertion within the ECD, respectively. LT-alpha can be secreted as a homotrimer that binds and activates TNF RI/TNFRSF1A, TNF RII/TNFRSF1B, HVEM/TNFRSF14, and Troy/TNFRSF19 (6-8). LT-alpha is required for development of the spleen, lymph nodes, and Peyer’s patches (9). It also regulates T cell homing to the gut and IgA induction (10). In addition, LT-alpha can form membrane-associated heterotrimers with two copies of LT-beta on the surface of B, T, LTi, and ILC3 cells (2, 5, 11). The Lymphotoxin alpha 1/ beta 2 heterotrimer binds and activates the Lymphotoxin beta R/TNFRSF3 (LT beta R) which is expressed on macrophages, dendritic cells, hepatocytes, intestinal epithelial cells (IEC), follicular dendritic cells (FDC), and high endothelial venules (HEV) (2, 12, 13). LT beta R also serves as a receptor for LIGHT/TNFSF14 (14). LT-alpha 1/ beta 2 promotes the development of FDC networks and HEV in lymphoid tissue, the class switching of immature B cells for IgA production, and the production of homeostatic IL-22 by ILCs (10, 15-17). It can be shed by ADAM17 or MMP-8 mediated cleavage, and the released heterotrimer circulates in the serum and is elevated in synovial fluid of rheumatoid arthritis patients (18).

We have publications tested in 2 confirmed species: Human, Mouse.

We have publications tested in 4 applications: Bioassay, Cell Culture, Stimulation, Western Blot.

Showing Publications 1 - 8 of 8.

Publications using 8884-LY	Applications	Species
Sylvestre, M;Barbier, N;Sibut, V;Nayar, S;Monvoisin, C;Leonard, S;Saint-Vanne, J;Martin, A;Guirriec, M;Latour, M;Jouan, F;Baulande, S;Bohec, M;Verdière, L;Mechta-Grigoriou, F;Mourcin, F;Bertheuil, N;Barone, F;Tarte, K;Roulois, D; KDM6B drives epigenetic reprogramming associated with lymphoid stromal cell early commitment and immune properties Science advances 2023-12-01 [PMID: 38019914] (Bioassay, Human)	Bioassay	Human
JJ George, M Oittinen, L Martin-Dia, V Zapilko, S Iqbal, T Rintakanga, FT Arrojo Mar, H Niskanen, P Katajisto, M Kaikkonen, K Viiri Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 Regulates Genes Necessary for Intestinal Microfold Cell (M Cell) Development Cellular and Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 2021-05-28;0(0):. 2021-05-28 [PMID: 34058415] (Bioassay, Mouse)	Bioassay	Mouse
M Maksymowic, M Mi?czy?ska, M Banach-Or? Clathrin- and dynamin-dependent endocytosis limits canonical NF-&kappaB signaling triggered by lymphotoxin &beta receptor Cell Commun Signal, 2020-11-04;18(1):176. 2020-11-04 [PMID: 33148272] (Western Blot, Human)	Western Blot	Human
R da Silva A, AK Mehta, L Madge, J Tocker, M Croft TNFSF14 (LIGHT) Exhibits Inflammatory Activities in Lung Fibroblasts Complementary to IL-13 and TGF-β Front Immunol, 2018-03-19;9(0):576. 2018-03-19 [PMID: 29616048] (Cell Culture, Human)	Cell Culture	Human
JS Hähnlein, R Nadafi, T de Jong, TH Ramwadhdoe, JF Semmelink, KI Maijer, IA Zijlstra, M Maas, DM Gerlag, TBH Geijtenbee, PP Tak, RE Mebius, LGM van Baarse Impaired lymph node stromal cell function during the earliest phases of rheumatoid arthritis Arthritis Res. Ther., 2018-02-26;20(1):35. 2018-02-26 [PMID: 29482663] (Bioassay, Human)	Bioassay	Human
T Kanaya, S Sakakibara, T Jinnohara, M Hachisuka, N Tachibana, S Hidano, T Kobayashi, S Kimura, T Iwanaga, T Nakagawa, T Katsuno, N Kato, T Akiyama, T Sato, IR Williams, H Ohno Development of intestinal M cells and follicle-associated epithelium is regulated by TRAF6-mediated NF-?B signaling J. Exp. Med., 2018-01-16;0(0):. 2018-01-16 [PMID: 29339448] (Stimulation, Mouse)	Stimulation	Mouse
HT Quach, T Kondo, M Watanabe, R Tamura, Y Yajima, S Sayama, M Ando, T Kataoka Eudesmane-Type Sesquiterpene Lactones Inhibit Nuclear Translocation of the Nuclear Factor ?B Subunit RelB in Response to a Lymphotoxin ? Stimulation Biol. Pharm. Bull., 2017-01-01;40(10):1669-1677. 2017-01-01 [PMID: 28966239] (Bioassay, Human)	Bioassay	Human
Bimodal Expansion of the Lymphatic Vessels Is Regulated by the Sequential Expression of IL-7 and Lymphotoxin ?1?2 in Newly Formed Tertiary Lymphoid Structures J Immunol, 2016-07-29;0(0):. 2016-07-29 [PMID: 27474071] (Bioassay, Human)	Bioassay	Human

Array 8884-LY

• Lymphotoxin Antibody
• Lymphotoxin Proteins and Enzymes