TMPRSS2 Products

Description

TMPRSS2, also called Epitheliasin in mice, is a 492 amino acid type II transmembrane serine protease located on human chromosome 21q22.3 that encodes at least 2 isoforms. This glycosylated serine protease (theoretical molecular weight 70kDa) is regulated by androgens and expressed on the plasma membrane of human bronchial epithelial cells, nasal goblet cells, small intestine epithelia, gastrointestinal tract, the stomach, kidneys and pancreas, with the greatest abundance found in the prostate gland. While the physiological function of TMPRSS2 remains unknown, the serine protease domain undergoes autocleavage and the 32 kDa domain is secreted enabling its interaction with the extracellular matrix. Fusions between TMPRSS2 and the ETS transcription factor genes ERG, ETV1, and ETV4 have been reported in prostate cancer with the TMPRSS2 ERG gene fusion resulting in ERG overexpression in 40-80% of these cases and often producing a more aggressive phenotype. Androgen signaling is disrupted in prostate cancers with the TMPRSS2 ERG fusion which contributes to the switch from androgen dependent to androgen independent prostate cancer (1,2).

TMPRSS2 has also been shown to play a critical role in the process of viral entry for coronaviruses and influenza viruses thru proteolytic activation of key viral glycoproteins. One pathway for SARS-CoV-2 infection, which causes the COVID-19 disease, involves binding of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike 'S' glycoprotein to the human ACE2 receptor and cleavage of S by TMPRSS2 at the cell surface to facilitate viral entry. TMPRSS2 mediates viral entry in a similar mechanism for other coronaviruses such as SARS-CoV and MERS. The broad-spectrum serine protease inhibitor, Camostat, is a TMPRSS2 inhibitor demonstrated to protect mice with lethal SARS-CoV infections (3).

References

1. Clark, J., Cooper, C. (2009) ETS gene fusions in prostate cancer. Nat Rev Urol 6, 429-439. PMID: 19657377

2. Duffy, MJ. (2014) Chapter One - PSA in Screening for Prostate Cancer: More Good than Harm or More Harm than Good? Adv Clin Chem. 66:1-23. PMID: 25344984

3. Shen LW, Mao HJ, Wu YL, Tanaka Y, Zhang W. (2017) TMPRSS2: A potential target for treatment of influenza virus and coronavirus infections. Biochimie. 142:1-10

Bioinformatics

Entrez	156435 Rat 50528 Mouse 7113 Human
Uniprot	AAH51839.1 Human NM_005656 Human NP_005647 Human O15393 Human
Product By Gene ID	7113
Alternate Names	EC 3.4.21 EC 3.4.21 FLJ41954 NP_001128571.1 NP_001369649.1 NP_005647.3 PP9284 PRSS10 Serine protease 10 TMPRSS2 transmembrane protease serine 2 transmembrane protease, serine 2

Research Areas for TMPRSS2

Find related products by research area and learn more about each of the different research areas below.

Prostate Cancer

Related TMPRSS2 Blog Posts

Check out the latest blog posts on TMPRSS2.

Blocking SARS-CoV-2 Cell Entry: A potential Strategy Against COVID-19 Pandemic By Jamshed Arslan, Pharm. D., PhD. Coronaviruses are a family of enveloped RNA viruses. Some family members circulate in human populations, but others like severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) ar...    Read more.

COVID-19 and the Cardiovascular System: Observed complications and potential mechanisms By Victoria OsinskiThe outbreak of COVID-19 resulting from the transmission of the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has resulted in many cases of illness typically manifesting in mi...    Read more.

COVID-19 and metabolic dysregulation: SARS-CoV-2 injures human exocrine and endocrine pancreas Jamshed Arslan, Pharm D, PhD Humans rely on the pancreas for digesting food and generating energy from it. SARS-CoV-2-mediated damage to the exocrine pancreas is evident from the pancreatitis, pancreatic enlargeme...    Read more.

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